Male and Female Genitalia

1. GROSS ANATOMY OF THE
OVARY,FEMALE EXTERNAL
GENITALIA AND MALE EXTERNAL
GENITALIA
BY
DR KELECHI DURUH
DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY
UNEC
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2. MALE EXTERNAL GENITALIA
• Includes scrotum and the penis
SCROTUM
• Scrotum is an outpouching of the lower
abdominal wall
• Sparse hair, no fat
• Contains the testes , it’s coverings, epididymis
and spermatic cords
• Has thin muscular layer , dartos muscle
• Contracted when cold, causing wrinkling
• Spermatic cord has cremaster muscle
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4.  Blood supply
Superficial and deep external pudendal vessels
Perineal vessels
 Nerve supply
 Anterior one third by ilioinguinal nerve (L1) and
the genital branch of the genitofemoral(L1)
 Posterior two third by scrotal branch of perineal
nerve(S3) supported by perineal branch of
posterior femoral cutaneous nerve(S2)
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5. PENIS
• Has a root , body and cap
• Bulb of the root attached to the inferior
surface of perineal membrane
• Crus attached to the margin of the ischiopubic
ramus on each side
• Bulb continues forward as corpus spongiosum,
rounding up at the tip as glans penis
• Glans penis overlaps the distal ends of the
corpora carvernosa
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7. • The crus extends on each side as corpus
carvenosum
• Ventral to the root, the corpora carvenosa and
the corpus spongiosum are bound together to
form the body
• Penile urethra runs through the length of the
corpus spongiosum
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9. • Each corpus is bound by a tough fibrous sheath
,the tunica albuginea
• Tunica albuginea of spongiosum enlarges
distally to sheath the glans
• The corpora in their fibrous sheath are
encircled by the deep fascia of the penis
• The deep fascia is attached to the front of the
pubic symphysis by the suspensary ligament of
the penis
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10. • The midline deep dorsal vein , with a dorsal
artery on each side and more laterally a dorsal
nerve lies deep in the deep fascia
• The skin is hairless and prolonged forwards to
form prepuce
• Beneath the skin ,is the superficial fascia
• In the midline is the superficial dorsal vein
accompanied by lymphatics
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11. Blood supply
• Three pairs from internal pudendal
 Artery to the bulb. Supplies corpus
spongiosum and the glans
 Deep artery of the penis. Supplies the
corpus carvenosum.
 The dorsal artery of the penis. Supplies
the skin , fascia and glans
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12. • The skin also receives branches from
superficial external pudendal
• Anastomosis between artery of the bulb and
dorsal artery
• Venous return by veins accompanying arteries
• Lymphatic drainage of penile skin is to
superficial inguinal nodes, corpora and glans
to deep inguinal nodes
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13. Nerve supply
• Pudendal ,mainly S2 dermatome.
• Small portion of proximal dorsum supplied by
L1—ilioinguinal nerve
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14. OVARY
• Ovary is a paired pelvic organ.
• Ovoid shaped
• About 3cm long,2cm wide and 1cm thick
• Smaller before menarche and after
menopause
• Attached to the cornu of the uterus by
ligament of the ovary
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16. • Anterior border attached to the posterior leaf
of the broad ligament by mesovarum
• Rest of surface covered by cuboidal
epithelium
• Lateral surface lies in the angle between the
internal and external iliac vessels
• Medial surface is mainly related to the uterine
tube
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17. Blood supply to the ovary
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18. Blood supply
• Ovarian artery,branch of abdominal aorta
• Ovarian veins form a plexus in the
mesovarium and the suspensary
ligament(pampiniform plexus)
• The plexus drain into a pair of ovarian veins
that accompany the ovarian artery
• Right ovarian vein joins the IVC
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19. • Left ovarian vein joins the left renal vein
• Lymphatics of the ovary drain to para-aortic
nodes along L2
• Some lymphatic drainage through round
ligament to inguinal nodes and canal
• Few lymphatics pass to opposite ovary across
the fundus of uterus
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20. NERVE SUPPLY
• Sympathetic fibers from aortic
plexus,accompanied by sensory fibers
• Parasympathetic from hypogastric plexus via
uterine artery
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21. FEMALE EXTERNAL
GENITALIA
• Mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris,
vestibule, bulbs of the vestibule and the greater
vestibular glands
• Also known as vulva
• Labia majoratwo folds of hairy skin with
underlying fat pads.
Joined anteriorly as anterior commissure
Linked by a connecting skin posteriorly , posterior
commissure
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22. FEMALE EXTERNAL GENITALIA
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23. • Labia minoratwo folds hairless skin located
medial to the majora.
 Forms the boundary of the vestibule
Anteriorly, it splits into upper(lateral)part
which forms the prepuce and a
lower(medial)part which form the frenulum of
the clitoris
Posteriorly,they are united by a small skin fold
,the frenulum of the labia
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24. • Clitoris lies at the anterior ends of the labia
minora
Homologous with the penis
Does not transmit urethra
Formed by two miniature corpora cavernosa
and anterior ends of the bulbs of the
vestibule.
It’s tip is the glans
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25. • Vestibule bounded by the labia minora.
Contains the external urethral meatus,the
vaginal orifice, the ducts of the greater
vestibular glands(bartolin),lesser vestibular
glands,paraurethral glands(skene) and hymen
Bulb of the vestibule a paired mass of
erectile tissue on each of the vaginal orifice.
Covered by bulbospongiosus muscle
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26. Blood supply
From internal pudendal
• Posterior labia branch from perineal artery
• Arteries of the bulb
• Deep arteries of the clitoris
• Dorsal arteries of the clitoris
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27. Superficial external pudendal
• Branches to the skin of mons pubis and labia
majora
Veins accompany the arteries
Lymphatic drainage
• Labia majora,mons pubissuperficial
inguinalexternal iliac nodeslumbar nodes
• Clitoris,labia minoradeep inguinalexternal
iliac nodeslumbar nodes
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28. THANK YOU