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降低制药业的颗粒暴露
Maharshi Mehta, CSP, CIH
International Safety Systems, Inc.
PO Box 475 Washingtonville,
New York, USA 10926
Maharshi.mehta@issehs.com
Ms. Lili Deng
Project Manager, China North East Asia
International Safety Systems, Inc.
Shanghai, China
Lili.deng@issehs.com +86- 135 2406 1672
内容
 介绍
 减少颗粒物暴露的独特挑战
 职业暴露等级
 确定暴露控制的需求
 单元操作中的暴露控制
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制药化合物
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制药化合物
辅料
职业接触限值低
OEL不适用于许多化合物
和中间物
无适合的取样和分析方法
暴露物控制基于职业暴露
等级(OEB)
OEB-举例
OELs
(µg/m3)
OEB
> 1000 1
1000 - 101 2
100 -1 3
< 1 4
OEBs 举例
确定暴露控制的需求
 高质量暴露物检测
 API 暴露物监测
 替代暴露物监测
 基于OEBs的控制
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API 暴露物监测
采样媒介
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• 确定方法
• 参数因素(例如流量和
样本量)
• 任务基于时间加权平均
值(TWA)监测
• 分析实验室
• 示例结果的解释
代理监测
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• 国际制药工程协会
(ISPE)
• SMEPAC委员会
• ISPE实践指南:评估制
药装备的微粒物性能
标准测量方法
--建立遏制系统图应对具
体挑战
--建立机制,可用于满足
从业人员和供应商要求。
OEB 1 设计标准
因素 标准
房间设计 GMP
加工设备 GMP
产品转移 GMP
局部排出 GMP
通风 GMP
再次流通 Yes, if HEPA
换气 > 15 每小时
压力差 无
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OEB 2 设计标准
因素 标准
房间设计 半封闭
加工设备 半封闭
产品转移 GMP
局部排出 方向性
通风 HEPA filtered
再次流通 Yes, if HEPA
换气 > 15 每小时
压力差 0.03 in H2O
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OEB 3 设计标准
因素 标准
房间设计 入口封锁
加工设备 封闭
产品转移 封闭
局部排出 HEPA out
通风 HEPA filtered in/out
再次流通 不允许
换气 > 15 per hour
压力差 0.05 in H2O
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OEB 4 设计标准
因素 标准
房间设计 Air lock entry
加工设备 隔离技术
产品转移 隔离技术
局部排出 GMP HEPA out
通风 HEPA filtered in/out
再次流通 不允许
换气 > 10 每小时
压力差 0.05 in H2O
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少量固体物分发和称量
无效: 分发和处理空袋子时有暴露风险
有效:层流间 非常有效: Dispensing Cell
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设备装载
 无效:可能在以下情况暴露:
– 手动处理固体物
– 滤尘袋处理 - (暴露物的主要来源)
非常有效
Charging booth
有效: Reactor
Charging with LEV
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混合
•真空型双锥混合器 V 混合机
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磨粉
Very Effective: In-Line
Cone Mill
非常有效: 含磨粉机
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压缩
Not Effective
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实验室测重个人暴露实例(API)
 样本大小: 9
 结果范围: < 0.04 – 0.41 μg/m3
 样本时长: 27 – 34 分钟
 样本重量: < 1 gram
 8/9样本< detection limit (< 0.04 - <
0.93 μg/m3 )
18
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呼吸保护-动力空气净化呼吸器(PAPRs)
优势:
• 轻便
• 可移动
• 呼吸阻力更小
• 工作持续时间更长
不足:
• Variability in Assigned Protection factor
• 保护措施的效果也有差异
• 使用不正确则达不到保护效果(内襟翼
内侧卷起长袍)
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穿戴要求和个人防护用品
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可再利用VS一次性
鞋套
污染物续存
穿戴练习
气塞
薄雾淋浴
两副手套
谢谢!
提问环节
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