Fascicule des cours " Introdeuction à la sociète de l'information "

1. ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬3
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة.ة.ة‬
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬2013/2014
‫ةةةةةةة‬ ‫ة.ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ ‫ة.ةةةةة‬

2. ‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
2

3. 3
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬ ‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬ ‫ةةةةةةة‬ ‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
1 1 ‫ة‬2 48 ‫ة.ة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬ "‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬-
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬ )‫ةة‬ (‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫"ةةةةةةةةة‬–"‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
•‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ ":"‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةة-ةةةةةةةة‬:'‫'ةةةةةةةةة‬
Technétronique Bzrezinsky la République de Platon à la société de De
‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬)N.O..M.I.C‫ةةة‬ (‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬)S.M.S.I(
•‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
•‫ةةةةة‬:‫ةةةةةةةة‬
•‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫)ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬(‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬
•‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫)ة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬(...
•‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ -)‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ -(...
•‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬:‫ةةةةةةةة‬ ---
•‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
•‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
•‫ةةةةة‬

4. ‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬ . (TIC)
‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ .
‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬ .
4

5. ‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
Eric George :Professeurs école des medias UQAM ,Canada
Fabien Granjon :Sociologue chercheur “usage sociaux des tic
‫ةةةةة‬
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.
.
.
leadership.
.
.
5
)70

6. .
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
.
.
” ”.
“17
A/RES/60/252 ‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ :
.
.
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ :
.
.
:
6

7. -
-
.
.
-
voir Richta, (1969), Bell (1976) ont été l’un des premiers à théoriser ce type de société et à lui donner le nom de
« société post-industrielle » .Castells, 1998 et Escobar, 1994) tous et dont la logique sous-jacente est identique à
celle des NTIC
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
50
7

8. nanotechnologies
.
.
.
.
.Hypermodern
).
Hyperworld
.
8
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ :‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬ :
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬ :‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬ :

9. ‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬ .
GPS .TV
.
.
‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ :
1999
eEurope ” ”
- ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬ .
232420002010 .
2002 eEurope
”“19202000 .
15162002200521222002 i2010:
2010 .
1994 G-7 2526 G-7 1995 .
SMSI
20032005
9
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬
‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬

10. .
122580 .".
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫"ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ "‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬5‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬55‫ةة‬ %‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
2003‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
.‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬2015‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬20‫ةةة‬ .%‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةة‬2000‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬380‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬2004‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬800‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة/ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬11‫ةة‬ %‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬90‫ةةةة‬ %‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬4%
‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ "‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬:
1-‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬ "‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
10

11. ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬170‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫"ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ "‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ " :‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ ."‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ "‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةة‬"‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
2‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
11

12. ‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬."‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ "‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬ "‫"ةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ "‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬Root-server‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬13‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬12‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ "‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
.‫ةةةةة‬
3‫-ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬ ."‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة"ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
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13. ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬"‫ةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬2005‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬) "‫ةةةةةةةة‬Wang Yi´s Microphone‫(ة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬.‫ةةة‬
4‫ةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫)ةةةةةة(ة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة.ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬)web‫ةةةةة‬ (‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬)log‫ةةةةة‬ (
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
5‫ةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
13

14. ‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬ )‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬ .(...‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬)blogs‫ةةةة‬ (‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
.‫ةةةةةةةةةةةةة‬
6‫ةةةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬12‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬)Blog Community‫ةةةةة‬ (‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
14

15. ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
.‫ةةةةة‬
7‫ةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬58‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬80‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة/ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة.ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫"ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬".‫ةةةةةةة‬
8‫ةةة‬ .-‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة.ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
15

16. ‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫"ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬ "‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
www.kotobarabia.com‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
9‫ةةةة‬ -‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬1000‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬500
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬200‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬3‫ةةة‬4‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬PDF‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة.ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةة‬ :‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
16

17. ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ :
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةة".ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫"ةةة‬‫ةةة‬ "‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬.‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ ."‫ة.ةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬PDF‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
17

18. ‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬SMS‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة".ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫"ةةة‬‫ةة‬ "‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةةة‬
10‫ةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫"ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة"ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة.ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة/ةةةة‬2002‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
18

19. ‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة"ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
11‫ةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة/ةةةة‬2002‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة"ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
12‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬ "‫"ةةةةة.ةةةةة.ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ "‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةة"ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة"ة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬.
13‫ةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬)server‫ةةةة‬ (‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
19

20. ‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة"ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة"ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫"ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة"ة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةة.ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬ "
"arabic-domins.org"
14‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬mobile triple play‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ة‬
UMTS‫ةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬winmax‫ةة‬ .‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬.‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬
15‫ةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬30‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬15‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬2003‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
20

21. ‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةةة‬
16‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةة‬ :‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬"‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬.‫ةةةةة‬
17‫-.ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫"ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة."ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة.ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬
21

22. ‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬"‫ةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫"ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ "‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬2004‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬61
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬12000‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة/ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة/ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬87‫ةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةة‬
18‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫"ةةة‬ :‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة."ة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬.‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةة‬
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
22

23. ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬ICANN
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ .‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ة‬‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬.‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ -‫ةة‬-‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ -
‫-ةةةةة‬ -
- ‫ةةةة‬—‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬
Manuel Castells - Peter Dahlgreen - Joël de Rosnay - Pierre Musso - Alvin Toffler - Dominique Wolton -
Bernard Benhamou
”“)19981990 .
‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬ .
‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ ..
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Isaac Newton )1642-1727 )
”‘”””“1895
1868-1944 .
.
23
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬

24. 1948)1894-1964 .
‫ةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫"ةةةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ ".
.
.
1955 .
1968
(DARPA)
) ‫ةة‬ Network Analysis Corporation)
DARPA (ARPANET)
24
lacybernétiquelacybernétique
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬

25. ( ARPANET)
.
)IMP1969
ARPANET
1972APARNET
.
APARNET
””
" 1961 .
.
.
1972 .
.
NCP
TCP/IP
NCP
.


25
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬

26. 


1972 .
NCP
.
TCP/IP
NCP
.
DARPA
) ARPANET)
.





1973NCPNCPTCP/IP.
DARPA–
.
26

27. 1983-1985: 1985 .
1992 .
.
241995)FNC)FNC–)1)IP2)TCP/IPIP3
–
.
(EU). 4
179-190 .
199820032009 ..
”2009 :





2010
–
IP .
27
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬
‫ةةةةةةةةة‬

28. ‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
.
18941946
1948:
.
19 .
1968
19801971 .
1995 .
"*" .
*
)1)2 .
81996261997
28
‫ةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫عع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬/‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫عع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬/‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬

29. .
*Géant
*G8
)10-122003)16-182005 ).
110503310481 .
19
.
.
19(LA GARDERE
'entre le faible et le fort c'est la loi qui libère'
.
19 .
1 )
2282003)1 ) .
2003 ‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةةةة‬‫ةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةة‬
) "3 .
29

30. ‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةة‬:‫ةةةةةةة‬
1929
29)1929
‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬
.
‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةةة‬
‫ة‬‫ةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬:‫ةةةةةةةةة‬
.
‫ة‬‫ةةةةة‬ -:‫ةةةةةةة‬
.
‫ة‬‫ةةةةةةة‬ -‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬‫ةةة‬‫ةةةةةة‬:‫ةةةةةةة‬
.
‫ة‬‫ةةة‬ -:‫ةةةةة‬
30

31. 2005‫عععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععع‬‫عع‬‫ععع‬
:
: ‫ععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععععع‬
.
-1‫عععع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عع‬‫ععععع‬:‫ععععععععع‬
‫ع‬‫عععععععع‬ -‫عع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععععع‬:‫عععععععع‬
5.(
40III+II3500250090)6. (
312097090
26-261026-26
‫عععععععع‬ (‫ع‬‫عع‬‫عععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
31

32. )7
50
20 .
2004)8 ..
‫ععع‬ (‫ع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
.
...
‫عععععع‬ (‫ع‬‫عع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
.
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عععععع‬ (‫عع‬‫عععععععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
32

33. .
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عععععععع‬ (‫عع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععععع‬‫ععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫عععععععععع‬
.
..
‫ععععععع‬
: (2) ‫ععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععع‬
20 .
9)
33

34. ‫ععععع‬ (‫ع‬‫عع‬‫عع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
‫ععععع‬ (‫ع‬‫عع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
34

35. ‫ععععع‬ (‫ع‬‫ععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫ععععععععع‬
)1
)2
)3
)4
)5
)6
)7
)8
35

36. )9
)10
)3‫عععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
202015.
2001
10
36

37. .
.
‫عععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععععع‬
".
‫عععععع‬‫ععععععع‬
:

—————————————————————————————————
————
[1] Article (2003) , la déclaration de principes su SMSI .




