2. What is a rock?
• Solid
• Occurs through nature
• Made up of minerals
Info from: http://www.rocksandminerals4u.com/what_is_a_rock.html
3. Characteristics of the Rock
Cycle
• Three types of rocks
– Igneous
– Sedimentary
– Metamorphic
Info from: http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/rock.html
4. Igneous Rock
• Formed from molten rock becoming solid
• Molten rock
– Called intrusive rock because it’s magma when
under the Earth’s surface
• Magma is hot liquid from minerals
– Called extrusive rock because it’s lava when above
the Earth’s surface
Info from:
http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/rock.html
http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/geology/ig_intro.html
Picture from: http://www.rocksandminerals4u.com/igneous_rocks.html
5. Examples of Igneous Rock
• Pumice
• Obsidian
• Rhyolite
Info and pictures from: http://www.rocksandminerals4u.com/example_of_igneous_rocks.html
6. Sedimentary Rocks
• Sediment is broken bits of rock
• These rocks form at:
– Rivers
– Beaches
– The ocean
– And wherever else sediment collects
Info found at : http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/geology/sed_intro.html
7. Examples of Sedimentary
Rock
• Sandstone
• Siltstone
• Shale
Info and pictures found at: http://www.rocksandminerals4u.com/sedimentary.html
8. Metamorphic Rock
• Formed by high pressure
and high temperature
– Possibly where tectonic
plates meet
• Chemically change
– Mineral crystals alter
Info and picture from: http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/geology/meta_intro.html
9. Examples of Metamorphic
Rock
• Quartzite
• Marble
• Slate
Pictures found at: http://www.rocksandminerals4u.com/metamorphic.html
10. How It Works
Picture from:
http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/eart
hsysflr/rock.html
11. How are the rocks related?
• Igneous rock
– Can change into sedimentary or metamorphic
• Sedimentary rock
– Can change into igneous or metamorphic
• Metamorphic rock
– Can change into igneous or sedimentary
Info from: http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/rock.html
12. Changes in Igneous Rock
• How does it turn into sedimentary?
– Sediments come from weathering and erosion of
igneous rock
– Sediments compact and cement into sedimentary
rock
Info from: http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/rock.html
13. Changes in Igneous Rock
• How does it turn into metamorphic?
– High heat and pressure
Info from: http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/rock.html
14. Changes in Sedimentary Rock
• How does it become
igneous rock?
– By weathering and
erosion
• How does it become
metamorphic?
– High heat and pressure
from Earth
Info from: http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/rock.html
15. Changes in Metamorphic Rock
• How does it become igneous rock?
– Melting into magma then cooling
• How does it become sedimentary rock?
– Eroding into sediments and then being
compacted
Info and picture from: http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/rock.html
16. Why are rocks important?
• Fossils!
• Remind us of the
Earth changing
– Heating, pressure,
cooling
• Around for thousands
of years
– Older than you!
Info from: http://www.rocksandminerals4u.com/what_is_a_rock.html
