- NoSQL databases like MongoDB, Neo4j, and DynamoDB are schema-less, horizontally scalable, and support document-oriented and graph-like data structures. - MongoDB is a popular open-source document-oriented NoSQL database that uses JSON-like documents with dynamic schemas. - Python libraries like PyMongo, neo4j, and boto provide connectors for interacting with MongoDB, Neo4j, and DynamoDB from Python applications. - Phunka Technologies uses MongoDB to build applications including a food search engine that aggregates data from various sources and Neo4j for recommendation matching.