Handybook ICT

FORM 5

LEARNING AREA 6
INFORMATION SYSTEM

Topic 6.1 - Concepts of Information
Systems
6.1.1 Definition

6.1.1 Definition

6.1.1.1 Give the meaning of data, information and information systems
1 DATA IS A COLLECTION OF UNPROCESSED ITEMS, WHICH CAN INCLUDE TEXT,
NUMBERS, IMAGES, AUDIO AND VIDEO.DATA ARE THE RAW, UNPROCESSED
FACTS, INCLUDING TEXT, NUMBERS, IMAGES AND SOUND.
2. INFORMATION IS DATA THAT ORGANIZED AND MEANINGFUL TO A SPECIFIC USER.
3. INFORMATION SYSTEMS IS THE COLLECTION OF SOFTWARE, HARDWARE, DATA,
PEOPLE AND PROCEDURE INFORMATION AND SUPPORTS USER ACTIVITY IN AN
ORGANIZATION.

1. DATA MERUPAKAN KOLEKSI BAHAN MENTAH YANG MENGANDUNGI SAMADA
TEKS, NOMBOR, IMEJ, AUDIA DAN VIDEO
2. INFORMASI ADALAH DATA YANG DIURUSKAN DAN BERMAKNA KEPADA
PENGGUNA BERKAITAN
3. SYSTEM INFORMASI ADALAH KOLEKSI PERISIAN, PERKAKASAN, DATA MANUSIA
DAN INFORMASI BERPROSEDUR DAN MENYOKONG PENGGUNAKAN MELAKUKAN
AKTIVITI DI DALAM ORGANISASI

6.1.1 Definition
6.1.2 Usage of Information Systems in Various Fields
FIELDS GENERAL USAGE

EDUCATION 1. KEEP TRACK OF STUDENTS STATISTICS AND GRADES
2. HELP STUDENTS AND TEACHERS IN ONLINE LEARNING AND DISCUSSION.
3. STORE SUBJECT CONTENT.

BUSINESS 1. CARRY OUR ONLINE BUYING AND SELLING.
2. HELP PLAN THE DELIVERY OF GOODS AND SERVICES.
3. MAKE ROOM BOOKINGS AND FOR CHECKING THE BEST RATES.

MANAGEMENT 1. SEE EMPLOYEE RECORDS.
2. ANALYSE PRODUCTS, SERVICES AND PRODUCTS PRICES.
3. PROCESS CUSTOMER ORDERS, ORGANIZE PRODUCTION TIMES AND KEEP TRACK
OF PRODUCT INVENTORY.

LAPANGAN KEGUNAAN

PELAJARAN 1. MENYIMPAN GRED DAN STATISTIK MURID

PERNIAGAAN 1. MENJALANKAN OPERASI TALIAN BERKENAAN PEMBELIAAN DAN PENJUALAN.
2. MEMBANTU PELAN PENGHANTARAN BARANGAN DAN PERKHIDMATAN.
3. MENJALANKAN TEMPAHAN SECARA TALIAN

PENGURUSAN 1. REKOD PEKERJA.
2. MENGANALISA PRODUK, PERKHIDMATAN DAN
HARGA..
1. MEMPROSES TEMPAHAN PELANGGAN,
PENGURUSAN MASA DAN INVENTORI PRODUK

6.1.3 Information System
Components
6.1.3.1 List the Information Systems
Components
• - Data - DATA
• - Hardware - PERKAKASAN
• - Software - PERISIAN
• - People - MANUSIA
• - Procedure - PROSEDUR

Components
6.1.3.2 Define each of the Information System components
1. HARDWARE IS A COMPUTER APPLIANCE SUCH AS KEYBOARD, MONITOR, UNIT
SYSTEMS, MOUSE AND STORAGE THAT IS USED BY PEOPLE TO KEY IN AND
DISPLAY DATA.
2. PEOPLE IS COMPUTER USER SUCH AS CLERK, MANAGER, TEACHERS AND OTHER.
3. SOFTWARE IS A PROGRAM USED IN COMPUTER INFORMATION SYSTEMS.
4. DATA IS A RAW MATERIAL OPERATION AND UNPROCESSED SUCH AS NAME,
MARKS AND OTHERS.
5. PROCEDURE USER GUIDELINE OF THE FIX SYSTEMS. EXAMPLE USER MANUAL

