1. Universidad Católica de la Ssima. Concepción Mark: __________
Facultad de Educación
Pedagogía en Inglés
LEXICAL ANALYSIS 2013
Name: _________________________________ Date: _________ Ideal Score: _39.5__ Score __________
I. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH TRUE OR FALSE. JUSTIFY THE FALSE (8 pts.)
1. ____ The word English derives from the Germanic tribe: the Angles.
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____ French and Latin loanwords are used in English to add formality to language.
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. ____ The distribution of linguistic diversity does not implies demographic factors
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. ____ The notions of Language and dialect are fundamentally linguistics and not social constructs.
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. ____ Lingua Francas correspond to languages used across wide areas for intergroup communication.
_____________________________________________________________________________
6. ____ Scandinavian is the most important of the external influences on English grammar and vocabulary.
_____________________________________________________________________________
7. ____ One of the major changes that occurred between Old English and Modern English is a change from analytic
to synthetic language.
_____________________________________________________________________________
8. ____ The speech register used for the lower-status people is more elaborated than that used for highest-status
people.
_____________________________________________________________________________
II. CIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWER. (5 pts.)
1. Loanwords that include many political and cultural terms, such as government, authority and judge are words
borrowed from:
a) Latin
b) German
c) French
2. Which period of English began in 1500?
a) Modern English
b) Middle English
c) Early Modern English
3. Modern English is composed of at least:
a) 14 vowels and 25 consonants
b) 10 vowels and 23 consonants
c) 14 vowels and 21 consonants
4. “Group of people who do not necessarily share the same language, but share a set of norms and rules for the use
of language”.
Which of the following concepts corresponds to the definition above?
a) Communicative competence
b) Speech community
c) Communicative performance

2. 5. A dialect varies depending on which levels of organization?
I. Pronunciation
II. Grammar or Syntax
III. Vocabulary
a) Only II
b) I – II
c) I – II – III
III. DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS (6 pts.)
1. Accent:
2. Dialect:
3. Register:
IV. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH THE MISSING WORDS. (8 pts.)
1. In Europe, there is a close association between ______________, ______________, ______________.
2. A dialect varies depending on three levels of organization: ___________, ___________ and ___________.
3. Latin exerted a strong influence on ______________ and ______________ languages.
4. Complete the chart with me missing information (4.5)
VARIETY OF
LANGUAGE
TYPICAL FOR A/AN ALSO CALLED
V. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS (8 pts.)
1. Define external and internal change of the language and explain the main difference of these concepts.
2. Explain with your own words the relation between society and language.

3. Universidad Católica de la Ssima. Concepción Mark: __________
Facultad de Educación
Pedagogía en Inglés
LEXICAL ANALYSIS 2013
ANSWER KEY
TEACHERS: Bruno Caballero y Camila Muñoz.
Name: _________________________________ Date: _________ Ideal Score: _39.5__ Score __________
I. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH TRUE OR FALSE. JUSTIFY THE FALSE (8 pts.)
1. _V__ The word English derives from the Germanic tribe: the Angles.
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. _V__ French and Latin loanwords are used in English to add formality to language.
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. _F__ The distribution of linguistic diversity does not implies demographic factors
____The distribution of linguistic diversity does implies demographic factors.______________
4. _F__ The notions of Language and dialect are fundamentally linguistics and not social constructs.
____Language and dialect are fundamentally social constructs than linguistics._____________
5. _V__ Lingua Francas correspond to languages used across wide areas for intergroup communication.
_____________________________________________________________________________
6. _V__ Scandinavian is the most important of the external influences on English grammar and vocabulary.
_____________________________________________________________________________
7. _F__ One of the major changes that occurred between Old English and Modern English is a change from analytic
to synthetic language.
____The major change is from synthetic to analytic language. ___________________________
8. _V__ The speech register used for the lower-status people is more elaborated than that used for highest-status
people.
_____________________________________________________________________________
II. CIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWER. (5 pts.)
1. Loanwords that include many political and cultural terms, such as government, authority and judge are words
borrowed from:
a) Latin
b) German
c) French
2. Which period of English began in 1500?
a) Modern English
b) Middle English
c) Early Modern English
3. Modern English is composed of at least:
a) 14 vowels and 25 consonants
b) 10 vowels and 23 consonants
c) 14 vowels and 21 consonants
4. “Group of people who do not necessarily share the same language, but share a set of norms and rules for the use
of language”.
Which of the following concepts corresponds to the definition above?
a) Communicative competence
b) Speech community
c) Communicative performance

