Corruption

1. Presented By:
Aakreeti
Bikram Kumar Mandal
Bikas Chandra Sadashiv

2. Corruption
Spiritual or moral impurity or deviation
from an ideal
Dishonest conduct by those in power
Misuse of official power for personal
gain

3. Types of corruption
• Grand corruption
• Petty corruption
• Political Corruption

4. Grand corruption
 corruption occurring at the highest levels of
government
 enabling leaders to benefit at the expense of
the public good
 countries without adequate policing of
corruption by anti-corruption agencies.

5. Petty corruption
 occurs within established social frameworks
and governing norms
 include exchange of small gifts or use of
personal connections
 common in developing countries

6. Political Corruption
 Use of power by government officials for
private gain
 Misuse of government power for other
purposes, such as repression of political
opponents is not considered political
corruption

7. Different Sectors
 Government/Public Sector
 Legislative System (Political)
 Executive System (Police)
 Judiciary System
 Corporate
 Unions
 Non-Government Organizations

8. Methods
Bribery
Favouritism
Embezzlement, theft and fraud
Tax evasion

9. Bribery
Common form of corruption
Improper use of gifts and favours in
exchange for personal gain
Include money, gifts, sexual favours,
company shares, entertainment,
employment and political benefits

10. Favouritism
 Involve the favouring a friend, family
member or member of an association
 Examples include choosing somebody for a
role they are not qualified for, regardless of
merit

11. Embezzlement, theft and fraud
 Embezzlement and theft involve someone
with access to funds or assets illegally taking
control of them
 Fraud involves using deception to convince
the owner of funds or assets to give them up
to an unauthorized party.

12. Tax evasion
 An illegal practice where a person,
organization or corporation intentionally
avoids paying his/her/its true tax liability
 Under-reporting income
 Providing false information to the IRS about
business income or expenses

13. Facts
 In 2012 India has ranked 94th out of 176
countries in Transparency International's
Corruption Perceptions Index**, Scoring 36
out of 100
 A 2005 study conducted by Transparency
International found that more than 62% of
Indians had first-hand experience of paying
bribes or influence peddling to get jobs
done in public offices successfully
**The Corruption Perceptions Index ranks countries/territories based on how corrupt
a country’s public sector is perceived to be.

14. Effects
Inflation
Inferior public infrastructure
Loss of faith in democracy
Environmental degradation

15. Ways to fight corruption
Educating common people
Bringing awareness among people
Strict laws
Protecting whistleblowers