1. PERKAKASAN PENGGUNAAN KOMPUTER MELALUI KEYBOARD, MONITOR DAN SISTEM
UNIT.MOUSE DAN STORAN DIGUNAKAN PENGGUNA UNTUK MENGISI DAN
MEMAPAR DATA.
2. MANUSIA ADALAH PENGGUNA KOMPUTER SEPERTI KERANI, PENGURUS, GURU DLL
3. PERISIAN ADALAH PROGRAM YANG DIGUNAKAN DALAM SISTEM MAKLUMAT...
4. DATA ADALAH BAHAN MENTAH/ASAS YANG BELUM DIPROSES.SEPERTI NAMA,
MARKAH DAN SEBAGAINYA. .
5. PROSEDUR PANDUAN PENGGUNA. CONTOH: MANUAL PENGGUNAAN

Components
6.1.3.3 Describe the interrelation between information system components using a diagram.

Procedure

PROSEDUR

Software Data

PERISIAN DATA

Hardware People

PERKAKASANN MANUSIA

Relationship between elements of Information Systems

6.1.4 Types of Information Systems

6.1.4.1 List five types of Information Systems
• EXECUTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEM (EIS) /
EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEM (ESS)
• MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (MIS)
• TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEM (TPS)
• DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS)
• EXPERT SYSTEM (ES) / ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENT
(AI)

6.1.4.2 State the usage of each type of Information System
INFORMATION SYSTEM USAGE

EXECUTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEM -AN INFORMATION SYSTEM THAT PROVIDES
(EIS) / STRATEGIC INFORMATION TAILORED TO THE
EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEM NEEDS OF TOP MANAGEMENT.
(ESS) -EIS IS A HIGHLY INTERACTIVE MIS COMBINED
SISTEM INFORMASI EKSEKUTIF WITH DSS AND AI THAT CAN PRESENT, SUMMARIZE,
SISTEM SOKONGAN EKSEKUTIF AND ANALYZE DATA FROM ORGANIZATION’S
DATABASE.
-ESS IS DESIGNED TO BE EASY TO USE. SO AN
EXECUTIVE WITH LITTLE SPARE TIME CAN OBTAIN
INFORMATION WITHOUT EXTENSIVE TRAINING.
-EIS ADALAH SISTEM INFORMASI YANG
MEMBEKALKAN INFORMASI STRATEGIK UNTUK
PENGURUSAN ATASAN
-EIS SANGAT INTERAKTIF DI MANA MIS BERGBUNG
DENGAN DSS DAN AI YANG BOLEH MELAKUKAN
RUMUSAN DAN MENGANALISA DATA DARIPADA
DATABASE PENGURUSAN
EIS DIREKA SUPAYA MUDAH DIGUNAKAN SUPAYA
PIHAK PENGURUSAN TIDAK MEMBUANG MASA
MEMPELAJARINYA.


MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM AN INFORMATION SYSTEM THAT PRODUCES
(MIS) STANDARDIZED REPORTS IN SUMMARIZED
SISTEM INFORMASI PENGURUSAN STRUCTURED FORM. MIS SUMMARIZES DATA
AND PRESENTS THEM IN REPORTS.
MERUPAKAN SISTEM INFORMASI YANG
MEMBEKALKAN LAPORAN TERSUSUN YANG
BERSTRUKTUR DARIPADA DATA RUMUSAN MIS
DAN MEMPERSEMBAHKANNYA DALAM BENTUK
LAPORAN
TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEM AN INFORMATION THAT HELPS AN
(TPS) ORGANIZATION KEEP TRACK OF DAILY
SISTEM PEMPROSESN TRASAKSI OPERATIONS AND RECORDS THESE EVENTS IN
DATABASE. EXAMPLE SALES, PAYROLL,
RESERVATIONS, SHIPPING, AND WORKER
TRACKING. TPS IS SIMPLY RECORDS DATA.
MERUPAKAN INFORMASI YANG MEMBANTU
PENGURUSAN MENGESAN KERJA HAIAN
OPERASI DAN MEREKODNYA DALAM DATABASE.
CONTOH” GAJI, PENGHANTARAN DAN
PENERIMAAN BARANG DANSEBAGAINYA..


DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS) AN INFORMATION SYSTEM THAT ANALYZES
SISTEM SOKONGAN KEPUTUSAN BUSINESS DATA AND PRESENTS IT SO THAT
USERS CAN MAKE BUSINESS DECISIONS
MORE EASILY. DSS ANALYZES DATA
ADALAH SISTEM INFORMASI YANG
MENGANALISA DATA PERNIAGAAN DAN
MEMPERSEMBAHKANNYA SUPAYA
KEPUTUSAN BOLEH DIBUAT..
EXPERT SYSTEM (ES) / A TYPE OF APPLICATION PROGRAM THAT
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENT (AI) MAKES DECISIONS OR SOLVES PROBLEMS
SISTEM PAKAR / IN A PARTICULAR FIELD BY USING
KEPINTARAN BUATAN KNOWLEDGE AND ANALYTICAL RULES
DEFINED BY EXPERTS IN THE FIELD.
MERUPAKAN JENIS PROGRAM APLIKASI
YANG MEMBUAT KEPUTUSAN DALAM
PELBAGAI LAPANGAN MENGGUNAKAN
PENGETAHUAN PAKAR DALAM BIDANG
BERKAITAN

6.1.5 Hierarchy of Data

6.1.5.1 Define bit, byte, field, record, and file
DATABASE CONTAINS FILES, FILE CONTAINS
RECORDS, RECORD CONTAINS FIELDS, FIELD
CONTAINS BYTE/CHARACTERS AND BYTE
CONTAINS BIT.
PANGKALAN DATA MENGANDUNGI FAIL, FAIL
MENGANDUNGI REKOD, REKOD MENGANDUNGI
BAHAGIAN, BAHAGIAN YANG MENGANDUNGI
BAIT/KAREKTOR DAN BAIT YANG MENGANDUNGI
BIT


• BIT
– COMPUTER STORE INFORMATION IN DIGITAL FORMAT, ON AND OFF CALLED LOGIC 1 AND LOGIC
0. THE SMALLEST ELEMENT IN A COMPUTER IS BIT AND HOLDS EITHER 1 OR 0.
– KOMPUTER MENYIMPAN MAKLUMAT DALAM BENTUK DIGITAL, BUKA DAN TUTUP YANG
DIPANGGIL LOGIK DAN LOGIK 0. ELEMEN TERKECIL IALAH BIT DAN HANYA MEMEGANG 0 DAN 1
• BYTE
– COMPUTER USES ONLY ONE BIT THAT CAN HAVE TWO SITUATION EITHER 1 OR 0. IT IS NOT
PRACTICAL TO SAVE VAST INFORMATION. THEREFORE MORE THAN 1 BIT IS GATHERED.
– ONE BYTE CONSIST OF 8 BITS, AND CAN CONSIST OF 256 VALUES. COMPUTER USES BYTE TO
REPRESENT CHARACTER LIKE ‘A’ AND NUMBER ‘3’ AND SYMBOL ‘ *’.
– KOMPUTER HANYA MENGGUNAKAN SATU BIT YANG MANA BOLEH ADA 2 SITUASI SAMADA 1
ATAU 0.
– SATU BAIT MENANDUNGI 8 BIT DAN BOLEH MENGANDUNGI 256 NILAI. KOMPUTER
MENGGUNAKAN BAIT UNTUK MEMPERSEMBAHKAN KAREKTOR SEPERTI ‘A’, ‘3’ DAN ‘SIMBOL’.


