GeoLinked Data (.es) is an open initiative whose aim is to enrich the Web of Data with Spanish geospatial data. This initiative started off by publishing diverse information sources belonging to the Spanish National Geographic Institute. Such sources are made available as RDF (Resource Description Framework) knowledge bases according to the Linked Data principles. With this work, Spain has joined the Linked Data initiative, in which the United Kingdom and Germany are already participating. In this presentation, we provide an overview of the process that has been followed for the development of this initiative.

1. GeoLinkedData Asunción Gómez-Pérez, Alexander de Leon, Victor Saquicela, Luis M. Vilches, Oscar Corcho, and Boris Villazón-Terrazas Facultad de Informática, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Campus de Montegancedo sn, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid http://www.oeg-upm.net Phone: 34.91.3366605, Fax: 34.91.3524819

2. ToC Motivation Related Work GeoLinkedData Identification of the data sources Vocabulary Development Generation of the RDF data Publication of the RDF data Data cleansing Linking the RDF data Enable effective discovery Future Work

3. Motivation 99.171 % English 0.019 % Spanish Source:Billion Triples dataset at http://km.aifb.kit.edu/projects/btc-2010/ Thanks to Aidan and Richard

4. Related Work

5. GeoLinkedData It is an open initiative whose aim is to enrich the Web of Data with Spanish geospatial data. It has started off by publishing diverse information sources, such as National Geographic Institute of Spain (IGN). http://geo.linkeddata.es Recently, National Statistics Institute (INE)

6. Process for Publishing Linked Data on the Web Identification of the data sources Vocabulary development Generation of the RDF Data Publication of the RDF data Data cleansing Linking the RDF data Enable effective discovery

7. 1. Identification and selection of the data sources IGN INE

8. 2. Lightweight Ontology Development WGS84 Geo Positioning: an RDF vocabulary scv:Dimension scv:Item scv:Dataset hydrographical phenomena (rivers, lakes, etc.) Vocabulary for instants, intervals, durations, etc. Names and international code systems for territories and groups Ontology for OGC Geography Markup Language Following the INSPIRE (INfrastructure for SPatial InfoRmation in Europe) recommendation. hydrOntology,SCOVO, FAO Geopolitcal, WGS84, GML, and Time

9. 3. Generation of the RDF Data NOR2O INE ODEMapster IGN Geometry2RDF Geospatial column IGN

10. 3. Generation of the RDF Data – NOR2O NOR2O Year Industry Production Index Province

11. 3. Generation of the RDF Data – R2O & ODEMapster R2O is an extensible, fully declarative language to describe mappings between relational database schemas and ontologies. The ODEMapster processor generates Semantic Web instances from relational instances based on the mapping description expressed in the R2O document

12. 3. Generation of the RDF Data – R2O & ODEMapster Creation of the R2O Mappings

13. 3. Generation of the RDF Data – R2O & ODEMapster Excerpt of the R2O document

14. 3. Generation of the RDF Data – Geometry2RDF Oracle STO UTIL package SELECT TO_CHAR(SDO_UTIL.TO_GML311GEOMETRY(geometry)) AS Gml311Geometry FROM "BCN200"."BCN200_0301L_RIO" c WHERE c.Etiqueta='Arroyo'

15. 3. Generation of the RDF Data – Geometry2RDF

16. 3. Generation of the RDF Data – Geometry2RDF

17. 3. Generation of the RDF data – RDF graphs IGN INE So far 7 RDF Named Graphs 1412248 triples BTN25 BCN200 IPI …. http://geo.linkeddata.es/dataset/IGN/BTN25 http://geo.linkeddata.es/dataset/IGN/BCN200 http://geo.linkeddata.es/dataset/INE/IPI

18. 4. Publication of the RDF Data SPARQL Linked Data HTML Including Provenance Support Pubby Pubby 0.3 Virtuoso 6.1.0

19. 4. Publication of the RDF Data

20. 4. Publication of the RDF Data - License License for GeoLinkedData Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 GNU Free Documentation License Each dataset will have its own specific license, IGN, INE, etc.

21. 5. Data cleansing Lack of documentation of the IGN datasets Broken links: Spain, IGN resources Lack of documentation of the ontology Missing english and spanish labels Building a spanish ontology and importing some concepts of other ontology (in English): Importing the English ontology. Add annotations like a Spanish label to them. Importing the English ontology, creating new concepts and properties with a Spanish name and map those to the English equivalents. Re-declaring the terms of the English ontology that we need (using the same URI as in the English ontology), and adding a Spanish label. Creating your own class and properties that model the same things as the English ontology. select DISTINCT ?graph where {GRAPH ?graph {?s ?p ?o.}.} select DISTINCT ?graph where {GRAPH ?graph {?s ?p ?o.}.}

22. 5. Data cleansing URIs in Spanish http://geo.linkeddata.es/ontology/Río RDF allows UTF-8 characters for URIs But, Linked Data URIs has to be URLs as well So, non ASCII-US characters have to be %code http://geo.linkeddata.es/ontology/R%C3%ADo select DISTINCT ?graph where {GRAPH ?graph {?s ?p ?o.}.} select DISTINCT ?graph where {GRAPH ?graph {?s ?p ?o.}.}

23. 6. Linking of the RDF Data Silk - A Link Discovery Framework for the Web of Data First set of links: Provinces of Spain 86% accuracy Geonames GeoLinkedData DBPedia

24. 7. Enable effective discovery

25. DEMO http://geo.linkeddata.es/

26. Provinces

27. Industry Production Index – Capital of Province

28. Rivers

29. Beaches

30. Future Work Generate more datasets from other domains, e.g. universities in Spain. Identify more links to DBPedia and Geonames. Cover complex geometrical information, i.e. not only Point and LineString-like data; we will also treat information representation through polygons.

31. Go raibh maith agaibh

32. GeoLinkedData Asunción Gómez-Pérez, Alexander de Leon, Victor Saquicela, Luis M. Vilches, Oscar Corcho, and Boris Villazón-Terrazas Facultad de Informática, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Campus de Montegancedo sn, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid http://www.oeg-upm.net Phone: 34.91.3366605, Fax: 34.91.3524819