1. d
n
m
o
k
6
e
i
b
o
DENIMIST
2011
DNMSTDENIMDESINGFASHIONARTLIFE
ENZYME
DB
DENIM BOOK
D E N I M I S T
2. DB
DENIM B O O K
DENIMIST
T U R K E Y
Since
decades
Denimist
has
developed
know-‐how
in
denim
finishing
prior
to
garment
manufacturing
and
also
in
jeans
washing.
Our
customers
derive
benefit
from
this
experience.For
the
fabric
production
we
offer
finishing
chemicals
which
provide
the
demanded
fabric
properties
such
as
good
sewability,
stiffness,elasticity
and
handle.
The
other
field
of
our
activity
is
the
recommendation
of
laundring
Procedures
for
ready-‐made
clothing
such
as
trousers,
jackets
or
skirts,
shirts.
In
doing
so
we
have
learned
that
many
errors
may
occur
in
this
complicated
production
process.
The
laundry,
the
last
step
in
the
sequence
of
producers,
is
faced
to
difficulties
which
are
caused
by
previous
inaccuracies.
Therefore,
a
good
cooperation
among
the
steps
of
jeans
manufacturing
is
required
to
avoid
problems.
Fabric
producer,
garment
manufacturer
and
laundries
have
to
work
together
to
obtain
the
desired
end
result.
By
means
of
our
contacts
on
both
sides
of
the
production
process
we
are
able
to
make
our
contribution.
The
technical
stuff
of
Denimist
is
always
ready
to
help
our
customers
with
eventual
problems
and
to
modify
production
procedures
according
to
the
respective
requirements.
Through
our
numerous
contacts
which
we
have
got
with
denim
producers,
garment
manufacturers
and
laundries
during
the
years
we
support
the
team
work
among
all
sections
of
the
jeans
chain
and
make
our
know-‐how
available
to
all
of
the
parties
concerned
3. DB
DENIM B O O K
WHAT
ARE
ENZYMES
Enzymes
are
proteins.
Like
other
proteins,
enzymes
consist
of
long
chains
of
amino
acids
held
together
by
peptide
bonds.
They
are
present
in
all
living
cells,
where
they
perform
a
vital
function
by
controlling
the
metabolic
processes
whereby
nutrients
are
converted
into
energy
and
fresh
cell
material.
Furthermore,
enzymes
take
part
in
the
breakdown
of
food
material
into
simpler
compounds.
Some
of
the
best
known
enzymes
are
those
found
in
the
digestive
tract
where
pepsin,
trypsin
and
peptidases
breakdown
proteins
into
amino
acids,
lipases
split
fats
into
glycerol
and
fatty
acids,
and
amylases
breakdown
starch
into
simple
sugars.
4. DBDENIM B O O K
Enzymes
are
basically
biocatalysts.
Enzymes
are
capable
of
performing
these
tasks
because,
unlike
food
proteins
such
as
egg
albumin,
gelatine
or
soya
protein,
they
help
to
catalyze
reactions.
This
means
that
by
their
mere
presence,
and
without
being
consumed
in
the
process,
enzymes
can
speed
up
chemical
processes
that
would
otherwise
run
very
slowly,
if
at
all
ENZYME
PROPERTIES
1.
Enzymes
are
specific
Contrary
to
inorganic
catalysts
such
as
acids,
bases,
metals
and
metal
oxides,
enzymes
are
very
specific.
In
other
words,
each
enzyme
can
breakdown
or
synthesize
one
particular
compound.
In
some
cases,
they
limit
their
action
to
specific
bonds
in
the
compound
with
which
they
react.
Most
proteases,
for
instance,
can
breakdown
several
types
of
protein,
but
in
each
protein
molecule
only
certain
bonds
will
be
cleaved
depending
on
which
enzyme
is
used.
2.
Enzymes
are
very
efficient
catalysts
For
example,
the
enzyme
catalase,
which
is
found
abundantly
in
the
liver
and
in
the
red
blood
cells,
is
so
efficient
that
in
one
minute
one
enzyme
molecule
can
catalyze
the
breakdown
of
five
million
molecules
of
hydrogen
peroxide
to
water
and
oxygen.
3.
Origin
-‐
natural
source
Enzymes
are
present
in
all
biological
systems.