• FIELD
– COMBINATION OF ONE OR MORE CHARACTER AND IT IS THE SMALLEST UNIT THAT CAN BE
RETRIEVED.
– KOMBINASI SATU ATAU LEBIH KAREKTOR DAN MERUPAKAN UNIT TERKECIL

• RECORD
- COLLECTION OF FIELD.
- ADALAH KOLEKSI BEBERAPA LAPANGAN

• FILE
- COLLECTION OF RECORD.
- KOLEKSI BEBERAPA REKOD

• DATABASE
– COLLECTION OF FILE.
– KOLEKSI BEBERAPA FAIL

6.1.5.2 State the hierarchy of data:
Database

File

Record

Field

Byte

Bit

6.1.5.2 State the hierarchy of data:
Database

File File

Record Record Record Record

Field Field Field Field Field Field Field

Topic 6.2 - Software

• 6.2.1 Definition

6.2.1 Definition

6.2.1.1 Define Database management Systems (DBMS)
• DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (DBMS)
• A COLLECTION OF PROGRAMS THAT ENABLES US TO
STORE, MODIFY, EXTRACT AND MANAGE
INFORMATION FROM A DATABASE

• DBMS ADALAH KOLEKSI-KOLEKSI PROGRAM YANG
MEMBENARKAN PENGGUNA UNTUK MENYIMPAN,
MENGUBAHSUAI, MENGECIL DAN MENGURUSKAN
MAKLUMAT DARIPAD PANGKALAN DATA

6.2.1 Definition

6.2.1.2 List the benefits of using database.

• DATA REDUNDANCIES AND INCONSISTENCIES ARE REDUCED.
• ACCESS IS RESTRICTED TO AUTHORIZED PEOPLE.
• INFORMATION CAN BE PRESENTED IN A VARIETY OF FORMATS.
• DATA FILTERING IS MUCH EASIER.
• DATA MANIPULATION CAN BE DONE EASILY.
• USERS MAY SHARE DATA WITH ONE ANOTHER

• KETIDAKKONSISTENAN DATA BOLEH DIKURANGKAN
• MENGAKSES ADALAH SUKAR DAN HANYA PADA MEREKA YANG DIBENARKAN
• MAKLUMAT BOLEH DIPERSEMBAHKAN DALAM PELBAGAI CARA
• MENAPIS DATA LEBIH MUDAH
• MEMANIPULASI DATA LEBIH MUDAH DILAKUKAN
• PENGGUNA BOLEH BERKONGSI DATA DENGAN ORANG LAIN

6.2.2 Features

6.2.2.1 State the relationship between attribute (field), row
(record) & relation (file)
• DATA IS ORGANIZED INTO RELATED TABLES.
• DATA DIURUSKAN KEPAD BEBERAPA TABLE
• EACH TABLE IS MADE UP OF ROWS WHICH ARE CALLED
RECORDS AND COLUMNS WHICH ARE CALLED FIELDS.
• SETIAP TABLE ADA ROW UNTUK REKOD DAN COLUMN
UNTUK FIELDS
• EACH RECORD CONTAINS FIELDS OF INFORMATION ABOUT
SOME SPECIFIC ITEM.
• SETIAP REKOD MENGANDUNGI FIELDS MENGENAI
MAKLUMAT SESUATU ITEM.

6.2.2 Features

6.2.2.1 State the relationship between attribute
(field), row (record) & relation (file)
Field

Record

6.2.2 Features

6.2.2.2 Define the primary key and foreign key
PRIMARY KEY
• A FIELD THAT UNIQUELY IDENTIFIES EACH RECORD IN A FILE.
• BERTINDAK SRBAGAI SATU ITEM UNIK YANG MEMBEZAKAN
• SETIAP REKOD DALAM FAIL
FOREIGN KEY
• A PRIMARY KEY THAT EXIST IN OTHER TABLES IN ORDER TO LINK
THE
• RELATED TABLES TOGETHER.
PRIMARY KEY
YANG WUJUD DALAM TABLE YANG LAIN DALAM BERTINDAK SEBAGAI
PENGHUBUNG DENGAN TABLE YANG LAIN

6.2.2 Features

• 6.2.2.3 State the importance of primary key
i. USED FOR THE PURPOSE OF INDEXING THE TABLES IN A
DATABASE WHICH
MAKES IT MORE EFFICIENT TO:
 SEARCH FOR SPECIFIC RECORD
 SORT THE DATA OR
 LINK TABLES.
i. HELPS TO AVOID DUPLICATING RECORDS.
ii. PREVENTS NULL VALUES FROM BEING ENTERED IN THE
UNIQUE FIELD.
1. PENTING SEBAGAI
- MENCARI REKOD2 SPESIFIK
- MERINGKASKAN DATA
- MENGHUBUNG TABLE LAIN
2 MEMBANTU MENGELAKKAN PERSAMAAN DATA