4. 5. A dialect varies depending on which levels of organization?
I. Pronunciation
II. Grammar or Syntax
III. Vocabulary
a) Only II
b) I – II
c) I – II – III
III. DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS (6 pts.)
1. Accent:Accent: It consists in a way of pronouncing a variety of a language.
2. Dialect:It refers to a subordinate variety of a language which has historical connotations, according to specific
boundaries, geographical features and social groups.
3. Register:It is a variation in language conditioned by uses rather than users, and it involves consideration of
context, purpose and relation between speakers.
IV. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH THE MISSING WORDS. (8 pts.)
1. In Europe, there is a close association between _names of the country_, __people_____, ____languages__.
2. A dialect varies depending on three levels of organization: __vocabulary___, __syntax___ and __pronunciation__.
3. Latin exerted a strong influence on ___Celtic______ and ___Germanic____ languages.
4. Complete the chart with me missing information (4.5)
VARIETY OF
LANGUAGE
TYPICAL FOR A/AN ALSO CALLED
REGIONAL REGION DIALECT
SOCIAL SOCIAL GROUP SOCIOLECT
REGISTER OCCUPATION JARGON
V. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS (8 pts.)
1. Define external and internal change of the language and explain the main difference of these concepts.
External changes are brought about by language contact (between speakers of different languages), or
innovations by speakers, or issues of political or social identity. Internal changes occurs when speakers stop using
endings or reflections and stat to rely on words such as of, for and the, for example. The difference between external
and internal changes is that external changes are more unpredictable, because it is impossible to foresee who will
migrate to a place, instead internal changes are predictable. There are some factors that inhibit internal change
namely prescriptive rules that are usually taught in schools.
2. Explain with your own words the relation between society and language.
There is not a direct relation between these words, but there are certain aspects which join them, such as
levels of formality, vocabulary and accent. Moreover,both concepts are important components of the world speech.
The language, on one hand, is conditioned by the society according to the mentioned aspects but, on the other hand
Language is the main reason why the society exists. Basically, without language, the society could not exist and
viceversa.

5. REFLECTION OF THE TEXTS
By: Camila Muñoz & Bruno Caballero
The texts “The English Language” and “Language in Society” explain the concept of Language from
different points of views, in a way to make it easier to understand and to link it to English Lexical Analysis.
The information that these texts contain, allows us knowing the influence that geographical characteristics,
social classes and the development of English during the history have on the current English language
according to specific terms such as accent, dialect, level of formality, vocabulary and register.
According to the texts, the location is an important factor that affects the language in a way of
modifying not only the vocabulary but also the dialect (languages varieties); this feature is called “Regional
dialect”. Furthermore, the different social classes which conforms the society also modify the language
according to factors as morphology and levels of formality. A good example of this issue is that the highest-
status people speech is more elaborated than that lower-status people, the main reason is the difference
of education between them along many years and the relationship that is kept by them with the rest,
obviously in each specific social position.
Another important variant of the English language is the history; every period along this language
marks important characteristics and evolution of the English. Specifically the text “English Language”
mentions and distinguishes four periods of English: Old English 450-1150, Middle English 1150-1500, Early
Modern English 1500-1700 and finally Modern English 1700-now. Knowing these periods is important for
English learners in a way to identify the origin of this language and the changes that has had and the
changes that will have in the future.
The texts show some technical terms such as accent and register, which helps to understand in a
better way the correct pronunciation of the varieties of languages in different parts of the world.
Moreover, it presents how these variations of languages are conditioned by uses rather than users, and
finally how these variations involve consideration of these features on context, purpose and relation
between speakers, which is very useful among the acts of communication.
The texts contain information that helps to understand more about the language that we are
learning, and also to improve our own culture and to respect the culture of the rest. This reflection is based
on the topic: “Language, Society and Reality: Different words, different worlds”. But, what does it mean?
The answer falls down immediately, and it is linked to a kind of mixture that exists among these three
words (Language, Society and Reality), which means that they are different words, but each one is an
important component of the world. The language, firstly, in spite of being conditioned by the society and
its different realities, it is the main reason why the society exists. Basically, without language, the society
could not exist and the realities could not be concretely explained and lived.