![ The absence of organised union activities was much felt in the
beginning of 20th century
Combination among workers and joint action at least to maintain
even the starvation wages, became an unavoidable need of the
time.
Background of the Act
The pace of such organised trade union movement was
accelerated by the inflation after Ist World War.
The establishment of I.L.O in 1919 gave a morale boost to the
workers’ organisation.
The formation of the A.I.T.U.C (All India Trade Union Congress)
in 1920 by fusing 107 unions constituted an important landmark
in the history of Trade Union movement in India.
[It was not affiliated to any political party]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Trade Unions Act, 1926 ( Introduction)
- 1. TRADE UNIONS ACT, 1926 (Amendments in 1947, 1950,2001) The right to form association/union is elevated as a Fundamental right guaranteed under Art. 19(1)(c). The recognition of workers’ right to combine/ organise any collective action, was not at all recognised as a legal right in India until Trade Unions Act, 1926 was passed. It was risky to organise the workers till 1926. Such unions were construed to be illegal combinations, were held liable for tortious conspiracy and were compelled to pay compensation for the financial loss sustained by the employer.
- 2. The absence of organised union activities was much felt in the beginning of 20th century Combination among workers and joint action at least to maintain even the starvation wages, became an unavoidable need of the time. Background of the Act The pace of such organised trade union movement was accelerated by the inflation after Ist World War. The establishment of I.L.O in 1919 gave a morale boost to the workers’ organisation. The formation of the A.I.T.U.C (All India Trade Union Congress) in 1920 by fusing 107 unions constituted an important landmark in the history of Trade Union movement in India. [It was not affiliated to any political party]
- 3. By workers’ collective action, they successfully pressurized the imperial Govt. to enact the legislations. A purely literal interpretations to the crucial provisions of the Act was adopted by the Madras High Court in 1920 to the effect that trade unions were illegal conspiracies. The Union officials were held liable to prosecutions and imprisonment even for bonafide trade union organisers. This provoked the Indian Legislative Assembly to adopt a resolution demanding a law for the registration and protection of trade unions in 1921. Finally, the Govt. was compelled to give shape to the Indian Trade Unions Act in 1926.
- 4. OBJECTS AND SCOPE The Trade Union is not limited to the workers union, but comprehends employers association as well. It is to protect the legitimate interests of the working class. FEATURES OF TRADE UNIONS ACT ,1926 It legalises Trade Union [sec. 13] It provides registration of Trade Union [sec.4-8] Immunities of Trade Union [sec. 17-18] Political Activities [sec.16] Associates Outsiders [ sec.22] Promotes Collective agreements.