6.2.2 Features

• 6.2.2.4 Differentiate between the primary key
and foreign key
PRIMARY KEY FOREIGN KEY
MUST CONTAIN UNIQUE MAY HAVE DUPLICATE VALUES
VALUES
USED TO UNIQUELY IDENTITY USED TO LINK TO A PRIMARY
EACH RECORD IN A TABLE KEY IN ANOTHER TABLE
PRIMARY KEY FOREIGN KEY
MESTI ADA NILAI UNIK BOLEH ADA NILAI YANG SAMA
MEMBEZAKAN SETIAP REKOD DIGUNAKAN UNTUK
DALAM TABLE MENGHUBUNGKAN SATU
TABLE DENGAN TABLE YANG
LAIN

6.2.3 Database Objects

6.2.3.1 Define the following database objects/ tools: Tables, form, query, report.
• TO ENABLE USERS TO RETRIEVE ALL THE RELATED INFORMATION FROM DIFFERENT
TABLES.
• THE PRIMARY KEY OF ONE TABLE BECOMES A FOREIGN KEY IN OTHER TABLE.
• A PRIMARY KEY MAKES CREATING QUERIES, FORMS AND REPORTS EASIER.
• A PRIMARY KEY IMPROVES DATA PERFORMANCE BY RELATING A SMALLER TABLE
INTO MEANINGFUL DATABASE.

• MEMBOLEHKAN PENGGUNA HUBUNGKAN DATA YANG SAMA PADA TABLE LAIN
• PRIMARY KEY JAADI FOREIGN KEY PADA TABLE YANG LAIN
• PRIMARY KEY BOLEHKAN MEMBUAT QUERY,BORANG DAN LAPORAN MUDAH
• PRIMARY KEY MENAMBAHKAN DATA YANG BERHUBUNGAN MENJADI SESUATU
YANG BERMAKNA

6.2.3.2 Identify table, query, form and
report as database objects/ tools.
TABLE A COLLECTION OF COMPUTER DATA THAT IS
ORGANIZED, DEFINED AND STORED AS ROWS AND
COLUMNS. IN NON-RELATIONAL SYSTEMS, A TABLE IS
CALLED A FILE
KOLEKSI DATA YANG TERSUSUN, DIKENALPASTI DAN
DISIMPAN SEBAGAI BARIS DAN LAJUR.
FORM A FORM IS ESSENTIALLY A WINDOW IN WHICH YOU
CAN PLACE CONTROLS THAT EITHER GIVE USERS
INFORMATION OR ACCEPT INFORMATION THAT THEY
ENTER. ACCESS PROVIDES A TOOLBOX THAT
INCLUDES MANY STANDARD WINDOWS CONTROLS,
SUCH AS LABELS, TEXT BOXES, OPTION BUTTONS,
AND CHECK BOXES
LEBIH MUDAH DIKENALI SEBAGAI ANTARA MUKA
PENGGUNA. PENGGUNA BIASA AKAN HANYA
MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM MELALUI BORANG INI
SAHAJA.

QUERY A QUERY IS ESSENTIALLY A QUESTION. FOR
EXAMPLE, YOU MIGHT ASK, “WHICH RECORDS IN THE
STUDENT TABLE LIVE IN IPOH?” WHEN YOU RUN A
QUERY (THE EQUIVALENT OF ASKING A QUESTION),
ACCESS LOOKS AT ALL THE RECORDS IN THE TABLE
OR TABLES YOU HAVE SPECIFIED, FINDS THOSE THAT
MATCH THE CRITERIA YOU HAVE DEFINED, AND
DISPLAYS THEM IN A DATASHEET.
QUERY ADALAH PERTANYAAN. DUA ATAU LEBIH
TABLE BOLEH BERHUBUNG MELALUI QUERY. NAMUN
SETIAP TABLE PERLU MEMPUNYAI KUNCI PRIMER
YANG SAMA.

