This is a presentation into the different types of management types in organisation behavior, their historical contexts and how they apply in the modern world to Morrisons Supermarkets. These include F.W. Taylors Scientific Management approach, Systems Theory and the Management of Change in the working environment. This was presented on 6th November 2009 at the University of East Anglia and was made by a student as part of their Assignment.

1. BA Hons.Business Management.Managing Organisations: Systems Theory and Scientific Management

2. Wm Morrison's Supermarkets PLC Own supply chain. Prepare fresh food in store Visions and Values Fourth Largest Supermarket Retailer in the UK. Focus of Fresh and Value. Founded in 1898 in Bradford. Acquisition of Safeway in 2004. Joined the FTSE 100.

3. TEST Systems Theory Firms are seen as living organisms. Adapting to their environments as they change. Components of the systems are interdependent from one another, but cannot be understood unless examined as whole. Interaction-influence model. Activities are a product of their environments, not the other way around. Socio-technical perspective. A sum of a series of interactions involving organisation aspects, environmental aspects and business activities. Environmental inputs, internal process and eventual outputs.

4. Systems Theory Diagram Input Transformation Output Environmental influences Political Social Economic Technological Legal Environmental Outputs from other systems Environmental influences Political Social Economic Technological Legal Environmental Inputs into other Systems Environmental influences Political Social Economic Technological Legal Environmental Feedback Measurement of success Inputs and Outputs into and out of other systems

5. 5 Scientific Management Founded by F.W.Taylor. (1856-1917) Often criticized but to remember that he was studying this around time of major industrial changes ‘Father of Scientific Management’ Increasing levels of output by monetary incentives as a motivator as well as formal organisation structures. ‘One Best Way’ to carry out a job. Ford Motors Manufacturing Plant and Pig Iron Experiment. Hand Washing Procedure ● Counter Merchandising Procedures ● Special/Additional Merchandising Procedures ● Food Preparation ● Packaging Procedures

8. Kotter’s 8 Stages of Change Management leading the people side of change... Optimisation Plan ● Stakeholder Engagement ● Employee Engagement ● Corporate and Social Responsibility Practices

9. It is unusual for any change not to attract some resistance. Even with foresight, pre-planning all the apparent logic behind the need to change, you should expect some resistance as the norm. Recognise and welcome it as a healthy response and an opportunity to openly debate possibilities and treat resistance as a powerful ally in facilitating the learning process Phillip Atkinson - ’Managing resistance in change’ Conclusion The System Approach is seen as a living organism whereby a business system interacts and adapts to its environment as it changes and the systems outputs are products of their environment. Scientific management is derived from ‘one best way to do a job’ and that the people within the systems are seen as a part of the production process (or machines). The Management of Change can be seen as an extension of the systems approach in that change management looks at the environmental influences, and adapts the business to those changes, but deals with the ‘people concerns’ of those changes internally.

10. References Anglia Ruskin University Mullins, L.J., 2007. Management and Organisational Behaviour: 8th ed. Harlow: Prentice Hall.* Class Notes Wm Morrison Supermarkets PLC, 2009. Annual Report and Financial Statements 2009.[Online] Available at: http://www.morrisons.co.uk/ [Accessed 16th September 2009] Wm Morison Supermarkets PLC, 2009. Corporate and Social Responsibility Report 2009. [Online] Available at: http://www.morrisons.co.uk [Accessed 16th September 2009]