RF
37

38. 





20042007.
‫ععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬
:‫ععععععع‬

:‫ععععععع‬
‫عععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬
38

39. :
:
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
71050
»Knowledge Society and Knowlege Economy«
The Age Of Discontinuity‫عع‬Peter F.Drucker
39
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬

40. 40

41. :
1.
2.‫ع‬‫عععععع‬
3
4
Globalization

Information Knowledge

70
information workers‫ع‬

Computer networking


.
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬ :
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬
‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬‫د‬ :

42. •
:
• Armand MATTELART (2009), Histoire de la société de l’information (4e
édition), Paris, La
Découverte.
‫ععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬
• La Galaxie Internet, (2002) Manuel Castells.
• Manuel Castells(1998) ,L'ère de l'information, Vol. 1,La société en réseaux,
Vol. 2,(1999),Le pouvoir de l’identité, Fayard, Vol. 3,Fin de millénaire,
Fayard,
• Michel Saloff Coste(2005) ,Le management du troisième millénaire, Édition
Guy Trédaniel,Paris.
• Andrée Muller,( 2001) La Net économie, PUF
• Gérard Ayache, (2006)La grande confusion, , Éditions: France Europe
Michel Volle,,(2000) e–conomie, Economica,
•Gilles BAUCHE (1996) "la Société de l'Information: menace ou opportunité
pour l'Europe?" synthèse faite à l'occasion des travaux de la conférence
organisée du 9au 12 Mai par l'Institut Aspen à Lyon France .
‫ععععععع‬‫ع‬‫ععععععع‬

43. ‫عععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬:
“”
“"1993"
20)Nation State":
».
«»»“”“»»
»«»«»
««»»«».
.»
:
1
2)NGO
3
4

44. “”
“1999
‫ععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عع‬‫عععع‬:‫ععععععع‬
:
1
2
3
4
5
‫ععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عع‬‫ععععععع‬:‫عععععععع‬
“””
»
)Malcolm Waters
”.
Castells M”.
McGrew

45. ‫ععع‬‫عع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععععععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععع‬
‫ععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬
‫ععععععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫ععععععع‬.‫عععععععع‬
‫عع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععع‬.‫عععععع‬
‫عععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ععع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬
‫عععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عع‬‫عععععع‬
‫عععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععععع‬‫ععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععع‬ .‫ععع‬
‫عععععععع‬‫عع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ععععع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ععععع‬.‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ععععع‬
‫عععع‬‫عععع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عع‬‫عع‬‫عع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععع‬‫عع‬‫عععع‬
‫ععععععع‬‫عع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫عععععع‬.‫عععع‬
‫ععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععع‬ .‫عععع‬
‫عععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععععععع‬‫عععععععععع‬‫عع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععع‬
‫عععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫عع‬‫ع‬‫عععع‬
‫ع‬‫ع‬‫ععع‬‫ع‬‫ع‬‫عععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عع‬‫ع‬‫عع‬‫عععععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬‫عععععععععع‬
‫ععع‬‫عععع‬ .‫ععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععع‬‫عع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫ععععع‬
‫ععععععععع‬‫ععععع‬‫ععع‬‫عع‬‫عععععععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععع‬‫عععععععع‬‫عععععععع‬
‫عععععععععع‬‫ععع‬‫ععععع‬‫عععععع‬‫ععععع‬
‫ععععععع‬ -‫ععععع‬‫ععععععععع‬
:
:

46. NetscapeExplorer de Windows.
Yahoo!, Excite ou Alta-Vista.
.
.
‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬
.
.
‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬·
-153)87342665002002
-251102000.
-32010000000002000.
45000012600001.34)102001.(

47. ·15)452002.(38200
·505
10
11300000
21260000
3490000
4460000
5450000
6380000
7330000
8300000
9250000
10220000
‫اااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااااااا‬:
-1719983270000000002002.
-352002.
-800890000000098.2002.
-19982.22002.
-12)40
-7000000
-1999:.
-)1998(11319975th20000000001998)7-8000000
1998
-‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬:‫ااااااااا‬
‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬:

48. ‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬
‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ا‬‫ااااااا‬.
‫ا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬.‫اااااا‬
-‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬:‫ااااا‬
‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬
‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬
‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬.
‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ا‬
‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا.ااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااااا‬
‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬.‫اااااا‬
‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااااااااااا‬
‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬
‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااااااااااا‬‫ا‬‫اااااااااا‬
‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬ .‫ااااااااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬
‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬
‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬
‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬.‫اااااا‬
‫ااااااا‬‫"اااا‬‫اا‬ "‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬
-‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬
-‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬
-‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫)ااااا‬(‫ااااا‬
-‫ااااااا‬
-‫ااااااااااا‬

49. -‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ -‫اااااا‬‫اااااااا‬
-1966
‫ااااا‬ -‫ااا‬Barrand‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫)اااااا‬:‫اااااااا‬
‫"اا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬.("‫ااااااااا‬
‫اا‬ -‫اااااا‬ACM‫ا‬‫ااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
-1968:
‫ااا‬ -‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬ :‫اااااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬)ARPA.(
‫اااااا‬ :‫اااااااا‬ -‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬.‫اااااا‬
-1969:
‫ااااا‬ -‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .‫ااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬
‫ااااا‬)SRI‫(ا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬.‫اااا‬
-1970:
‫ااااااا‬ -‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬(‫اااا‬ARPANET NCP.(
‫-اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬13‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااا‬
‫اااااااااا‬‫ااااااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
-1972:
‫ااااااا‬ -‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬
ARPANET‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬40‫ااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬
‫اااااااا‬)INWG‫اااااا‬ (‫اااااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬ :‫)اااااا‬.(‫اااا‬
‫ااااااا‬ -‫اااااا‬‫)اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااا‬ (‫اااااااا‬
‫ااااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
-1972 :

50. ‫اااا‬ -‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬FTP‫)اااااااا‬‫ااا‬
.(‫ااااااا‬
‫-ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬ :‫اااااااا‬
‫ااااااا‬.‫ااااااااا‬
-1975:
‫ااا‬ -‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اا‬TCP / IP‫)اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬ /
‫اا‬ (‫اااااااا‬.‫ااااا‬
-1977:
‫ااااا‬ -‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬.‫اااااااااا‬
-1978:
‫ااااا‬ -‫ااااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫اا‬
‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬UUCP.
-1979:
‫اااااا‬ -‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬
‫اااا‬.‫ااااا‬
‫اااااااا‬ -‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬ :‫اااااا‬.‫اااا‬
‫ااا‬ -ARPA‫اا‬ICCB‫)اااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬.(‫اااااااا‬
-1981:
‫اااا‬ .213‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .Minitel‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬ .‫اااااااااا‬VELIZY.
‫ااا‬ .300‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬.‫اااا‬
-1982 :
-INWG‫اااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااااا‬)TCP‫ااااااااا‬ (‫اااااااا‬)IP‫(ا‬
‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬TCP / IP‫ااااا‬ .‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬ :"‫"اااااااا‬‫اا‬
‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬TCP / IP.‫ااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااا‬TCP / IP.
‫ااا‬ .EUnet.

51. ‫ااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬TCP‫ا‬IP.
-1983:
‫اا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬TCP‫ااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
‫ااا‬ .‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬ARPANET‫ا‬Milnet.
‫ااا‬ .EARNET‫)اااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬.(‫ااااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬)IAB‫ااا‬ (ICCB.
-1984 :
‫اااا‬ .1024‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
‫ااا‬ .‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬)DNS.(
-1986:
‫ااا‬ .‫ااااا‬NSFNET‫)اااا‬ .‫ااا‬56‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬.(‫ااااا‬
.5089‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
-1987:
.UUNET‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬Usenet.
.28000‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
-1988:
‫اااا‬ .‫اااااااا‬‫اااا‬ (‫)ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
-1989:
.130000‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
-1990:
‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
-1991:
‫ااا‬ .RENATER‫اااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬)CNRS.(
‫ااا‬ .Ebone.
.NFSNet‫ااااااا‬ :‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬44.7‫اااااا‬.‫ااااا‬ /
‫اااا‬ .535‫000ا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬

52. -1992:
‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬)ISOC.(
‫ا‬ .IAB‫اا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬ISOC.
‫اااااا‬ .‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫اا‬CERN‫اااااا‬ (‫)اااا‬‫اااااااا‬
.("‫)"ااااا‬
.992000‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
‫اااااااا‬ .MIME‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
-1993:
‫ااا‬ .InterNIC‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااا‬ .‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬
president@whitehouse.gov.
.1776000‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .Andreensen‫ااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬
.‫اااااااا‬
-1994:
‫اااااا‬ .‫اا‬25.‫اااااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬ .‫اااااااا‬HTML‫ا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫)ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ (‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااااا‬)HTTP‫)ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬.(‫اااا‬
.14‫004ا‬‫اا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااا‬)14.4‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااا‬ (‫ااااااا‬‫ااااا‬
.‫ااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ .‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬.‫ااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ .‫اااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااا‬ .‫ااااا‬
‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬ .‫اااااااااا‬‫اااا‬75‫ا‬‫ااا‬.‫ااااااااا‬
.3.2‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬.‫اااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .‫ااااا‬!‫اااا‬
.FirstVirtual‫اا‬cyberbanque.‫اااا‬
‫ااااا‬ :‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااا‬Thery‫ااا‬‫"ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬."‫ااااااااا‬

53. ‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬.‫اااااااا‬
-1995 :
.NFSNet‫اااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااا‬‫)اااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااااا‬.(‫ااااااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬ :‫ااااا‬‫اا‬28‫000ا‬‫اا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬)
28.8‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬.(‫ااااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ .2.1‫اااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬9.‫ااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .‫اااا‬‫اااااااااا‬)MSN.(
‫اااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬CU-CME.
‫اااااااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬ :‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬TCP / IP.
-1996:
‫ااااااااا‬ .‫اااا‬.‫ااااا‬
‫ااااااا‬ .‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااا‬.‫ااااااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬33600‫اا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬)33.6‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اا‬
.(‫ااااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .‫اااا‬‫ااااا‬‫ااااا‬27‫اااااا‬‫اا‬.‫ااااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااااااا‬‫ااااا‬122‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬
.‫اااااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .‫ااا‬‫ااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬.‫اااااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .‫اا‬ :‫اااا‬‫اااااااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬.‫ااااااااا‬
1997:
‫ااااااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬ :‫ااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
‫ااااااااا‬ .‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬NetMeeting.‫اااااااااا‬
‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااا‬.‫اااااااا‬
-1998:
‫ااااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫اا‬57.6‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫ااااااا‬.‫اااا‬
‫اااا‬ .‫اااااا‬.‫ااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ .‫ااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااا‬.‫اااااااا‬

54. ‫اااا‬ .‫"ااااااا‬‫ااا‬."‫اااااااا‬
‫اااااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااا‬.‫اااااااا‬
-1999:
‫ااااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬.‫اااااااا‬
‫ااااااا‬ .‫اااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااااا‬.‫اااااااا‬
‫اااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬ .‫اااااا‬
‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااا‬ .‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫اااااا‬
‫اااااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
‫اااا‬ .25‫ااااا‬‫اااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اااا‬.‫ااااااا‬
:‫ااااااا‬
‫اااااااااااا‬Webographie
- Bell‫ا‬ D. 1987 : The world and the U. S. in 2013. daedulus‫ا‬ 116.3.
‫-اااا‬‫ااااا‬)‫ااا‬2004‫(ا‬“‫ااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫اا‬‫اااااااا‬”‫اا‬ ,‫ااااا‬
‫ااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ا‬ ,‫اااااا‬2‫ا‬ ,‫ا‬162.
- Held‫ا‬ D. 1995. Democracy and Global order : from modern state to
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‫-اااااا‬‫اااااا‬“‫اااا‬‫ااا‬‫ااا‬”‫ا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬‫ا‬38-40.
- Castells‫ا‬ M. 1997 : The power of identity ". Oxford : Black well. P.
307.
- Mc Grew‫ا‬ Ibid‫ا‬ P. 92-94.
‫ااا‬ -‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫اااا‬‫ا‬)2010(‫اااااااا‬‫اااااااا‬‫ااااااااااا‬‫اااااا‬
‫ااااااا‬‫اااااا‬‫ااااااا‬

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