SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  2
COURSE DESCRIPTION

Department and Course                                Course
                                     CS461                                  Russ Abbott
Number                                               Coordinator

Course                                                Total
Title                  Machine Learning               Credits                  4


Current Catalog Description:
   Means that enable computers to perform tasks for which they were not explicitly
   programmed; learning paradigms include inductive generalization for examples,
   genetic algorithms, and connectionist systems such as neural nets.

Textbook:
  Mitchell, Tom., Machine Learning, McGraw-Hill, 1997.

References:
  At the discretion of the instructor.

Course Goals:
   •   To introduce students to tools and techniques for modeling complex systems and
       for the automatic creation computer programs. Subsidiary goals will depend on
       the approach(es) the instructor chooses to take.
              o To introduce students to the theories, tools, and technologies used to
                study complexity, including evolutionary computing and agent-based
                modeling.
              o To introduce students to inductive generalization from examples and
                other traditional learning paradigms.
              o To introduce students to the use of artificial neural nets for learning.
These course goals contribute to the success of Student Learning Outcomes 1.a, 1.d,
1.e, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

Prerequisites by Topic:
   •   Fluent in at least one programming language
   •   Fluent in data structures and algorithms
   •   Computational complexity

Major Topics Covered in the Course:
   This list represents the possible topics covered on this course. At the discretion of the
   instructor, the course focuses on some of these topics.
•   Agent-based modeling
   •   Modeling probability density functions and optimization in artificial neural
       networks, decision trees, Gaussian process regression (k-Nearest Neighbor and
       expectation-maximization algorithm), Bayesian networks, Markov Random
       Fields, and support vector machines.
   •   Complex systems; the nature of emergence, evolutionary programming and
       optimization through evolutionary programming


Laboratory Projects (specify number of weeks on each):
   At the discretion of the instructor. Projects range from weekly assignments to three
   more significant projects covering 3 weeks each over the course of the term.

Estimate Curriculum Category Content (Quarter Hours)

 Area            Core        Advanced       Area                Core      Advanced
 Algorithms                  1.0            Data Structures               1.0
 Software Design             1.0            Prog. Languages               1.0
 Comp. Arch.

Oral and Written Communications:
   Students are required to submit and discuss the source code and documentation of the
   work that they do.

Social and Ethical Issues:
   No significant component.

Theoretical Content:
   At the discretion of the instructor, possibly including an introduction to theoretical
   foundations of agent-based modeling, types of learning algorithms, complex systems,
   and evolutionary programming

Problem Analysis:
   Students are required to identify the issues involved when required to design a system
   that learns and evolves.
Solution Design:
   Solution design involves developing programs that use techniques such as agent based
   modeling, learning from observation, artificial neural networks, and evolutionary
   programming.

Contenu connexe

Tendances

SE-IT JAVA LAB SYLLABUS
SE-IT JAVA LAB SYLLABUSSE-IT JAVA LAB SYLLABUS
SE-IT JAVA LAB SYLLABUSnikshaikh786
 
Resume jim yu
Resume   jim yuResume   jim yu
Resume jim yuJim Yu
 
GenericUGResearchSyllabusChakraborty
GenericUGResearchSyllabusChakrabortyGenericUGResearchSyllabusChakraborty
GenericUGResearchSyllabusChakrabortyJayden (Jeehaeng) Yoo
 
Integrating Textbooks with Smart Interactive Content for Learning Programming
Integrating Textbooks with Smart Interactive Content for Learning ProgrammingIntegrating Textbooks with Smart Interactive Content for Learning Programming
Integrating Textbooks with Smart Interactive Content for Learning ProgrammingIsaac Alpizar-Chacon
 
Course specification template 1 special topics 2019
Course specification template  1 special topics 2019Course specification template  1 special topics 2019
Course specification template 1 special topics 2019Jafar Jallad
 
Detailed features about_lst_plus
Detailed features about_lst_plusDetailed features about_lst_plus
Detailed features about_lst_plusUmakant Jayaram
 
Infusing Digital Technologies for an Engineering Laboratory
Infusing Digital Technologies for an Engineering LaboratoryInfusing Digital Technologies for an Engineering Laboratory
Infusing Digital Technologies for an Engineering LaboratoryAlex See
 
