The document discusses different types of constructed wetland systems for wastewater treatment using macrophytes. It describes floating macrophyte filters (FMF) which use floating plant species to treat wastewater as it flows through channels. It also describes semi-submerged helophyte filters (FHS) which use emergent plant species with roots and lower stems submerged in wastewater flowing through channels. Key processes include sedimentation, nutrient absorption, and degradation of organic matter by microorganisms associated with plant roots. The systems can effectively remove BOD, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants from wastewater.