2. JAINISM 6th Century Bc
24 Thirthankaras
Rishabhadeva Was The First Thirthankara
No Authentic Information Is Availabe About
First 22 Thirthankaras
Parsvanath Was The 23rd Thirthankara-son
Of Asvasena,the Ruler oF Benares
Vardhamana Mahavira Was The 24th
Thirthankara
3. Vardhamana mahavira
Founder of jain community
Attained enlightment after 13 years of
deprivation
Died after commiting salekhana in 467
bc
4. Jainism is the smallest of the major
world religion
Jainism believes in plurality of souls
and not in the existence of god
It holds that there are as many souls as
there are living beings
They also accept the existence of souls
even in animals and plants
10. Ahimsa is a vital principle of jainism
Jainism reject s the idea of creator of
the world
Jainism emphasises syat –vada or ane-
kant-vada which lays the mind open to
truth coming from any quarter
11. In the theory of knowledge jainism accepted three sources of
getting real knowledge ,namely perception, inference
and testimony
Real
knowledge
perceptio
n
inference
testimon
y
12. Practical teachings of jainism Triratnas considered as the three precious principles of
life
Five vows or absciences to indicate general character
Ahimsa is the formost virtue in indian thought but in
jainism it requires distinct meaning and depth
Emphasizing the individualistic aspects , jainism
emphasizes on the development of personality as the
final aim
Jaina teachings are social and tolerant and believes in
happiness of all
13. There are two levels of discipline depending on the
severity if rhe vows which are different for the monks of
lay life
the aim of life is to get oneself disentangled from karma
.Jainism believes in Transmigration of soul.
Monks means dissolution of partnership between soul
and matter , restoring the ideal character of the jiva
Jainism rejects good as creator of this world as a need to
create the world would be inconsistent with his
necessary perfection
14. Jaina views are both realativistic and pluralistic
as it recognizes jivas and the material objects
The primary aim of Jainism is the perfection of
the soul rather than the interpretation of the
universe ,hence it fails to find ultimate solutions
of the metaphysical problem
15. Aim of education
Truth is relativistic and pluralist in a state of 'may be ' .
Knowledge ,therefore may be viewed differently .nothing fixed
Self realisation as jiva is divine . education must focus on his
divinity and remove the material bond of soul
Education should lead to self enlightenment and restore the
full powers of jiva
Development of personality as an individual .hence more
stress on individual aims
16. Teaching should give necessary jnana and penance to
help jiva
Cessation of karma wolud disassociate jiva from it and
regain it's power and glory .
Teaching must help train one for it
Believes in Transmigration of soul .hence education may
partly be the preparation for the next world
17. Curriculum
Punya an paap are the two principles of the nine
categories .hence education should develop sense of
discrimination
Education should include provision for attainment of
triratnas,the precious principles of life ,that bring
happiness ,success and love here and now
18. Education ahould inculate non violence as a
virtue practiced and not only aspired for
that would be socially desirable
Teaching of nine principles called as nine
categories of Jainism to dissolve the
partnership between soul and matter
19. Method of teaching
Knowledge is through senses and meditation
.teaching must develop these faculties
Teaching should be social and tolerant and
should bring happiness to all
Jiva is essentially karmic , therefore education
must be action based and ideally oriented
20. Discipline
Emphasis on self discipline and hard work
Practical discipline is essential for release from the
bondage
Happiness and bliss through action .man is a free
moral agent responsible for all his deliberate action
21. Educational implications
Major contribution: art ,architecture ,and literature.
Strong emphasis on no violence: it's strong emphasis on
violence accent on multiple facets of truth , morality and
ethics
Integrated: Jain philosophy in the development of Indian
philosophy has been significant .Jain philosophy like
ahimsa ,karma , moksha , sansara and like has been 41
assimilated into philosophies of other India. Religion like
Hinduism and buddhism
22. Concept of compassion : sense of sympathy
extends to all living beings even to animals as
stated in both Jainism and Buddhism
Contribution to a strain of pacifism : absolute
respect for living beings is stressed ,best way to
resist evil is through non violence ,it is successfully
used in Jainism and Buddhism
23. Law of karma (cause and effect): Universe is ruled
by moral law which punishes all sins and rewards
good deeds , belief that our character creates it's
own heaven and hell is significant in nearly all
schools of philosophy
Highest state of knowledge : intuition through
which man achieves a realization of oneness of the
universe
24. Nine tattvas
Jiva soul or living being
Ajiva nonliving substances
Asrava cause of the influx of karma
Bandh bondage of karma
Punya virtue
Papa sin
Samvara arrest of the influx of karma
Nirjara exhaustion of the
accumulated karma
Moksha total liberation from karma