Course Outline for ACSC468: Machine Learning
Course Outline for ACSC468: Machine LearningCourse Outline for ACSC468: Machine Learning
Course Outline for ACSC468: Machine Learningbutest
 
Anoop_Dobhal_Resume
Anoop_Dobhal_ResumeAnoop_Dobhal_Resume
Anoop_Dobhal_ResumeAnoop Dobhal
 
Innovative Practice- Learning by doing- Complete the code and trace the exec...
Innovative  Practice- Learning by doing- Complete the code and trace the exec...Innovative  Practice- Learning by doing- Complete the code and trace the exec...
Innovative Practice- Learning by doing- Complete the code and trace the exec...Viji B
 
Lec1-Into
Lec1-IntoLec1-Into
Lec1-Intobutest
 
Eeri 314 pec 2013
Eeri 314 pec 2013Eeri 314 pec 2013
Eeri 314 pec 2013Drifter92
 
FIE 2008 Pedagogy Cybernetics
FIE 2008 Pedagogy CyberneticsFIE 2008 Pedagogy Cybernetics
FIE 2008 Pedagogy Cyberneticsarammann
 
Algebra team. 9.5.12
Algebra team. 9.5.12Algebra team. 9.5.12
Algebra team. 9.5.12Mona Toncheff
 
Filtering out improper user accounts from twitter user accounts for discoveri...
Filtering out improper user accounts from twitter user accounts for discoveri...Filtering out improper user accounts from twitter user accounts for discoveri...
Filtering out improper user accounts from twitter user accounts for discoveri...siramatu-lab
 

Tendances (20)

Jonathan's Resume
Jonathan's ResumeJonathan's Resume
Jonathan's Resume
 
SE-IT JAVA LAB SYLLABUS
SE-IT JAVA LAB SYLLABUSSE-IT JAVA LAB SYLLABUS
SE-IT JAVA LAB SYLLABUS
 
Resume jim yu
Resume   jim yuResume   jim yu
Resume jim yu
 
GenericUGResearchSyllabusChakraborty
GenericUGResearchSyllabusChakrabortyGenericUGResearchSyllabusChakraborty
GenericUGResearchSyllabusChakraborty
 
Integrating Textbooks with Smart Interactive Content for Learning Programming
Integrating Textbooks with Smart Interactive Content for Learning ProgrammingIntegrating Textbooks with Smart Interactive Content for Learning Programming
Integrating Textbooks with Smart Interactive Content for Learning Programming
 
IB Intro to CS
IB Intro to CSIB Intro to CS
IB Intro to CS
 
Resume
ResumeResume
Resume
 
Course specification template 1 special topics 2019
Course specification template  1 special topics 2019Course specification template  1 special topics 2019
Course specification template 1 special topics 2019
 
Detailed features about_lst_plus
Detailed features about_lst_plusDetailed features about_lst_plus
Detailed features about_lst_plus
 
Infusing Digital Technologies for an Engineering Laboratory
Infusing Digital Technologies for an Engineering LaboratoryInfusing Digital Technologies for an Engineering Laboratory
Infusing Digital Technologies for an Engineering Laboratory
 
Course Outline for ACSC468: Machine Learning
Course Outline for ACSC468: Machine LearningCourse Outline for ACSC468: Machine Learning
Course Outline for ACSC468: Machine Learning
 
Course outline-2012
Course outline-2012Course outline-2012
Course outline-2012
 
Anoop_Dobhal_Resume
Anoop_Dobhal_ResumeAnoop_Dobhal_Resume
Anoop_Dobhal_Resume
 
Innovative Practice- Learning by doing- Complete the code and trace the exec...
Innovative  Practice- Learning by doing- Complete the code and trace the exec...Innovative  Practice- Learning by doing- Complete the code and trace the exec...
Innovative Practice- Learning by doing- Complete the code and trace the exec...
 