They
come
from
natural
systems
and
when
they
are
degraded,
the
amino
acids
of
which
they
are
made
of
can
be
readily
absorbed
back
into
nature.
4.
Enzymes
work
only
on
renewable
raw
material
Fruits,
cereals,
milk,
fats,
meat,
cotton,
leather
and
wood
are
some
typical
candidates
for
enzymatic
conversion
in
industry.
Both
the
usable
products
and
the
waste
of
most
enzymatic
reactions
are
non-‐toxic
and
readily
broken
down.
5. DB
DENIM B O O K
HOW
ENZYMES
WORK
In
enzymatic
reactions,the
molecule
at
the
beginning
of
the
process
is
called
substrate
.
While
this
molecule
is
changed
into
the
final
molecule
called
substate
its
self-‐
structure
doesn’t
change.As
long
as
the
enzymes
keep
their
activation,this
reactions
repeats.
The
relation
between
the
ezyme
and
the
substrate
is
similar
with
the
lock-‐key
relation.
Just
like
1
key
opens
1
door
lock,there
is
1
specific
enzyme
for
1
substrate.E.g.
catalaze
enzymes
are
for
peroxide
and
do
not
damage
tocellulose
while
breaking
peroxide.Cellulases
also
do
not
damage
peroxide
while
breaking
cellulose.
6. DB
DENIM B O O K
CRITICAL
POINTS
OF
USING
ENZYMES
• There
are
some
parameters
to
be
cautious
• About
enzymatic
processes.
•
Ph
•
Temperature
•
Time
•
Inactivators
such
as
heavy
metals
7. DB
DENIM B O O K
NEED
OF
ENZYMES
IN
THE
TEXTILE
INDUSTRY
The
textile
processing
industry
is
classified
into
Textile
Fabric
Processing
and
Wet
Garment
Processing
to
give
various
finishes
to
fabric
different
auxiliaries,
polymers,
dyes,
specialty
chemicals
are
being
used
abundantly.
These
chemical
sare
hazardous
in
nature.
Many
of
them
are
carcinogenic
and
very
dangerous
to
handle,
putting
life
at
risk.
Most
of
them
are
not
eco-‐friendly.
Due
to
such
hazards,
the
government
and
regulatory
bodies
are
banning
textile
processing
using
such
chemicals
or
the
release
of
waste
liquor
into
nature.
The
use
of
enzymes
is
the
ONLY
feasible
solution
to
counteract
such
problems
faced
by
industrialists
today.
Enzymes
can
be
used
to
replace
hazardous
chemicals,
thus
saving
energy
and
preventing
pollution.
They
are
also
highly
specific,
which
means
fewer
unwanted
side
effects
and
creation
of
by-‐products
in
the
production
process.
Enzymes
themselves
are
biodegradable,
so
they
are
readily
absorbed
back
into
nature.
The
advantages
of
enzymes
being
used
in
textile
industry
are
as
below:
•
Increasing
the
speed
of
reactions.
•
They
ensure
the
reactions
to
be
happening
in
mild
conditions.
•
Enzymes
provide
the
possibilities
of
the
control
of
the
processes.
• Natural
and
biologically
degradeableç
ENZYMATIC
DESIZING
OF
COTTON
FABRIC
Although
many
different
compounds
have
been
used
to
size
fabric
over
the
years,
starch
has
been
the
most
common
sizing
agent
for
more
than
a
century
and
this
is
still
the
case
today,
though
use
of
PVA
and
gums
is
on
the
rise.
After
8. DB
DENIM B O O K
weaving,
the
size
must
be
removed
to
prepare
the
fabric
for
the
finishing
steps
of
bleaching
or
dyeing.
Enzymes
are
used
for
desizing
woven
fabrics
because
of
their
highly
efficient
and
specific
way
of
desizing
without
harming
the
yarn
.
As
an
example,
desizing
on
a
jigger
is
a
simple
method
where
the
fabric
from
one
roll
is
processed
in
a
bath
and
re-‐wound
on
another
roll.
First,
the
sized
fabric
is
washed
in
hot
water
(80-‐
95°C)
to
gelatinise
the
starch.
The
desizing
liquor
is
then
adjusted
to
pH
5.5-‐7.5
and
a
temperature
of
60-‐80°Cdepending
on
the
enzyme.
The
fabric
then
goes
through
an
impregnation
stage
before
the
amylase
is
added.
