1. By Batch-1

2.  Definition of soil pollution
 Cause of soil pollution
 Effects of soil pollution
 Preventions of soil pollution
 Laws of soil pollution
 Examples of soil pollution

3. Soil pollution is the contamination of soil with
harmful substances that can adversely affect
the quality of the soil and the health of those
living on it.

4. USE OF CHEMICALS

5. SOIL EROSION
 It occurs when top soil moves
from one place to another as a
result of various natural and
man-made factors.
 Leads to decrease in the soil’s
capacity to retain water.
 When the soil is eroded, the
crops grown are affected
resulting in an indirect effect on
the environment

6. SALTY WATER
 Use of water with high salinity
causes soil pollution.
 Salts present in the water
accumulates at the top layer of
the soil.
 This salty water present in the
soil becomes a cause for
studded growth of the crops.

7. URBAN WASTE
 Both domestic and commercial waste are known as urban waste
 It contains garbage and rubbish material like papers , fibers ,plastics
,glasses , bottles and dried sludge of sewage
 As this rain water runs from top of the this uncovered garbage this causes
soil pollution

8. INDUSTRIAL WASTE
 Most of the industrial waste rejected materials like calcium
carbonate , magnesium , sulphate.
 This industrial waste are all dumped over the soil surface by
almost all industries
 This causes toxicity of soil

9. POLLUTION OF
UNDERGROUND WASTE
 Deposition of many agricultural
chemicals in the underground layers
has disturbed the normal activities.
 Living of earthworms ,centipede
,millipede ,frogs and rats
underground has greatly disturbed
the ecological equilibrium is badly
affected

10. RADIOACTIVE WASTE
 Storage and disposal of radioactive waste from nuclear power plants
causes soil pollution
 They gets deposited on the top soil and emits continuously gamma
radiations.
 Examples : strontium 90, iodine 131, barium 140
Radioactive waste

11. ACID RAIN
 It is caused by air pollution.
 The acidic water falls on the soil and pollutes it by making the soil
acidic.
 Soil looses its nutrient due to high solubility in acidic water

12. WASTE FROM MINING
 Huge holes are dug in the ground.
 Waste obtained from mining left on site in the form of spoil heaps.
 This waste contain toxic and poisonous substances which then leach into
the soil due to rainfall.
Waste obtained from
coal mining

13. LEAKAGE OF TOXINS
 Faulty landfills.
 Bursting of underground bins.
 Seepage from faulty sewage
systems

14. DUMPING OF SOLID WASTE
 Solid waste includes
garbage, domestic refuse.
 Discarded solid material from
commercial, industry &
agricultural operation.
 These degrades the appearance
of an area and pollute the soil.

15. OIL & PETROLEUM SPILLS
 Petroleum spills from gas
stations, fuel tanks or other
activities can result in elevated
levels of contaminants in the soil.
 Such as Benzene, Toluene, and
Xylene.
 Oil spills cause poor grow of
plants.

16. EFFECT ON MICRO-ORGANISMS
Loss of variety of micro-organisms due to :
 Change in genetic make-up of the soil.
 Certain animals die.
 Loss of supply of food chain.
 Imbalance in food chain.
EFFECTS OF SOIL POLLUTION…

17. EFFECT ON SOIL:-
 It leads to soil fertility.
 Decrease in soil yield.
 It results in loss of nutrients present in the soil

18. EFFECT ON BIO-ACCUMULATION
 PLANTS :
 Grown in polluted soil absorbs molecules
of the pollutants.
 Pollutants accumulate in the plants.
 ANIMALS :
 By eating these polluted plants, animals
take on all the pollution.
 HUMANS :
 By eating such plants or animals large
amount of pollutants may cause poison in
human body.
EFFECTS OF SOIL POLLUTION…

19. ORGAN DAMAGE
 Presence of heavy metals in the soil.
 High concentrations of lead and
mercury.
 Leads to irreversible developmental
damage in children.
 Causes damage to the developing
brains of young children.
 Leads to neurological problems.
 May also suffer kidney or liver damage.
EFFECTS OF SOIL POLLUTION…

20. ECONOMIC LOSS
 Soil pollution can cause economic damage.
 Polluted soil with heavy metals is not used to grow grains.
 Grains are often polluted which grow in this soil which cannot be
consumed.
 Farmers are hence in a great loss.
EFFECTS OF SOIL POLLUTION…

21. EFFECT ON PHOTOSYNTHESIS
 Soil polluted by acid rain have an
impact on plants.
 Disrupts the soil chemistry.
 Reduces plant’s ability to take up
nutrients and undergoes
photosynthesis.
EFFECTS OF SOIL POLLUTION…

22. EFFECT ON AGRICULTURE
WASTE
 High dose of Pesticide increases zinc, copper, such metals in soil.
 Produces hazards pollutants to water & soil.
 Pollutants added by burning of any fuel reduces soil fertility.
EFFECTS OF SOIL POLLUTION…

23. EFFECT ON INDUSTRIAL WASTE
 Destroy bacteria & beneficial
microorganisms present in the
soil.
 Compound accumulated in the
soil for long time destroy the
living organism.
 Product such as synthetic
fiber, plastic produce toxic
vapour
EFFECTS OF SOIL POLLUTION…

24. EFFECT ON CROP
 Soil pollution reduces crop yields.
 30% of irrigated land of world is
affected by salinity of the soil.
 It decreases nutritive values of
soil as well as crops.
EFFECTS OF SOIL POLLUTION…

25.  Reduce use of
pesticides, insecticides &
fungicides.
 Overuse of these chemicals
leads to soil pollution.
 Manures & biofertilizers like
rhizobium can be used to
increase fertility of soil.