Lec1-Into
Lec1-IntoLec1-Into
Lec1-Into
 
Eeri 314 pec 2013
Eeri 314 pec 2013Eeri 314 pec 2013
Eeri 314 pec 2013
 
FIE 2008 Pedagogy Cybernetics
FIE 2008 Pedagogy CyberneticsFIE 2008 Pedagogy Cybernetics
FIE 2008 Pedagogy Cybernetics
 
Tweets Classifier
Tweets ClassifierTweets Classifier
Tweets Classifier
 
Algebra team. 9.5.12
Algebra team. 9.5.12Algebra team. 9.5.12
Algebra team. 9.5.12
 
Filtering out improper user accounts from twitter user accounts for discoveri...
Filtering out improper user accounts from twitter user accounts for discoveri...Filtering out improper user accounts from twitter user accounts for discoveri...
Filtering out improper user accounts from twitter user accounts for discoveri...
 

Similaire à Machine Learning

Course-Plan-Object Oriented Concept (18CS45)1.pdf
Course-Plan-Object Oriented Concept (18CS45)1.pdfCourse-Plan-Object Oriented Concept (18CS45)1.pdf
Course-Plan-Object Oriented Concept (18CS45)1.pdfabhijit.tec
 
Teaching Object Oriented Programming Courses by Sandeep K Singh JIIT,Noida
Teaching Object Oriented Programming Courses by Sandeep K Singh JIIT,NoidaTeaching Object Oriented Programming Courses by Sandeep K Singh JIIT,Noida
Teaching Object Oriented Programming Courses by Sandeep K Singh JIIT,NoidaDr. Sandeep Kumar Singh
 
Machine Learning
Machine LearningMachine Learning
Machine Learningbutest
 
Alianna Maren STOMP ePortfolio
Alianna Maren STOMP ePortfolioAlianna Maren STOMP ePortfolio
Alianna Maren STOMP ePortfoliosburakharper
 
Data Structure Syllabus.pdf
Data Structure Syllabus.pdfData Structure Syllabus.pdf
Data Structure Syllabus.pdfMarvin158667
 
Introduction to Data Structure
Introduction to Data StructureIntroduction to Data Structure
Introduction to Data StructureMegha Gupta
 
CP923.doc
CP923.docCP923.doc
CP923.docbutest
 
Introduction and administrative information (MS Word 97 format)
Introduction and administrative information (MS Word 97 format)Introduction and administrative information (MS Word 97 format)
Introduction and administrative information (MS Word 97 format)butest
 
COM623M1.doc.doc
COM623M1.doc.docCOM623M1.doc.doc
COM623M1.doc.docbutest
 
COM623M1.doc.doc
COM623M1.doc.docCOM623M1.doc.doc
COM623M1.doc.docbutest
 
Lecture_01.1.pptx
Lecture_01.1.pptxLecture_01.1.pptx
Lecture_01.1.pptxRockyIslam5
 
Database management system lLABMANUALpdf
Database management system lLABMANUALpdfDatabase management system lLABMANUALpdf
Database management system lLABMANUALpdfBhagyavantRajapure
 
ECI519_Syllabus_Spring_2016-6
ECI519_Syllabus_Spring_2016-6ECI519_Syllabus_Spring_2016-6
ECI519_Syllabus_Spring_2016-6Shaun Kellogg
 
Data Structures 2005
Data Structures 2005Data Structures 2005
Data Structures 2005Sanjay Goel
 
SE LAB MANUAL (R16).pdf
SE LAB MANUAL (R16).pdfSE LAB MANUAL (R16).pdf
SE LAB MANUAL (R16).pdfSRPatel10
 
Content Wizard: Concept-Based Recommender System for Instructors of Programmi...
Content Wizard: Concept-Based Recommender System for Instructors of Programmi...Content Wizard: Concept-Based Recommender System for Instructors of Programmi...
Content Wizard: Concept-Based Recommender System for Instructors of Programmi...Hung Chau
 
An Automatic Question Paper Generation : Using Bloom's Taxonomy
An Automatic Question Paper Generation : Using Bloom's   TaxonomyAn Automatic Question Paper Generation : Using Bloom's   Taxonomy
An Automatic Question Paper Generation : Using Bloom's TaxonomyIRJET Journal
 

Similaire à Machine Learning (20)