Degraded
starch
in
the
form
of
dextrins
is
then
removed
by
washing
at
90-‐95°C
for
two
minutes.
The
jigger
process
is
a
batch
process.
By
contrast,
in
modern
continuous
high-‐speed
processes,
the
reaction
time
for
the
enzyme
may
be
as
short
as
15
seconds.
De
sizing
on
pad
rolls
is
continuous
in
terms
of
the
passage
of
the
fabric.
However,
a
holding
time
of
2-‐16
hours
at
20-‐60°C
is
required
using
low-‐temperature
alpha-‐
amylases
before
the
size
is
removed
in
washing
chambers.
With
high-‐temperature
amylases,
de
sizing
reactions
can
be
performed
in
steam
chambers
at
95-‐100°C
or
even
higher
temperatures
to
allow
a
fully
continuous
process.
Denilase
TITAN
Denim
fabric
is
a
yarn
dyed
fabric
.
It
is
dyed
as
hank
Dyeing
and
then
weaved.
Sizes
are
applied
on
the
fabric
to
avoid
the
breaking
and
the
dusting
due
to
the
high
speed
and
friction
of
the
shuttle.
For
this
purpose
,
synthetic
sizing
substances
are
used
such
as
CMC
or
starch
and
Its
derivatives.
The
crucial
point
of
washing
starts
from
here
because
for
a
crease-‐free
and
abrasion-‐free
washing
,
the
sizing
Substances
must
be
taken
off.
This
process
is
easy
on
synthetic
sizing
substances
as
They
will
be
removed
by
Washing.But
when
starch
based
sizes
are
used,
The
situation
will
Be
changed
as
starch
is
Insoluble
in
water
and
must
Be
broken.
For
this
process
alfa
-‐
amylase
enzymes
are
wildly
used.
9. DBDENIM B O O K
De
sizing
enzymes
are
obtained
from
bacterias
and
sensitive
to
pH
and
temperature
.Otherwise
they
can
not
be
properly
activated.
Denılase
TITAN
can
arrange
its
pH
in
water
but
still
the
pH
of
the
bath
is
needed
to
be
arranged
Between
6-‐7.5
Denılase
TITAN
is
effected
by
temperature
as
below.
In
this
point
there
is
a
very
crutial
point
which
is
to
be
very
careful
about
the
steaming
contacting
the
enzyme,otherwise
the
enzyme
loses
its
activation.
Denılase
TITAN
is
most
effective
at
the
temperature
of
55-‐90°C
but
for
a
Controlled
process
the
recommended
temperature
is
55-‐60°C.
Desizing
Recipe
0.5
-‐
1
g/L
Denilase
TITAN
(
amylase
enzyme
)
0.5
-‐
1
g/L
Deniwet
ZEN
(
wetting
agent
)
0.5
-‐
1
g/L
Denispers
DISPER
(
dispersing
agent
)
Temp
:
55-‐60
°C
pH
:
6.5
-‐
7
Time
:
10
min
If
you
thınk
alfa
amylases
as
key
theır
lock
ıs
starch.
they
change
the
form
of
starchto
a
water
soluable
structure
The
maın
dıfference
at
alfa
amylases
ıs
temparature
stabılıty.
so
we
can
classıfy
alfa
amylases
as
termo-‐stabıl
and
non-‐termo
stabıl
groups.
10. DBDENIM B O O K
ENZYMES
FOR
DENIM
FINISHING
Most
denim
jeans
or
other
denim
garments
are
subjected
to
a
wash
treatment
to
give
them
a
slightly
worn
look.
In
the
traditional
stonewashing
process,
the
blue
denim
is
faded
bythe
abrasive
action
of
lightweight
pumice
stones
on
the
gar-‐
ment
surface,
which
removes
some
of
the
dye.
However,
too
much
abrasion
can
damage
the
fabric,
particularly
hems
and
waistbands.
This
is
why
denim
finishers
today
use
cellulases
to
accelerate
the
abrasion
by
loosening
the
indigo
dye
on
the
denim.
Since
a
small
dose
of
enzyme
can
replace
several
kilograms
of
stones,
the
use
of
fewer
stones
results
in
less
damage
to
garments,
less
wear
on
machines,
and
less
pumice
dust
in
the
working
environment.
Productivity
canalso
be
increased
through
laundry
machines
containing
few-‐
er
stones
but
more
garments.