26.  Waste should be disposed off properly
to avoid pollution.
 Acidic & alkaline waste should be
neutralized before they are disposed
of so they don’t contaminate the soil.
 Biodegradable waste should be broken
down before disposing it off.

27.  Bioaugmentation is the practice of
inoculating contaminated soil with
large numbers of appropriate
microorganisms.
 Its cheaper than pollution clean up
methods which involve physically
moving the soil.
 This may not work in some types
of soil as it requires plenty of
soil, moisture & oxygen to work
effectively.

28.  BIO-REMEDIATION.

29. Proper disposal of
industrial waste.
Waste reduction
techniques.
Recycling.

30.  Proper drainage system.
 Large holes.
 Renovation of drains.
 Keep clear.

31.  Reforestation, i.e. planting more trees.
 Animal waste to be used as manure.

32.  3R’s should be implemented i.e.
 ‘Recycling of paper : waste paper can be recycled instead of
throwing it.
 ‘Reuse plastic wastes.
 ‘Reduce toxic wastes.

33. Proper waste disposal at home.
E.g. Segregate wet and dry waste.

34. There is no specific legislation which deals with
regulation of soil pollution or gives it a definite
scope and meaning.

35. Unlike air pollution & water pollution there is no perfect direct law
which deals with soil pollution. Unlike, EPA (Environment
Protection Act) which deals with all aspects of environment.

36. IN GENERAL…
The Environment Protection Act – 1986.
The Municipal Solid Waste, Management and Handling
Act – 2000.

37.  60 % untreated water.
 Incapable treating plants.
 Bio-composting : a major source.
 Technologies.

38. Laws.
Greener technologies.
Biological remedial process.
Bio-composting.

39.  Soil pollution has been reported along the wetland of thane creek.
 Due to the depositions by Thane-Belapur Industrial Complex in
South Bombay.
 Heavy metal pollution and physiochemical characteristic is detected.
 pH level, bulk density, alkalinity and chlorinity is recorded high
during dry season.

41. Wet waste that
decomposes &
releases bad odor.
Poisonous gases
leak like Ch4
(toxic).
Depletion of
mangroves.
Attracts
insects, rats & flies
that spread
diseases.
PROBLEMS
Stagnant water in
rainy is breeding
ground for
diseases.
Pollution/damage of
road/property.
Plastic problem.
Effects plants &
animals.

42. Waste workers are
affected
Hospital & industrial
waste create major
health hazards
Decrease in oxygen
level causing
breathing problem
Mosquitoes can
carry life threatening
diseases like
dengue , yellow
fever , malaria
Birds/small animals
die after ingesting
waste
IMPACTS

43. PREVENTIVE
MEASURES
Proper
method of
waste
disposal
At
household
level proper
segregation
of waste
Plastic
should not
be used
Wheel
cleaning
facility

44. Largest and oldest dumping ground in Mumbai.
Extend over 132 hectre.
Recieves 5500 metric tonnes of garbage.
600 metric tonnes of silts and 25 tons of bio-medical waste daily.

45. Include:
 Chemicals and biological properties.
 Agriculture waste.
 Discarded solid material.

46.  Hazard 90% of soil pollution and health on human being which
living on it.
 E.g. residents of Chembur ,Govandi ,Mankhurd and Shivaji
Nager.
 Smoke affecting the asthma patients.

47.  Juhu is an affluent neighborhood of west Mumbai.
 Most of the celebrities live there, it is also a home to a significant portion
of Mumbai’s Business Elite.
 Recently, it has been noticed that Juhu has become a place for disposal
of waste.
 All sorts of waste are dumped there. For example: plastic bags and
bottles, paper plates, glass bottles and etc.
 This kind of garbage disposal has increased the number of mosquitoes
and other insects which causes malaria, dengue. It may be fatal.
 The polluted soil stops the proper growth of plants and trees in that
particular area.

48. Polluted soil which leads to various problems. Clean up session held by domino’s.
The dirt that is beyond one’s ability to get
wiped out completely.

49.  The Government of India should implement
certain laws to be followed strictly.
 We can create awareness by holding
marathons, beach clean ups and also by
raising posters.
 Reduce the use of plastics.
 The vendors can keep dustbins outside their
shops for the waste to be discarded.
STOP WAITING FOR THINGS TO
HAPPEN,
GO OUT AND MAKE THEM HAPPEN!
GREEN INDIA, CLEAN INDIA