Course-Plan-Object Oriented Concept (18CS45)1.pdf
Course-Plan-Object Oriented Concept (18CS45)1.pdfCourse-Plan-Object Oriented Concept (18CS45)1.pdf
Course-Plan-Object Oriented Concept (18CS45)1.pdf
 
Teaching Object Oriented Programming Courses by Sandeep K Singh JIIT,Noida
Teaching Object Oriented Programming Courses by Sandeep K Singh JIIT,NoidaTeaching Object Oriented Programming Courses by Sandeep K Singh JIIT,Noida
Teaching Object Oriented Programming Courses by Sandeep K Singh JIIT,Noida
 
4200 (1).pdf
4200 (1).pdf4200 (1).pdf
4200 (1).pdf
 
Machine Learning
Machine LearningMachine Learning
Machine Learning
 
Alianna Maren STOMP ePortfolio
Alianna Maren STOMP ePortfolioAlianna Maren STOMP ePortfolio
Alianna Maren STOMP ePortfolio
 
Data Structure Syllabus.pdf
Data Structure Syllabus.pdfData Structure Syllabus.pdf
Data Structure Syllabus.pdf
 
Introduction to Data Structure
Introduction to Data StructureIntroduction to Data Structure
Introduction to Data Structure
 
III-1ece.pdf
III-1ece.pdfIII-1ece.pdf
III-1ece.pdf
 
Brochure curriculum (1)
Brochure curriculum (1)Brochure curriculum (1)
Brochure curriculum (1)
 
CP923.doc
CP923.docCP923.doc
CP923.doc
 
Introduction and administrative information (MS Word 97 format)
Introduction and administrative information (MS Word 97 format)Introduction and administrative information (MS Word 97 format)
Introduction and administrative information (MS Word 97 format)
 
COM623M1.doc.doc
COM623M1.doc.docCOM623M1.doc.doc
COM623M1.doc.doc
 
COM623M1.doc.doc
COM623M1.doc.docCOM623M1.doc.doc
COM623M1.doc.doc
 
Lecture_01.1.pptx
Lecture_01.1.pptxLecture_01.1.pptx
Lecture_01.1.pptx
 
Database management system lLABMANUALpdf
Database management system lLABMANUALpdfDatabase management system lLABMANUALpdf
Database management system lLABMANUALpdf
 
ECI519_Syllabus_Spring_2016-6
ECI519_Syllabus_Spring_2016-6ECI519_Syllabus_Spring_2016-6
ECI519_Syllabus_Spring_2016-6
 
Data Structures 2005
Data Structures 2005Data Structures 2005
Data Structures 2005
 
SE LAB MANUAL (R16).pdf
SE LAB MANUAL (R16).pdfSE LAB MANUAL (R16).pdf
SE LAB MANUAL (R16).pdf
 
Content Wizard: Concept-Based Recommender System for Instructors of Programmi...
Content Wizard: Concept-Based Recommender System for Instructors of Programmi...Content Wizard: Concept-Based Recommender System for Instructors of Programmi...
Content Wizard: Concept-Based Recommender System for Instructors of Programmi...
 
An Automatic Question Paper Generation : Using Bloom's Taxonomy
An Automatic Question Paper Generation : Using Bloom's   TaxonomyAn Automatic Question Paper Generation : Using Bloom's   Taxonomy
An Automatic Question Paper Generation : Using Bloom's Taxonomy
 

Plus de butest

EL MODELO DE NEGOCIO DE YOUTUBE
EL MODELO DE NEGOCIO DE YOUTUBEEL MODELO DE NEGOCIO DE YOUTUBE
EL MODELO DE NEGOCIO DE YOUTUBEbutest
 
1. MPEG I.B.P frame之不同
1. MPEG I.B.P frame之不同1. MPEG I.B.P frame之不同
1. MPEG I.B.P frame之不同butest
 
LESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIAL
LESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIALLESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIAL
LESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIALbutest
 
Timeline: The Life of Michael Jackson
Timeline: The Life of Michael JacksonTimeline: The Life of Michael Jackson
Timeline: The Life of Michael Jacksonbutest
 
