1. DRUG ABUSE
AND MISUSE
By: Dr. Vahid Nikoui
Email: nikoui@razi.tums.ac.ir

2. Drug Abuse
 Substance abuse
 A maladaptive pattern of use of a substance
 Compulsive, excessive, and self-damaging
use of drugs or substances
 Excessive use from a harmful drug (Overuse)
 psychoactive drugs or performance
enhancing drugs for a non-therapeutic or
non-medical effect

3. Drug Misuse
 A term used commonly for prescription
medications with clinical efficacy but abuse
potential and known adverse effects linked to
improper use, such as psychiatric medications
with sedative, anxiolytic, analgesic, or
stimulant properties.
 Usage of a drug to treat a symptom that it is
either not prescribed for or not effective
against.

4.  Morphine
 Abuse or Misuse

6. History
 In 1932, the American Psychiatric Association:
 …as a general rule, we reserve the term drug abuse to
apply to the illegal, nonmedical use of a limited number
of substances, most of them drugs.
 In 1966, the American Medical Association's Committee
on Alcoholism and Addiction:
 Misuse applies to the physician's role in initiating a
potentially dangerous course of therapy; and 'abuse'
refers to self-administration of these drugs without
medical supervision and particularly in large doses that
may lead to psychological dependency, tolerance and
abnormal behavior.
 In 1973 the National Commission on Marijuana and Drug
Abuse:
 ...drug abuse may refer to any type of drug or chemical
without regard to its pharmacologic actions.

7. Philip Jenkins
Drug
 GHB
 Nicotine
Abuse
 Alcohol
 Caffeine

9. Recreational Drug Use
 Theuse of a drug, usually psychoactive,
with the intention of creating or
enhancing recreational experience.
 Oftenbeing considered to be also drug
abuse, and it is often illegal.
 Also,
it may overlap with other uses, such
as medicinal (including self medication),
performance enhancement, and
entheogenic (spiritual).

10. Responsible Drug Use
A harm reduction strategy based on a
belief that illegal recreational drug use
can be responsible in terms of reduced or
eliminated risk of negative impact on the
lives of both the user and others.

12. Cost
 £ 20 billion yearly in UK

13. Drug Trafficker

16. Thank You !