11. DB
DENIM B O O K
With
a
stone-‐free
process,
the
need
for
the
removal
of
dust
and
small
stones
from
the
fin-‐
ished
garment
is
reduced.
There
is
also
no
sediment
in
the
wastewater,
which
can
otherwise
block
drains
The
mode
of
action
of
cellulases
is
shown
in
Figure
3.
Denim
garments
are
dyed
with
indigo,
which
adheres
to
the
surface
of
the
yarn.
The
cellulase
molecule
binds
to
an
exposed
fibril(bundles
of
fibrils
make
up
a
fibre)
on
the
surface
of
the
yarn
and
hydrolyses
it,
but
leaving
the
interior
part
of
the
cotton
fibre
intact.
When
the
cellulases
partly
hydrolyse
the
surface
of
the
fibre,
the
indigo
is
partly
removed
and
light
areas
are
created.
Both
neutral
cellulases
acting
at
pH
6-‐8
and
acid
cellulases
acting
at
pH
4-‐6
are
used
for
the
abrasion
of
denim.
There
are
a
number
of
cellulases
available,
each
with
its
own
spe-‐
cial
properties.
These
can
be
used
either
alone
or
in
combi-‐
nation
in
order
to
obtain
a
specific
look.
Practical,
ready-‐to-‐
use
formulations
containing
enzymes
are
available.
Application
research
in
this
area
is
focused
on
preventing
or
enhancing
backstaining
depending
on
the
style
required.
Backstaining
is
defined
as
the
redeposition
of
released
indigo
onto
the
garments.
This
effect
is
very
important
in
denim
fin-‐
ishing.
Backstaining
at
low
pH
values
(pH
4-‐6)
is
relatively
high,
whereas
it
is
significantly
lower
in
the
neutral
pH
range.
Neutral
cellulases
are
therefore
often
used
when
the
objective
is
minimal
backstaining
Enzymes
have
opened
up
new
possibilities
in
denim
finishing
by
increasing
the
variety
of
finishes
available.
For
example,
it
is
now
possible
to
fade
denim
to
a
greater
degree
without
running
the
risk
of
damaging
the
garment.The
denim
industry
is
driven
by
fashion
trends.
The
various
cellulases
available
for
modifying
the
surface
of
denim
give
fashion
designers
a
pallet
of
possibilities
for
creating
new
shades
and
finishes.
The
combination
of
new
looks,
lower
costs,
shorter
treatment
times
and
less
solid
waste
has
made
abrasion
with
enzymes
the
most
widely
used
fading
process
today.
Incidentally,
since
the
denim
fabric
is
always
sized,
the
complete
process
also
includes
desizing
of
the
denim
gar-‐
ment.
12. DB
DENIM B O O K
CELLULASES
FOR
THE
BIOPOLISHING
OF
COTTON
FABRIC
AND
LYOCELL
Cotton
and
other
natural
and
man-‐
made
cellulosic
fibres
can
be
improved
by
an
enzymatic
treatment
called
Biopolishing.
The
main
advantage
of
Bio-‐
polishing
is
the
prevention
of
pilling.
Cellulases
hydrolyse
the
microfibrils
(hair
or
fuzz)
protruding
from
the
surface
of
yarn
because
they
are
most
susceptible
to
enzymatic
attack.
This
weakens
the
microfibrils,
which
tend
to
break
off
from
the
main
body
of
the
fibre
and
leave
a
smoother
yarn
surface.
A
ball
of
fuzz
is
called
a
'pill'
in
the
textile
trade.
These
pills
can
present
a
serious
quality
problem
since
they
result
in
an
unattractive,
knotty
appearance.
After
biopolishing,
the
fabric
shows
a
much
lower
pilling
tendency.
13. DBDENIM B O O K
Other
benefits
of
removing
fuzz
are
Cotton
and
other
natural
and
man-‐
made
cellulosic
fibres
can
be
improved
by
an
enzymatic
treatment
called
Bio
polishing.
The
main
advantage
of
Bio-‐
polishing
is
the
prevention
of
pilling.
Cellulases
hydrolyse
the
microfibrils
(hair
or
fuzz)
protruding
from
the
surface
of
yarn
because
they
are
most
susceptible
to
enzymatic
attack.
This
weakens
the
microfibrils,
which
tend
to
break
off
from
the
main
body
of
the
fibre
and
leave
a
smoother
yarn
surface.
