Presentation on job interview techniques by John McMenamin, Careers Consultant, University of Westminster

1. Interview Techniques Workshop
John McMenamin
Careers Consultant
Career Development Centre

2. Workshop Objectives
1. To outline principles and tips for successful
interviews
2. To explore employers’ expectations
3. To share previous interview experiences and
best practice
4. To assess your own levels of confidence
5. To practice creating and delivering answers to
common interview questions

3. Workshop Content
1. What you need to do before an interview
2. What is a job interview?
3. What are employers looking for?
4. Interview behaviour
5. Interview questions
6. Interview tips

4. Three things you need to do before
an interview
1. Preparation
2. Preparation
3. Preparation

5. 1. Preparation
1. RESEARCH yourself
2. RESEARCH the job
3. RESEARCH the organisation
4. RESEARCH the sector

6. 2. Preparation
Knowledge about yourself
– Re-read your application
– Strengths and weaknesses
– Why you want the job?
Knowledge about the job itself
– What skills do you need?
– How can you demonstrate these skills with examples from
University, work, outside interests?
Knowledge about the organisation & sector
– Why do you want to work for that organisation?
– What’s happening in the sector right now?

7. 3. Preparation
– What will the interview format be?
– How will you get there?
– Rehearse your answers
(We can help you with this!)
– Questions for the interviewer – shows interest
and enthusiasm for the role + tells you more
about the job – take a notepad with you – jot
down questions as they occur to you
– Prepare but don’t overprepare

8. What is a job interview?

9. An interview is…
– a two-way process – Do they want you? Do you
want them?
– your opportunity to show them your personality
and tell them the things you couldn’t fit into your
application.
– where the employer’s preconception of you based
on your application is either reinforced or
destroyed.
– proof that you have shown the employer enough
for them to think you are a worthy candidate for
the job. But are you the best?

10. Employer’s perspective
Simon Reichwald – Bright Futures Resourcing Ltd
Link requires a University of Westminster login:
http://mycareer.wmin.ac.uk/video/mpeg/r1610.mpg

11. Typical Interview Format
– Introduction phase
– The formal interview
– Information about the organization
– Summing up / questions about the job

12. Every job interview is a ‘marketing’
exercise, so…
– Be clear about what you want to
communicate
– Support what you say with evidence
(more on this later)

13. What are looking for?

14. Employers: Three Questions
– Can you do the job?
Do you have the knowledge and skills?
– Do you want to do the job?
Do you have the motivation?
– Will you fit in?
Do you have relevant values and personal
qualities?

15. Employers’ Wish List
– Communication skills
– Interpersonal skills
– Customer service skills
– Teamwork
– Commercial
awareness
– Problem-solving skills
– Enthusiasm
– Motivation
– Initiative
– Leadership
– Commitment
– Interpersonal Skills
– Organisational Skills
– Others…..

16. Interview behaviour

17. The Interview- First Impressions
Dress
– Appropriate business dress, clean shoes!
What to take
– Certificates if needed, copies of CV/application
Arrive on time
– Plan the route
– Leave extra journey time for problems
Meeting the interviewers
– Relax, but remember you are being observed
Body language
– Handshake, eye contact

18. Behavioural Characteristics
– Remain calm
– Remember your body language
– Tone of voice
– Be yourself
– First impressions count
– Communication styles

19. Body Language
Inhibited
 Saying little
 Speaking very softly
 Meek tone of voice
 Allows interruptions
 Sitting lower than others
 Downcast eyes
 Hand wringing
Assertive
 Smiling
 Eye contact
 Balanced posture
 Being on the same level
 Relaxed tone of voice
 Proximity
 Open gestures
Aggressive
 Forceful gestures
 Harsh tone of voice
 Ignoring responses
 Speaking too much
 Standing over others
 Staring
 Interrupting




20. 30 Second Advert
‘Tell me about yourself’
– Name/current status
– Achievements
– What you value/enjoy
– Your interpersonal skills

21. Interview questions

22. Types of Questions
1. Motivational Questions
2. Technical Questions
3. Competency Questions

23. Motivational Questions
Designed to test your motivation for the job
and the organisation
– Why do you want to work here?
– How much do you know about our organisation?
– Where do you see yourself in 5/10 years time?

24. Technical Questions
– These relate to your ability to use the technology you
have learnt from your course/work experience
– “What systems and software are you competent in?”
– “What do you know about working in a photographic
laboratory?”
– “What experience do you have of using the following… ?”

