mughals history

3. Taj
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5. 
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BABUR (1526-30)
HUMAYUN (1530-56)
AKBAR (1556-1605)
JAHANGIR (1605-28)
SHAHJAHAN (1628-58)
AURANGZEB (1658-1707)

6. 
Founded in 1526.

Dominated India between
17th and 18th centuries.
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Empire ended in mid1900s.
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Descended from
Mongolian ancestors around
Pakistan.
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Population at height:
between 110 and 130
million people.
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Sophisticated, mixed IndoPersian culture.

7. Empire founded in 1526 by Emperor Babur.
 Prospered under first 6 emperors, referred to
as the Great Mughals.
 2nd emperor, Humyun, lost several battles to
Sher Shah Suri, losing control of Hindustan.
 3rd emperor Akbar (circa 1700) regained
control of Hindustan. Greatest Mughal ruler.
 5th ruler Shah Jahan built the Taj Mahal in
1653.


8. Empire declined under 6th
emperor, Aurangzeb. Wars of
succession, local revolts
 By 1765, the Mughal
emperor had become a
pensioner of the British East
India Company.
 Empire had several more
mediocre rulers, finally
ending in 1857 with
expulsion to Burma
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9. Centralized government system.
 Persian art/culture merged with native Indian
art/culture
 New trade routes with Arabs and Turks.
 Muglia cuisine.
 New architectural style.
 Urdu language developed from the fusion of
Indian and Islamic culture
 Urdu = Persian + Arabic + Turkish


11. Nearly 400 monuments have survived a
time-span of 132 years.
 White marble and red sandstone was
favoured.
 Semi-precious gemstones were popular
(jade, crystal, etc.)
 Used arches sparingly.
 Symmetry and balance stressed.
 Used octagons a lot.


12. Kurta ~ an informal dress worn
by Mughal men and women.
 Sometimes sewn with gold or
silver threads.
 Cut in long, flowing panels for
comfort; about knee-length.
 Traditional wear in Afghanistan,
Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and
Sri Lanka


13. Spicy
 Dried fruit
 Rich and Creamy
 Known for various
sauces
 Numerous kabobs
 Not vegetarian!


14. Babur’s victory at Pan pat in 1526 established the
Mughal Empire and ended the reign of the Delhi Sultanate. The
rise of the great Mughal Dynasty in India began with Babur.
Humayun succeeded his father Babur and became
emperor. He was defeated and dislodged by
insurrections of nobles from the old Lodi regime. In
1540, the Mughal domain came under control of
Farid Khan Sur (Shir Shah Sur). Humayun died at
the age of 48 when he fell down the steps of his
library.
Akbar, the most sophisticated Mughal commander
and leader, was only 14 years of age when he
succeeded his father Humayun. Under Akbar's
reign, Muslims and Hindu’s received the same
respect.

15. Jahangir succeeded his father, Akbar.
1628-1658 Prince Khurram was 35 years old when he ascended the
throne as Shah Jehan, King of the World.
In the summer of 1659, Aurangzeb held a coronation
in the Red Fort where he assumed the title of Alamgir (World
Conqueror). After a bitter struggle with his two brothers, Aurangzeb
was the victor who took the throne
Bahadur Shah II, the last Mughal emperor, was
deposed in 1858. India was brought under the direct rule of the British
Crown. This brought the end of the Mughal Empire.