REPORT YOU USE REPORTS TO DISPLAY THE INFORMATION
FROM YOUR TABLES IN NICELY FORMATTED, EASILY
ACCESSIBLE WAYS, EITHER ON YOUR COMPUTER
SCREEN OR ON PAPER. A REPORT CAN INCLUDE
ITEMS OF INFORMATION SELECTED FROM MULTIPLE
TABLES AND QUERIES, VALUES CALCULATED FROM
INFORMATION IN THE DATABASE, AND FORMATTING
ELEMENTS SUCH AS HEADERS, FOOTERS, TITLES,
AND HEADINGS.
REPORT ATAU LAPORAN ADALAH HASIL YANG
DIKELUARKAN SETELAH PENGGUNA BEKERJA
MELALUI BORANG ATAU FORM. LAPORAN ADALAH
BERBENTUK KERTAS IAITU BAHAN YANG DICETAK.

RELATIONSHIP IN ACCESS, A RELATIONSHIP IS AN
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN COMMON FIELDS
IN TWO TABLES, AND YOU CAN USE IT TO
RELATE THE INFORMATION IN ONE TABLE
TO THE INFORMATION IN ANOTHER TABLE.
FOR EXAMPLE, IN THE STUDENT DATABASE
A RELATIONSHIP CAN BE ESTABLISHED
BETWEEN THE STUDENT TABLE AND THE
CLASS TABLE BECAUSE BOTH TABLES
HAVE A CLASSID FIELD
HUBUNGAN ADALAH ANTARA DUA ATAU
LEBIH TABLE. HUBUNGAN DILAKUKAN
ANTARA TABLE MELALUI QUERY.

6.2.4 Data manipulation
6.2.4.1 List the basic operations of data manipulation:

1. UPDATE KEMASKINI
2. INSERT LETAK
3. DELETE PADAM
4. RETRIEVE RETRIEVE
5. SORT MEMENDEKKAN
6. FILTER MENAPIS
7. SEARCH MENCARI

6.2.4.2 State the usage of basic
operations in data manipulation.
1. UPDATE
USED FOR CHANGING DATA IN A DATABASE TABLE.
MENGEMASKINI/MENGUBAH DATA DALAM TABLE
2. INSERT
USED FOR ADDING RECORDS TO A DATABASE TABLE.
MENAMBAH REKOD DALAM PANGKALAN ATA TABLE
3. DELETE
USED FOR REMOVING RECORDS FROM A DATABASE TABLE.
DIGUNAKAN UNTUK MEMADAM REKOD DALAM PANGKALAN DATA TABLE
4. RETRIEVE
USED FOR RETRIEVING RECORDS FROM A DATABASE TABLE.
DIGUNAKAN UNTUK RETRIEVE REKOD DALAM PANGKALAN DATA TABLE
5. SORT
USED FOR SORTING RECORDS IN A RECORDS IN A DATABASE TABLE.
BERHUNA UNTUK MEMENDEKKAN REKOD DALAM PANGKALAN DATA TABLE
6. FILTER
USED FOR FILTERING RECORDS FROM A DATABASE TABLE. INSTEAD OF DISPLAYING
ALL THE RECORDS IN A TABLE AND USE A FILTER TO DISPLAY ONLY THOSE RECORDS
THAT YOU WANT TO SEE OR EDIT.
MENAPIS REKOD DALAM PANGKALAN DATA TABLE.
7. SEARCH
USED FOR FINDING RECORD FROM A DATABASE TABLE AND LOCATE ONE OR MORE
RECORDS TO FIND SPECIFIC DATA.
MENCARI REKOD YANG INGINI / DIPERLUKAN