Popular Reading Last Updated April 1, 2010 Adams, Lorraine The ...
Popular Reading Last Updated April 1, 2010 Adams, Lorraine The ...Popular Reading Last Updated April 1, 2010 Adams, Lorraine The ...
Popular Reading Last Updated April 1, 2010 Adams, Lorraine The ...butest
 
LESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIAL
LESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIALLESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIAL
LESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIALbutest
 
Com 380, Summer II
Com 380, Summer IICom 380, Summer II
Com 380, Summer IIbutest
 
The MYnstrel Free Press Volume 2: Economic Struggles, Meet Jazz
The MYnstrel Free Press Volume 2: Economic Struggles, Meet JazzThe MYnstrel Free Press Volume 2: Economic Struggles, Meet Jazz
The MYnstrel Free Press Volume 2: Economic Struggles, Meet Jazzbutest
 
MICHAEL JACKSON.doc
MICHAEL JACKSON.docMICHAEL JACKSON.doc
MICHAEL JACKSON.docbutest
 
Social Networks: Twitter Facebook SL - Slide 1
Social Networks: Twitter Facebook SL - Slide 1Social Networks: Twitter Facebook SL - Slide 1
Social Networks: Twitter Facebook SL - Slide 1butest
 
Facebook
Facebook Facebook
Facebook butest
 
Executive Summary Hare Chevrolet is a General Motors dealership ...
Executive Summary Hare Chevrolet is a General Motors dealership ...Executive Summary Hare Chevrolet is a General Motors dealership ...
Executive Summary Hare Chevrolet is a General Motors dealership ...butest
 
Welcome to the Dougherty County Public Library's Facebook and ...
Welcome to the Dougherty County Public Library's Facebook and ...Welcome to the Dougherty County Public Library's Facebook and ...
Welcome to the Dougherty County Public Library's Facebook and ...butest
 
NEWS ANNOUNCEMENT
NEWS ANNOUNCEMENTNEWS ANNOUNCEMENT
NEWS ANNOUNCEMENTbutest
 
C-2100 Ultra Zoom.doc
C-2100 Ultra Zoom.docC-2100 Ultra Zoom.doc
C-2100 Ultra Zoom.docbutest
 
MAC Printing on ITS Printers.doc.doc
MAC Printing on ITS Printers.doc.docMAC Printing on ITS Printers.doc.doc
MAC Printing on ITS Printers.doc.docbutest
 
Mac OS X Guide.doc
Mac OS X Guide.docMac OS X Guide.doc
Mac OS X Guide.docbutest
 
WEB DESIGN!
WEB DESIGN!WEB DESIGN!
WEB DESIGN!butest
 

Plus de butest (20)

EL MODELO DE NEGOCIO DE YOUTUBE
EL MODELO DE NEGOCIO DE YOUTUBEEL MODELO DE NEGOCIO DE YOUTUBE
EL MODELO DE NEGOCIO DE YOUTUBE
 
1. MPEG I.B.P frame之不同
1. MPEG I.B.P frame之不同1. MPEG I.B.P frame之不同
1. MPEG I.B.P frame之不同
 
LESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIAL
LESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIALLESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIAL
LESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIAL
 
Timeline: The Life of Michael Jackson
Timeline: The Life of Michael JacksonTimeline: The Life of Michael Jackson
Timeline: The Life of Michael Jackson
 
Popular Reading Last Updated April 1, 2010 Adams, Lorraine The ...
Popular Reading Last Updated April 1, 2010 Adams, Lorraine The ...Popular Reading Last Updated April 1, 2010 Adams, Lorraine The ...
Popular Reading Last Updated April 1, 2010 Adams, Lorraine The ...
 
LESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIAL
LESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIALLESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIAL
LESSONS FROM THE MICHAEL JACKSON TRIAL
 
Com 380, Summer II
Com 380, Summer IICom 380, Summer II
Com 380, Summer II
 
PPT
PPTPPT
PPT
 
The MYnstrel Free Press Volume 2: Economic Struggles, Meet Jazz
The MYnstrel Free Press Volume 2: Economic Struggles, Meet JazzThe MYnstrel Free Press Volume 2: Economic Struggles, Meet Jazz
The MYnstrel Free Press Volume 2: Economic Struggles, Meet Jazz
 
