LECTURE8.PPT

Overview of Machine Learning Foundations of Artificial Intelligence

Learning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Learning by Discovery ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Explanation-Based Learning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Case-Based Learning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Connectionist Algorithms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Concept Learning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],feathers => bird or (feathers /(yellow b&w) ) => bird

Inductive Learning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Inductive Bias ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Version Spaces ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],any card black odd black spade odd spade 3 of spade ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Version Spaces: Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The training examples (obtained) incrementally:

What Is Classification? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Classification: 3 Step Process ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Decision Trees ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Decision Trees ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A particular instance in the training set might be: < overcast , hot , normal , false >: play In this case, the target class is a binary attribute, so each instance represents a positive or a negative example.

Using Decision Trees for Classification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],outlook humidity windy sunny overcast rain high normal true false yes yes no yes no

What is Clustering? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Clustering is a process of partitioning a set of data (or objects) in a set of meaningful sub-classes, called clusters Helps users understand the natural grouping or structure in a data set

What Is Good Clustering? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Applications of Clustering ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What is Memory-Based Reasoning? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Basic Issues in Applying MBR ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

MBR in Collaborative Filtering ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Will Karen like “Independence Day?”

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