6.3.1 Phases of Systems Development
6.3.1.1 Describe the phases of systems development:

1. ANALYSIS
- SYSTEM DEVELOPERS WILL PERFORM PROBLEM ANALYSIS BY FINDING
OUT THE NEEDS OF TARGET USERS.
- SYSTEM DEVELOPERS ALSO IDENTIFY THE INPUT, PROCESS AND OUTPUT FOR THE
NEW SYSTEM.
- PEREKA SISTEM AKAN MELAKUKAN ANALISIS MASALAH DENGAN MENGENALPASTI KEMAHUAN
PELANGGAN. PEREKA JUGA AKAN MEMASTIKAN INPUT, OUTPUT DAN PROSES UNTUK SISTEM BARU
2. DESIGN
- BASED ON THE NEEDS OF TARGET USERS, THE SYSTEM DEVELOPERS WILL DESIGN AN
ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM (ERD).
- BERDASARKAN KEPERLUAN PENGGUNA DENGAN MEMBUAT DIAGRAM HUBUNGAN.
3. IMPLEMENTATION
- IMPLEMENTATION PHASE IS THE PHASE WHERE SYSTEM DEVELOPERS CREATE DATABASE
USING DATABASE SOFTWARE.
- FASA INI MERUPAKAN FASA PEREKA MEREKACIPTA PANGKALAN DATA MENGGUNAKAN PERISIAN
PANGKALAN DATA.

6.3.1 Phases of Systems Development
6.3.1.1 Describe the phases of systems development:

4. TESTING
- THE SYSTEM WILL BE TESTED BY THE TARGET USERS IN THE TESTING PHASE. IF
THERE IS ANY ERROR DETECTED, THE SYSTEM DEVELOPERS WILL FIX THE ERROR.
- SISTEM AKAN DICUBA DAN JIKA ADA RALAT, PEMBAIKAN AKAN DIBUAT.
5. DOCUMENTATION
- SYSTEM DEVELOPERS WILL PRODUCE THE DOCUMENTS FOR THE PROGRAM DURING
THE DOCUMENTATION PHASE.
- PEREKA AKAN MEMPERSEMBAHKAN DOKUMEN
6. MAINTENANCE
- THE SYSTEM DEVELOPERS CONTINUE TO PROVIDE SUPPORT DURING THE
MAINTENANCE PHASE. THEY MONITOR THE SYSTEM PERFORMANCE AND MAKE
CHANGES WHEN NEEDED.
- PEREKA AKAN SENTIASA MEMASTIKAN SISTEM BERJALAN LANCAR
WALAUPUN SISTEM TELAH DIJUAL

6.3.2 Develop a Database Project

Topic 6.3 – Database Development

• 6.3.2 Develop a Database Project


6.3.2.1 Identify a project.
(BASED ON EXAMPLE :PERSONAL MUSIC COLLECTION
SYSTEM)
(CONTOH PROJEK” SISTEM KOLEKSI MUZIK PERIBADI)

• THE PROBLEM IS : THE NUMBER OF CDS ARE
INCREASING.
• THE SOLUTION IS : TO DO A CATALOGUE

• MASALAH “ JUMLAH CD SEMAKIN BERTAMBAH
• PENYELESAINA MASALAH” MEMBUAT KATALOG


6.3.2.2 Identify the project requirements.
KEPERLUAN PROJEK
• CAN STORE INFORMATION OF ALL THE CDS
• EASY TO USE
• FAST PERFORMANCE
• BOLEH MENYIMPAN SEMUA MAKLUMAT CD
• SENANG DIGUNAKAN
• PRESTASI BAIK, CEPAT DAN LANCAR
6.3.2.3 Classify project requirements into two tables.

• - TABLES: SINGER, SONG AND ALBUM

• - TABLES: PENYANYI, LAGU DAN ALBUM

6.3.2.4 Design databases tables.

6.3.2.5 Design databases tables.

CREATE A DATABESE USING
DATABASES SOTTWARE FOR
EXAMPLE MICROSOFT
ACCESS.
MEMBUAT PANGKALAN DATA
MENGGUNAKAN PERISIAN
MICROSOFT ACCESS

6.3.2.6 Create two tables that include the primary key for each table.

6.3.2.7 Build a relationship between two tables.
.

6.3.2.8 Enter data into the table.
. ISI SEMUA MAKLUMAT MENGIKUT JENIS TABLE
6.3.2.9 Crate a form that relates to the table content.

6.3.2.10 Create a query to retrieve required information with one or more
conditions.

6.3.2.11 Generate a report.

6.3.2.12 Gather all the documents from the above phases into a folio

6.4 current and future development
• 6.4.1 web based application

6.4.1 web based application

6.4.1.1. find out current and future
development in computer information system

ASSESSMENT 13.1

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