MICHAEL JACKSON.doc
MICHAEL JACKSON.docMICHAEL JACKSON.doc
MICHAEL JACKSON.doc
 
Social Networks: Twitter Facebook SL - Slide 1
Social Networks: Twitter Facebook SL - Slide 1Social Networks: Twitter Facebook SL - Slide 1
Social Networks: Twitter Facebook SL - Slide 1
 
Facebook
Facebook Facebook
Facebook
 
Executive Summary Hare Chevrolet is a General Motors dealership ...
Executive Summary Hare Chevrolet is a General Motors dealership ...Executive Summary Hare Chevrolet is a General Motors dealership ...
Executive Summary Hare Chevrolet is a General Motors dealership ...
 
Welcome to the Dougherty County Public Library's Facebook and ...
Welcome to the Dougherty County Public Library's Facebook and ...Welcome to the Dougherty County Public Library's Facebook and ...
Welcome to the Dougherty County Public Library's Facebook and ...
 
NEWS ANNOUNCEMENT
NEWS ANNOUNCEMENTNEWS ANNOUNCEMENT
NEWS ANNOUNCEMENT
 
C-2100 Ultra Zoom.doc
C-2100 Ultra Zoom.docC-2100 Ultra Zoom.doc
C-2100 Ultra Zoom.doc
 
MAC Printing on ITS Printers.doc.doc
MAC Printing on ITS Printers.doc.docMAC Printing on ITS Printers.doc.doc
MAC Printing on ITS Printers.doc.doc
 
Mac OS X Guide.doc
Mac OS X Guide.docMac OS X Guide.doc
Mac OS X Guide.doc
 
hier
hierhier
hier
 
WEB DESIGN!
WEB DESIGN!WEB DESIGN!
WEB DESIGN!
 

Machine Learning

  • 1. COURSE DESCRIPTION Department and Course Course CS461 Russ Abbott Number Coordinator Course Total Title Machine Learning Credits 4 Current Catalog Description: Means that enable computers to perform tasks for which they were not explicitly programmed; learning paradigms include inductive generalization for examples, genetic algorithms, and connectionist systems such as neural nets. Textbook: Mitchell, Tom., Machine Learning, McGraw-Hill, 1997. References: At the discretion of the instructor. Course Goals: • To introduce students to tools and techniques for modeling complex systems and for the automatic creation computer programs. Subsidiary goals will depend on the approach(es) the instructor chooses to take. o To introduce students to the theories, tools, and technologies used to study complexity, including evolutionary computing and agent-based modeling. o To introduce students to inductive generalization from examples and other traditional learning paradigms. o To introduce students to the use of artificial neural nets for learning. These course goals contribute to the success of Student Learning Outcomes 1.a, 1.d, 1.e, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Prerequisites by Topic: • Fluent in at least one programming language • Fluent in data structures and algorithms • Computational complexity Major Topics Covered in the Course: This list represents the possible topics covered on this course. At the discretion of the instructor, the course focuses on some of these topics.
  • 2. Agent-based modeling • Modeling probability density functions and optimization in artificial neural networks, decision trees, Gaussian process regression (k-Nearest Neighbor and expectation-maximization algorithm), Bayesian networks, Markov Random Fields, and support vector machines. • Complex systems; the nature of emergence, evolutionary programming and optimization through evolutionary programming Laboratory Projects (specify number of weeks on each): At the discretion of the instructor. Projects range from weekly assignments to three more significant projects covering 3 weeks each over the course of the term. Estimate Curriculum Category Content (Quarter Hours) Area Core Advanced Area Core Advanced Algorithms 1.0 Data Structures 1.0 Software Design 1.0 Prog. Languages 1.0 Comp. Arch. Oral and Written Communications: Students are required to submit and discuss the source code and documentation of the work that they do. Social and Ethical Issues: No significant component. Theoretical Content: At the discretion of the instructor, possibly including an introduction to theoretical foundations of agent-based modeling, types of learning algorithms, complex systems, and evolutionary programming Problem Analysis: Students are required to identify the issues involved when required to design a system that learns and evolves. Solution Design: Solution design involves developing programs that use techniques such as agent based modeling, learning from observation, artificial neural networks, and evolutionary programming.