25. Competency Questions
– Questions based on the general
competencies all employers expect from
graduates (team skills, communication,
problem solving etc..)
– eg “Can you tell us about a time when
you...worked in a team/dealt with a difficult
customer/met a deadline?”
– The key is providing evidence based responses
based on the STAR formula…

26. Skills Based Examples
Use the STAR model:
– S – situation
briefly outline where you were, what was your job?
- T – task
explain the task you encountered, what had to be done?
– A – action
what specific actions did you take to overcome the
difficulty?
– R – results
what were the results and what did you learn?

27. Example of a STAR response
Describe a time when you have used an innovative approach
to solving a problem:
Situation
Task
Action
Result
When I was assistant manager of an IT training workshop at a
college in Brighton, we had a student who couldn’t raise her
hand to ask questions due to arthritis in her shoulders. She
would get very frustrated when she had a problem and even
more frustrated when she couldn’t get the attention of one of my
staff to get the problem fixed. I went out and bought a set of
decorative lights that attach to the sides of computer monitors
which could be switched on and off by a button next to the
keyboard. I informed her and my staff that if she had a problem,
she should switch the light on and then my staff would be able
to see that she had a problem and could deal with it accordingly.
She was very satisfied with the solution and found the learning
experience much easier and more rewarding.

28. Problem Solving
‘Describe a difficult problem
that you have solved’
–What was the problem?
–How did you analyse and solve the problem?
–Is there anything you would do differently?’

29. ‘Why Have You Applied To Us?’
– Aim to show you know what they do and how
they operate
– Link it to what you are interested in / have
experience of (from your studies / work exp etc)
– Try to make it unique to them (Vs other
companies) and to you (Vs other applicants).

30. Questions to ask your interviewer(s)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OUGevSj7I0A

31. Interview tips

32. Interview Checklist
– Switch mobile off
– Look prepared
– Be prepared
– Eye contact
– Answer questions using STAR model
– Be prepared to ask questions yourself
– Take a copy of your application (CV or
application form)

33. 10 Tips for a good interview
1. Assume the interview starts the moment you
enter the building
2. Listen to the question and answer it, ask for
clarification if unsure what they are asking
3. Engage all interviewers in eye contact
4. Always back up everything you are saying with
examples from your experience
5. Avoid taking notes in with you and certainly
never read from them if you do

34. 10 Tips for a good interview
6. Always have questions ready for the end
7. Know what you’ve said in your application and
be prepared to discuss the details
8. If they don’t tell you, ask when you will hear
about the outcome of the interview
9. Thank the interviewers
(by name if you are confident that you remember them)
10. Smile! 

35. Calming job interview nerves
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqXMITOhjy4

36. Interview practice
– Describe a time when you worked as part of an
effective team, what did you do and what was the
outcome?
– Describe a time when you solved a difficult
problem. What did you do and what was the
outcome?
– What is your biggest weakness?
– What factors have influenced your career choice?

37. Summary

38. Interview No-nos
– Lack of knowledge of company
– Lack of knowledge of field/industry
– Lack of enthusiasm
– Late to interview
– Over-confident / casual
– Discussing salary expectations / administrative questions
– Talking too much / not listening
– Fidgeting
– Lack of confidence
– Sweaty palms syndrome
– Being negative about anything

39. Preparation is the key to
success!
– Find out the selection criteria
– Know what you are offering
– Identify likely question areas
– Research some (original) things about the
organisation
– Rehearse responses to potential questions
– Practice and get feedback

40. Interview - but no job offer?
– Did I prepare thoroughly?
– Did I get feedback on my performance?
– Am I right for the job/organisation?
– Do I need advice?

41. Useful links
MyCareer
– Online careers resource with a wealth of information, resources, links and a
number of interactive exercises developed by me
http://mycareer.wmin.ac.uk
Monster – Careers advice
– Features lots of advice, instructional videos and an interactive mock
interview
http://career-advice.monster.co.uk
Prospects
– The official UK graduate careers website, lots of information and advice –
ideal for researching salary expectations and job descriptions
http://www.prospects.ac.uk
Target Jobs – for sector-specific advice
http://targetjobs.co.uk/career-sectors
Careercake.com
- Very useful instructional videos by experienced recruiter, Aimee Bateman.

42. Further information and guidance
Career Development Centre services:
– 20-minute quick queries:
CV, covering letter, application form checks
– 45-minute individual guidance interviews:
detailed career guidance, mock interviews
Our resources:
– CV Guide
– Videos and DVDs (many available to view online)
– Free sector-specific and general careers publications

43. Contact Career Development Centre
www.westminster.ac.uk/careers
T: 020 7911 5184
E: careers@westminster.ac.uk
First floor, 101 New Cavendish Street
(next to Cav St campus)
Also at Harrow – Maria Hewlett building

44. Thank you
John McMenamin
j.mcmenamin@westminster.ac.uk