SEC23 GEOG Chapt10 Global Warming

CHAPTER 10 Global Warming and Ozone Depletion

Learning Outcomes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Lead-in: Extreme Weather (Answers) ,[object Object],2. The increase in extreme weather events will take away more lives, destroy property and infrastructure, and cause frequent environmental disasters like droughts and floods.

Lead-in: Extreme Weather Extension activity: Killer Hurricanes Year 2005 was dubbed by scientists around the world as the Year of the Hurricane. Never before had the Atlantic Ocean experienced 27 tropical storms in a year, of which seven made landfall in the USA. Storms are also getting more powerful and occurring more frequently. What could be the cause for the increase in tropical storms? How did they affect people and the environment? Hurricane Katrina (Aug 28 2005) Massive destruction caused by Hurricane Katrina

Changes in the Earth’s Climate ,[object Object],[object Object],Ice cover in the Arctic sea has decreased dramatically due to rising global temperatures. 1979 2005 Source: NASA

The Greenhouse Effect ,[object Object],[object Object],Why do you think the Earth’s natural warming process is named the greenhouse effect?

Global Warming ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Causes of global warming Sources of carbon dioxide : Burning fossil fuels in cars, factories and power plants Sources of CFCs : Aerosol cans, air-conditioners, refrigerators, plastic forms Sources of methane : Landfills, rice paddies, guts of cattle Sources of nitrous oxides : Vehicle exhaust pipes, fertilisers, livestock wastes Increase in greenhouse gas emissions due to human activities

Extent of global warming ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Consequences of global warming Severe drought Severe flooding ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Consequences of global warming ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A polar bear threads what was once solid ice. Polar bears are drowning as warmer waters have widened the distance between ice floes.

Consequences of global warming ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A nurse tends to a heat wave victim in Pakistan as temperatures soar to as high as 45 degrees Celsius.

Consequences of global warming Coastal cities like Miami, Florida, along the US East Coast are threatened by the possibility of flooding due to the rising sea levels caused by global warming. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Miami, Florida, USA

Consequences of global warming ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Ozone Depletion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ozone hole over the Antarctic in 22 Sep 2004

Cause of ozone depletion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Each CFC molecule can last up to 65-385 years in the atmosphere! In this time span, it can continuously destroy ozone particles.

Cause of ozone depletion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],UV rays reaching the Earth’s surface due to ozone depletion

Extent of ozone depletion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ozone depletion over the Antarctic and Arctic regions

Consequences of ozone depletion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Some species of whales feed on plankton to survive. Without plentiful plankton in the oceans, they may be pushed to the brink of extinction.

Consequences of ozone depletion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Measures to Reduce the Impact of Ozone Depletion: International efforts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Measures to Reduce the Impact of Global Warming: International efforts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Singapore signed the Kyoto Protocol in 2006.

Measures to Reduce the Impact of Global Warming: National efforts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Measures to Reduce the Impact of Global Warming: National efforts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Look out for this green label on electrical appliances. Products with this label require less energy to produce which means less fossil fuels are burned during its production. Thus, less greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere.

Measures to Reduce the Impact of Ozone Depletion: National efforts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],CFC- free

Measures to Reduce the Impact of Global Warming: Individual efforts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Measures to Reduce the Impact of Ozone Depletion: Individual efforts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Global Warming and Ozone Depletion: The Challenges Ahead ,[object Object],[object Object]

Skills Builder: Suggested Answers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

SEC23 GEOG Chapt10 Global Warming

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SEC23 GEOG Chapt10 Global Warming