A
ball
of
fuzz
is
called
a
'pill'
in
the
textile
trade.
These
pills
can
present
a
serious
quality
problem
since
they
result
in
an
unattractive,
knotty
appearance.
After
bio
polishing,
the
fabric
shows
a
much
lower
pilling
tendency.
Other
benefits
of
removing
fuzz
are
a
softer,
smoother
feel
and
superior
colour
brightness.
Unlike
conventional
softeners,
which
tend
to
be
washed
out
and
often
result
in
a
greasy
feel,
the
softness-‐enhancing
effects
of
bio
polishing
are
washproof
and
non-‐greasy.
For
cotton
fabrics,
the
use
of
bio
polishing
is
optional
for
upgrading
the
fabric.
However,
bio
polishing
is
almost
essential
for
the
new
polynosic
fibre
lyocell
(the
leading
make
is
known
by
the
trade
name
Tencel®).
Lyocell
is
made
from
wood
pulp
and
is
characterised
by
a
tendency
to
fibrillate
easily
when
wet.
In
simple
terms,
fibrils
on
the
surface
of
the
fibre
peel
up.
If
they
are
not
removed,
finished
garments
made
with
lyocell
will
end
up
covered.
14. DB
DENIM B O O K
in
pills.
This
is
the
reason
why
lyo
cell
fabric
is
treated
with
cellulases
during
finishing.
Cellulases
also
enhance
the
attractive,
silky
appearance
of
lyocell.
Lyocell
was
invented
in
1991
by
Courtaulds
Fibres
(now
Acordis,
part
of
Akzo
Nobel)
and
at
the
time
was
the
first
new
man-‐made
fibre
created
in
30
years
CELLULOSE
ENZYMES
(
STONE
AND
ANTI-‐PILLING
ENZYMES
)
They
are
used
for
making
the
surface
of
the
fabric
smoother
and
giving
stone
affect
on
denim
fabrics.
Cellulase
enzyme
is
not
only
a
single
enzyme
but
an
enzyme
which
is
working
on
polymeric
cellulose
molecule.
The
synergic
movement
of
these
2
cellulose
types
on
cotton
fibres
in
convenient
conditions
continues
till
the
cellulose
is
completely
soluble
in
water.
But
this
is
not
required
practically.
Perfect
control
in
applications
ensure
perfect
effects.
The
parameters
which
effect
the
desired
affects
are;machine
type
,liquor
ratio
,machine
rpm
,the
hardness
of
the
water,deactivation
substances
in
water,
yarn
quality,structure
of
the
fabric,gsp
of
the
fabric.
NEUTRAL
CELLULOSE
ENZYMES
(
STONE
ENZYMES
)
Denilase
COLD
Denilase
HOT
Neutral
Cellulases
:
Active
at
pH
6-‐8
•
Less
effective
than
Acid
cellulases
•
Less
bleeding
•
pH
6
-‐
8.0
• They
remove
the
indigo
by
effecting
the
surface
of
the
denim
• They
break
the
fibres
on
the
surface
of
the
fabric
• They
make
the
surface
of
the
fabric
lighter
15. DBDENIM B O O K
ACID
CELLULASE(
BIOPOLISHING
)
Denipill
ANNY
Denipill
AP
CONC
Denipill
AP
Denipill
DP
100
Denipill
DP
200
They
are
used
for
getting
a
better
surface
on
the
fabric.They
have
different
names
in
different
application
points.
•
Anti
Pill
Wash
•
De-‐pill
Wash
•
Flat
Wash
•
Biopolishing
•
Bioplolishing
processes
are
done
by
acid
cellulases.
•
Operating
between
ph
4.5
–
5.5
•
They
attack
on
cellulose
and
break
them
on
their
weakest
point.
•
Usually
in
liquid
form
and
buffer-‐free.
•
Their
activation
must
be
ended
at
the
end
of
the
process;
By
using
alkali
or
increasing
the
temperature
over
70
ºC
Biofinish
is
becoming
more
popular
recently.The
advantages
of
this
process
are;better
handle,smooth
fabric
surface,softness,less
pilling,
a
brighter
fabric
surface.
If
this
process
is
done
after
dyeing,as
large
dyestuff
molecules
are
bound
to
cellulose
by
covalent
binds,the
efficiency
of
the
enzyme
falls
down
and
more
quantity
of
enzyme
must
be
used
to
get
the
same
affects
at
the
same
period
of
time.
