5. • The first working 3D printer was invented
in 1984 by Carl Deckard Hull of 3D
Systems Corp
3D PRINTING
• He named the technique as Stereo lithography and
obtained a patent for the technique in 1986.
Carl Deckard
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7. Additive Manufacturing
It is a method of
converting a virtual 3D
model into a physical
object.
Where a 3D object is
created by laying down
successive layers of
material
3D + Printing = 3D Printing
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8. Requirements for 3D Printing
3D Printer
Raw Material
3D Printing software/ CAD
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17. Stereo lithography is an additive manufacturing process using a vat of
liquid UV-curable photopolymer ”resin” and a UV laser to build parts a
layer at a time.
Stereo Lithography Apparatus
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20. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing
technology wherein a plastic filament is melted and extruded
through a nozzle. Parts are built by laying down layer-by-layer.
Fused deposition modeling (FDM)
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23. Selective laser sintering (SLS) is an additive manufacturing technique that
uses a high power laser (for example, a carbon dioxide laser) to fuse small
particles of plastic, metal (direct metal laser sintering),ceramic or glass
powders into a mass that has a desired 3-dimensional shape).
Selective Laser Sintering
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26. In Polymer Jetting inkjet print heads are used to jet liquid photopolymers onto a
build platform. The material is immediately cured by UV lamps and solidified which
allows to build layers on top of each other.
Polymer Jetting
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29. In Digital Light Processing (DLP) UV laser is cures a liquid photopolymer in a
vat. The part is built by lowering the build platform into the vat. ( TOP DOWN
Approach )
Digital Light Processing (DLP)
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35. SLA SLS Polyjet CLIP
Speed(mm/h) 4 15 17 471
475
450
425
400
375
350
325
300
275
250
225
200
175
150
125
100
75
50
25
0
500
Speed(mm/h)
This 51 mm diameter complex shaped structure was
produced with CLIP in 6.5 minutes
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36. What Drives the Quality
- High resolution DLP system
- Layerless process due to ”deadzone” formation
- Software controlling the parameters
- Material choice
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50. RAPID PROTOTYPING: 3D printing gives designers the ability to quickly
turn concepts into 3D models or prototypes (a.k.a., rapid prototyping).
Clean process. Wastage of material is negligible.
Complex shape can be produced .
EASY TO USE No skilled person needed.
REDUCE DESIGN COMPLEXITY
CHEAP Cheaper process than any other process.
People in remote locations can fabricate objects that would otherwise be
inaccessible to them.
ADVANTAGES
50
51. Process is slow (except CLIP)
Components do not have enough strength.
COST OF RAW MATERIALS
3-D printers are still expensive.
Misuse of technology
Although 3-D printers have the potential of creating many
jobs and opportunities, they might also put certain jobs at
risk .
Example
(for example, you can make your toys at home so toy stores and
toy makers might go out of business).
DISADVANTAGES
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52. With today's 3D printers, if you lose your TV remote's battery cover
you can print a replacement battery cover. With tomorrow's, if you
lose your remote, you'll be able to print a new remote.
3D printers are always getting cheaper and better.
There is currently research going on to create 3D printers that
could print out organs for people in need of a transplant.
Within a decade, 3D printers will become commonplace in houses.
The benefits of such technology are endless.
FUTURE
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55. Know your baby before its born…
Tomohiro Kinoshita , of FASOTEC, the company
offering the 'Shape of an Angel' model, even offers
parents a miniature version which could be a 'nice
adornment to a mobile phone strap or key chain.'55
57. To prepare for a future where parts
can be built on-demand in space,
Made in Space, the space
manufacturing company, has
partnered with NASA’s Marshall Space
Flight Center to launch the first 3D
printer to space. Made in Space’s
customized 3D printer will be the first
device to manufacture parts away
from planet Earth. The 3D printing in
Zero-G Experiment will validate the
capability of additive manufacturing
(AM) in zero-gravity.
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58. Relatively New Technology.
No restrictions on industry.
Significant decrease in product development cycle and
costs.
Full effects on business and society still not know.
CONCLUSION
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