Tracking mobile phones, to identify the position and movement, is known as 'Cell Site Analysis', and allows an investigator toe establish the geographical location of a handset when calls, SMS messages or downloads were sent/received. This evidence can be used to tie a suspect to the scene of a crime and may be presented in court by an Expert Witness.

1. Communication Evidence AFENTIS FORENSICS Computer & Communication Analysts www.afentis.com - A Powerful Weapon -

2. Communication Evidence Ross Patel BSc(Hons),MCSE,CISSP,MCP CCNA,CISA,CHFI,CISM,ACFE,ISEB [email_address] - A Powerful Weapon -

3. Briefing Structure R v STEELE Primer Q & A Defence Evidence Communication Evidence Sources of Digital Evidence Defence Perspectives & Challenging Evidence Discussion of future trends Golden Copy & Mappings Cell Site analysis and the evolution

13. Attribution

15. Circular Assessment Cell Site Analysis Peer Review of prosecution submissions , statements and technical evidence Field Assessment of key locations, specific cell sites, and regions relating to scene of crime Historical Analysis using archived telecommunication records and related signal/network data

17. Roles & Concepts ACPO v3 & Home Office CoP DESIGNATED PERSON investigator or agent seeking access to privileged data or communication records GOLDEN COPY permanently preserved data in tamper resistant form (R v SAYER, 2001) SINGLE POINT OF CONTACT identification of relevant material, application proportionality, case support

19. Cell Site Sectors

20. Start vs End Cells

21. R v GUNN – Cell Sites

22. Position Attribution

23. Radio Spectrum Signal strengths dBm - ‘02 UK’, ‘Orange’, ‘Vodafone’, & ‘T-Mobile’ Note: RED / BLUE cells not available for public use GREEN cells provide service for GSM voice & data (SMS)

24. Non-Dominance

25. Cell Foot-printing

26. Cell Foot-printing

27. Cell Foot-printing

30. Cell Layering

32. Future Trends Active Convergence Counter Magic Bullet Civil Counter-forensic techniques and greater criminal appreciation of capability Real-time tracing of signals/suspects Mobile & static computing/ communication devices Managing expectations CSA techniques in civil proceedings

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34. Find out more… afentis AFENTIS FORENSICS Digital Evidence Experts, specialists in complex fraud and high technology crime WWW Guides exclusively for Advocates Additional forensic reports and reference materials are available online at: www.afentis.com/legal eMail Register today for early notification on future CPD briefings and seminars: [email_address]