1. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
COMP 113
INTERNET FUNDAMENTAL
&
Applications
Chapter I
By
D.Balaganesh
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Credit Hours

2. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
Overview Of Computer
Data
Process
Hardware
Using
Software
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Given
Result

3. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
Definition of Computer
• A computer is an electronic device.
• It can accept data (input), manipulate
(process), and produce information(output).
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College

4. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
General Operations
• Computers can perform four general
operations, which comprise the information
processing cycle:
1. Input.
2. Process.
3. Output.
4. Storage.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College

5. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
Data and Information
• All computer processing requires data,
• Data is a collection of raw facts, figures
and symbols, such as numbers, words,
images, video and sound, given to the
computer during the input phase.
• Computers manipulate data to create
information.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College

6. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
Cont.
• Information is data that is organized,
meaningful, and useful.
• During the output phase, the information that
has been created is put into some form, such
as a printed report.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College

7. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Computer Characteristics
•
•
•
•
•
High speed.
Accuracy.
Reliability.
Mass storage of information.
Communication with other computers
through network like internet.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Credit Hours

8. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Credit Hours

9. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
Primary Components of a computer
•
•
•
•
•
Input devices.
Central Processing Unit.
Memory.
Output devices.
Storage devices.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College

10. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Input devices
•
•
•
•
•
Mouse.
Keyboard.
Touch pad.
Pointing stick.
Scanner.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Credit Hours

11. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
CPU (Central Processing Unit )
• Interprets instructions to the computer,
performs the logical and arithmetic processing
operations, and cause the input and output
operations to occur.
• Performs all the calculations within the
computer.
• CPU speed measured in MHz.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College

12. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
Memory:
• RAM:
Random Access Memory.
Temporary memory.
Electronic components that store data
including numbers, letters, graphics and
sound.
Information stored is lost when the computer
is turned off.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College

13. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Memory
• ROM:
Read Only Memory.
Permanent memory.
Chip that has start-up directions for your
computer.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Credit Hours

14. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Unit of Information
• Bytes
One character takes up about one Byte.
One byte is equal to eight bits.
Bits means binary digit.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Credit Hours

15. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Cont.
1 Bit = 0 or 1
8 Bits = 1 Bytes
1024 Bytes = 1 KB
1024 KB = 1 MB
1024 MB = 1 GB
1024 GB = 1 TB
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Credit Hours

16. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Output Devices
• Computer screen.
• Printer.
• Speaker.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Credit Hours

17. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Storage Devices
•
•
•
•
•
Floppy Disks
Compact Disks (CD)
Hard Disk
Digital versatile Disk (DVD)
Flash Disk
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Credit Hours

18. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
Comparing Types of Memory Storage Devices
• Sometimes storage is a trade off between
speed, capacity, price and reliability.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College

19. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
Hardware and Software
• Hardware:
The term hardware refers to the physical
components of you computer such as the
computer screen, mouse, keyboard etc…
• Software:
Computer software is the key to productive
use of computers.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College

20. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Types of Software
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Credit Hours

21. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
Software
• The computer hardware on its own has no
intelligence and therefore must be supplied with
instructions to perform any task.
• Software or programs, consist of step-by-step
instructions that tell the computer how to perform a
task.
• Software is divided into two main categories:
– system software and
– application software.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College

22. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Types of Software
•Operating System Software.
•Application Software.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Credit Hours

23. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Operating System Software
• It is a program that
controls the computer
and enables it to run
application software.
• It allows the computer
to manage its internal
resources.
• The software runs the
basic computer
operations – it tells the
hardware what to do,
how to do it, andD.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
when
Credit Hours

24. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Operating System Software
• Examples of Operating
system software:
 Windows XP
 Windows Vista
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College
Credit Hours

25. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
Application Software
Consists of programs that tell a computer
how to produce information.
Some of the more commonly used
packages are:
 Word processing.
 Electronic spreadsheet.
 Presentation.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College

26. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
Application Software
• This is software that help the user carry out
specific task such as word-processing,
spreadsheet, databases and presentation
software.
• Application fall under two styles
– Tailor-made: software designed for the particular
customer.
– Off-the-shelf: for use by the general public
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College

27. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
Application Software
• MS Word ( Word Processing ):
 Word Processing software is used to create
and print documents
• Spreadsheet ( MS Excel )
Electronic spreadsheet software allows the
user to add, subtract, and perform userdefined calculations on rows and columns of
numbers. These numbers can be changed and
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College

28. Subject Name
Internet Fundamental and Applications
Code
Credit Hours
MS Powerpoint ( Presentation)
• MS Powerpoint allows the user to create
documents called slides to be used in making
the presentation.
D.Balaganesh Lincoln University College