16. DB
DENIM B O O K
Biofinishing
can
cause
a
decrease
on
the
strength
and
weight
of
the
fabric.The
amount
of
the
strength
loss
of
the
fibers
during
enzymatic
process
are
as
below:
Lyocell
<
viscon
<
cotton
<
linen
Another
problem
for
the
tube
formed
fabrics
during
the
biopolishing
is
that
undesired
fibers
are
collected
inner
side
of
the
fabric
and
can
cause
some
other
problems
in
the
17. DBDENIM B O O K
LACCASE
ENZYME
Denilase
AMON
Denilase
AMON-‐X
•
It
is
a
kind
of
enzymatic
bleaching
•
It
gives
lighter
shades
without
using
a
bleaching
agent.
•
Gives
grey
cast.
•
Gives
high
contrast.
No
strength
loss.
Indigo
dyestuff
becomes
soluble
in
water
by
oxydoreductase
(Denilase
AMON-‐X)
and
can
be
removed
from
the
fabric
by
rinsing.
This
process
must
be
supported
by
the
mediator
which
is
inside
of
the
product.
pH
5.5
–
6.5
is
required
for
bleaching
and
doesn’t
cause
any
problem
on
the
leather
or
metallic
accsesories.
18. DBDENIM B O O K
But
this
enzyme
is
specific
for
Indigo
dyestuff.Sulphur
and
reactive
dyestuffs
can
not
be
bleached
by
Denilase
AMON-‐X
.As
the
enzyme
is
effective
for
the
dyestuff,the
strength
loss
of
the
fabric
is
nearly
Due
to
the
pH-‐value
of
5.5
–
6.5
which
is
necessary
for
this
bleaching
process
stickers
made
of
leather
and
metal
are
treated
carefully
as
well
as
the
garment
itself.
Sulphur
and
reactive
dyestuffs
are
not
affected
by
this
bleaching
system.
It
is
specific
to
indigo
dyestuff.
This
means
there
is
no
attack
to
the
cotton
fibre
and
so
nearly
there
is
no
loss
in
tensile
strength.
Without
any
particular
after-‐scouring
or
after-‐bleaching
a
greyer
colour
shade
compared
to
other
bleaching
systems
–
especially
chlorine
bleaching
-‐
is
obtained.
A
clearer
shade
may
be
achieved
by
after-‐bleaching
with
hydrogen
peroxide.
It
is
essential
to
rinse
and
wash
after
bleaching.
Then,
a
softener
is
applied
on
the
garment
and
finished
as
normal
When
compared
with
other
bleaching
processes
(especially
chlorite
process),it
gives
a
greyer
cast
without
any
additional
washing
or
bleaching
processesIf
a
brighter
and
more
specific
cast
is
required,an
additional
process
with
peroxide
is
recommended.
Rinsing
and
washing
is
done
after
the
bleaching
and
then
softening
and
the
other
finishing
processes
are
applied.
Laccase
Enzymes
Recipe:
%
0,5
–
1
:
Denilase
AMON
-‐X
pH.:5.5
Temperature
:
60
º
C
20
-‐
25
min.
Drain
-‐
Rinse
–
45
º
C
–
2
min
19. DB
DENIM BOOK
Head
Office
:
Kazimiye
Mah.
Karadeniz
Cad.
Kiliçoğlu
Al@n
Evler
No:
37/5/21
Çorlu
/
Tekirdağ
/
TURKEY
Ph:
90
282
673
62
40
Fax
:
90
282
673
59
75
eyup@denimist.com.tr
Factory
:
Motor
Yerleri
Mevkii
E-‐5
Uzeri
Ulaş
/
Corlu
/
Tekirdag
/
TURKEY
mustafa@denimist.com.tr
Pakistan
:
Plot
No:
2/C
Lane
No:
3
Itehad
Coom
Phase
–
VI
D.H.A
Karachi
/
PAKISTAN
Ph:
92-‐21-‐37820980
–
35348720
Cell
:
92-‐300-‐214430
tanveer@denimist.com.tr
Bangladesh
:
Road
36
,
House
15,
F4,
Gulshan
2,
Dhaka
/BANGLADESH
Cell:
8801741393879
serkan@denimist.com.tr