1. B O N N E V I L L E P O W E R A D M I N I S T R A T I O N
Integrating Renewables
Ocean Renewable Energy:
Why Would Anyone Buy It?
Washington State Ocean Energy Conference
November 8-9, 2011
Bremerton, WA
John Schaad
Customer Service Engineering,
Generation Integration -
Bonneville Power Administration
Transmission Services
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2. What is the Value of Ocean Energy?
1. Ocean Energy as an Alternative Ancillary Service for
Balancing Wind Generation “Variability”
2. Offshore Ocean Energy as a “Non- Wires”
Alternative to: 1)Building New 500-kV East-West
Transmission to provide more ATC for New Wind
Energy, and 2) Building costly coastal transmission
system reinforcements such as new Static Var
Compensators, and new 230-kV and 500-kV lines to
serve coastal area load growth.
3. Ocean Energy -- Cost Comparisons showing cost-
effectiveness for State Renewable Portfolio
Standards Fulfillment ------ (WA, OR, CA)
4. Other Concepts?
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3. Growth of Wind in BPA Balancing Authority
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5. Behavior Traits Volatile Ramping Behavior
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6. BPA Balancing Authority Load and Total Generation
Winter 2011
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7. FCRPS (A Large, but Limited, Machine)
 Demands on Federal Columbia River
Power System (FCRPS):
– Meet ESA requirements
– Serve load
– Meet non-power requirements
– Support variable generation
 BPA Balancing Authority uses FCRPS to
supply Balancing Reserves required to
integrate wind generation
 FCRPS ability to supply balancing
reserves is limited; it can supply roughly
the following amount of balancing
reserves for wind: 1000 MW of DECs
and 1000 MW of INCs
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8. Increase the Pool of Balancing Reserves
 The ability for the FCRPS to supply Balancing
Reserves is limited. The greatest resource
need is developing additional sources of
balancing reserve capacity
– Developing the ability to supplement the
FCRPS by acquiring balancing services from
the region’s natural gas facilities is important.
– BPA began exploring this third-party supply
concept in September 2010 with a three month
purchase of 75 megawatts of DEC imbalance
reserves from Calpine.
– BPA currently has an Request for Proposals
asking for additional DEC bids.
– In the future, BPA will be looking at acquiring
INCs along with DECs.
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9. Customer Supplied Generation Imbalance
 BPA has developed systems and processes to enable
customers to self-supply a portion of their within hour
balancing requirements from their own and/or
contracted dispatchable resources for one or more
wind plants. Under the CSGI Service:
– Participant supplies its own Generation Imbalance.
– BPA continues to supply load following and
regulation.
 Currently, approximately 1400 MWs of wind is
supplying its own Generation Imbalance, reducing the
balancing reserves that BPA must supply by more
than 150 MWs.
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10. Supplemental Service
 The Supplemental Service allows wind customers to
acquire balancing service that is of a higher quality than
that supported by the BPA balancing resources which,
when exhausted, result in DSO-216 curtailment/limit
instructions.
 Under Supplemental Service:
– Wind customers may acquire and use additional
balancing reserves in addition to the balancing
reserves provided by BPA.
– The additional reserve capacity for this service will be
provided from non-federal resources either supplied
by the customer or purchased by BPA on the
customer’s behalf.
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11. 1. Alternative Wind Balancing
Resource
Ocean Energy as an Alternative
Ancillary Service for Balancing
Wind Generation “Variability”
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14. 2. Possible Lower-Cost Alternative
to Costly System Upgrades
Offshore Ocean Energy as a “Non- Wires” Alternative
to Building New 500-kV East-West Transmission
to provide additional ATC for New Wind Energy,
or Adding New 500-kV Lines and Costly Static
Var Compensators to Support Load Growth and
New Industrial Loads in Coastal Areas
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15. Wind farms are clustered along the Columbia River
near existing BPA transmission and new transmission projects
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19. 3. Possible Lower-Cost Alternative
for State Renewable Portfolio
Standards
Ocean Energy -- Cost Comparisons
as a Resource for Fulfullment of
State Renewable Portfolio
Standards ------ (WA, OR, CA)
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20. Wind Resources to 2020
• PNW and CA RPS targets would require ~10,000 MW of installed NW wind by 2020.
• Nearly 6,000 MW currently operating or under construction.
• Existing wind projects and wind interconnection requests to at least 14,400 MW.
• Significant exceeds 2020 regulatory demand.
• BPA has offered ~ 9,300 MW of transmission service to wind projects.
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Based on BPA’s wind interconnection queue and work done by E3

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22. Conclusions
Ocean Energy can provide a valuable addition to the
PNW generation mix, with its unique, consistent, more
predictable characteristics -- which are very marketable.
As Wind’s contribution continues to grow, Ocean
Energy can help provide needed Balancing and ATC.
Integration of Ocean Energy presents some challenges.
Longer term solutions will involve:
• Integration of ocean energy into the FCRPS Operation
• New utility operational protocols and business practices
• Exploration of imbalance markets for Ocean Energy
• New Off-Shore Ocean Energy Storage Developments
• Other ideas and concepts?
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23. About BPA
Service area (sq. miles) 300,000
(Primarily Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Western Montana)
Transmission circuit miles 15,215
BPA substations 263 Grand Coulee Dam
2010 Balancing Authority (BA) Statistics FCRPS/CGS BA Total
Nameplate Rating (MW) 21,600
Peak Generation (MW) 16,300 18,400
Average Generation (aMW) 6,900 8,000
Peak Load (MW) 9,800
Average Load (aMW) 5,900
BPA is a Federal Power Marketing Administration in the U.S. Department of Energy
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24. Your Feedback is Welcome!
John Schaad
Customer Service Planning & Engineering
Bonneville Power Administration
Eugene, Oregon
jgschaad@bpa.gov
541-988-7421
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