1. Welcome to a 1-day course “Understanding and Producing Effective Logframes” 28 th January 2011 NIDOS Training Programme, Edinburgh www.nidos.org.uk

5. A logframe can look something like this…. Objectives & activities Purpose Goal Outputs Activities Means Indicators Means of verification Assumptions Cost

6. … Or can include different terms. Don’t over-focus on the language and the variations in the various logframe models. Just use the format which the donor/NGO requires. The important lesson is to learn to think through projects using the logic model, and not to focus on the differences in terminology too much.

14. What information should I include in a LF? Firstly, think of your project in terms of ... PLAN IMPLEMENT THE WIDER GOAL: Explain the bigger picture that your project will contribute towards YOUR PROJECT PURPOSE: In specific terms, explain what your project will achieve, by when, where and who will be affected. YOUR PROJECT ACTIVITIES List the activities which your project will actually do. We only do the activities – all of the above will follow. YOUR PROJECT OUTPUTS: List the impact/results which your project will have .

15. Completing the first column of the LF The broad development impact or ‘big picture’ to which this project will contribute, i.e. normally a national or sector level achievement. Statement Wording: “To contribute to, to reduce, to improve…” “To contribute to a reduction in the national population growth by lowering the fertility rate from 6.0 to 5.6.” The overall purpose of this project. In one sentence, state the expected impact or effect on the target group, by when and where, of this project. Statement Wording: “To increase, To improve...” To increase , from 10% to 30%, the effective use of modern contraceptive by eligible groups in village x, over the project period..” The specific and direct results/impact that the project will deliver, after activities have been done. These are under the control of the project. Statement Wording: “...delivered/produced/changed, etc.” “Primary health care clinic renovated, fully equipped and functioning. Clinic staff keeping regular records” The tasks that need to be carried out to deliver the planned results. We only ‘do’ the activities – the rest will follow if the logic is correct. Statement Wording: “Prepare, design, construct, research…, etc.” Train clinic staff in record keeping. Renovate clinic. Project Description Goal Purpose Outputs Activities

16. Test the ‘if’ logic… if ACTIVITIES are undertaken then OUTPUTS will be produced if OUTPUTS are produced then the PROJECT PURPOSE will be achieved if the PROJECT PURPOSE is achieved then the project will contribute towards the GOAL Start here

18. Example of Goal, Purpose, Outputs and Activities Goal Purpose Outputs Activities Project Description Indicators Source of Verification Assumptions To contribute to improved health, particularly of under 5s and the general health of the river ecosystem. Improved quality of river water in Tabo Province, by end of 2013. 1.1 Reduced volume of toilet waste discharged into river 1.2 Reduced volume of household refuse directly dumped into the river system 1.1.1 Conduct baseline survey of households 1.1.2 Prepare and deliver public awareness campaign 1.1.3 Prepare engineering specifications for latrines and expanded sewage network. 1.2.1 Etc. 1.2.1 Etc.

19. In reality, it is never quite as simple as that. There are certain assumptions we are basing our project success on (4 th column) For example...

20. Test the ‘If and Then’ Logic

22. The assessment of assumptions

26. How are we going to measure the success of our project? Indicators (2 nd column)

33. Goal-level Indicators Project Description Indicators Goal Many organisations/donors do not expect a Project to measure impact or change at the goal level. This is because the project usually only contributes to the achievement of the goal, rather than actually achieving the goal. However, performance indicator statements and associated data can usefully be drawn from appropriate, already-existing sources such as Amnesty International, FAO, Transparency International, World Bank, UN, national government reports, HDI Index, etc. Therefore, it is worth sourcing relevant data, to include as an indicator at goal-level, but the project shouldn’t specifically collect it. Purpose Outputs Activities

34. How are we going to collect the information to measure the indicators? Means of Verification

38. The order for normally completing the boxes is shown below….

45. Problem Tree CAUSE EFFECT

57. PROBLEM TREE: BUS EXAMPLE Loss of confidence in bus company People are late Passengers hurt or killed Frequent bus accidents Effects Core problem Drivers not careful enough Bad conditions of vehicles Bad road conditions Vehicles too old No ongoing maintenance Causes

58. OBJECTIVES TREE: BUS EXAMPLE Customers have a better image of the bus company Passengers arrive at scheduled time Less passengers hurt Frequency of bus accidents considerably reduced Drivers drive carefully and responsibly Keep vehicles in good condition Improve road conditions Replace old vehicles Regularly maintain and check vehicles Outputs Activities Purpose

66. Examples of Goal Statements

77. Supplement the logframe with the use of other tools, e.g. Project Timeline

78. This presentation featured in the NIDOS training programme: www.nidos.org.uk Contact details: Jill Gentle Independent Consultant (specialising in project management, participatory tools, community development methodologies) [email_address] 07773 016356