Nursing Orem's theory

Prepared by:-
Mrs. D. Melba Sahaya Sweety
Msc Nursing
Pediatric Nursing Department
GIMSAR
Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

INTRODUCTION
• Dorothea Elizabeth Orem (July 15, 1914
– June 22, 2007), born in Baltimore,
Maryland, was a nursing theorist and
creator of the self-care deficit nursing
theory, also known as the Orem model of
nursing.
• Orem's nursing theory states self-care as a
human need, and nurses design
interventions to provide or manage self-
care actions for persons to recover or
maintain health.

MAJOR CONCEPTS AND
DEFINITIONS
PERSON:-
Man is an integrated WHOLE-a unity functioning
biologically, symbolically and socially . Man is self-
reliant and responsible for self-care and well-being of
his or her dependents and self-care is a requisite for
all .

MAJOR CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
HEALTH:-
State of wholeness or integrity of the individual
human beings, his parts, and his modes of
functioning .A healthy person is likely to have
sufficient self-care abilities to meet his/her
universal self-care needs

MAJOR CONCEPTS AND
DEFINITIONS
ENVIRONMENT:-
She considered man and environment as an integrated
system related to self-care . Environmental conditions
conducive to development include opportunities to be
helped: being with other persons or groups where care is
offered; opportunities for solitude and companionship;
provision of help for personal and group concerns without
limiting individual decisions and personal pursuits: shared
respect , belief, and trust; recognition and fostering of
developmental potential .

MAJOR CONCEPTS AND
DEFINITIONS
NURSING:-
Actions deliberately selected and performed
by nurses to help individuals or groups
under their care to maintain or change
conditions in themselves or their
environments.

OREM’S GENERAL THEORY OF
NURSING
Self care (Why And How
People care for themselves)
Self care deficit
(How people can help through
nursing)
Nursing system (How
the self care or met)

THEORY OF SELF CARE SELF
CARE CONCEPT
SELF CARE SELF CARE
AGENCY
THERAPEUTIC
SELF CARE
DEMAND
SELF CARE
REQUESTIES

SELF-CARE:
Is the performance or practice of activities that
individuals initiate and perform on their own behalf to
maintain life, health, and wellbeing.
SELF – CARE AGNCY :-
The complex , acquired ability of mature and maturing
person to know and meet their continuing requirements for
deliberate, purposive action to regulate their own human
functioning and development.

THERAPEUTIC CARE DEMAND :-
The summation of care measure necessary at specific times or over a
duration of time for meeting all of an individual’s known self-care
requisites.
SELF – CARE REQUISITES :-
Self-care requisites are groups of needs or requirements that Orem
identified. They are classified as either:
1,Universal self-care requisites
2,Developmental self-care requisites
3,Health deviation requisites

Universal Self-Care Requisites
(SCRs)
The Universal Self-Care Requisites that are
needed for health are:
Air, Water, Food, Elimination, Activity and
Rest, Solitude and Social Interaction, Hazard
Prevention, Promotion of Normality
The nurse is encouraged to assign a support
modality to each of the self-care requisites.

Developmental self-care
requisites
1. maturational: progress toward higher
levels of maturation.
2. situational: prevention of deleterious
effects related to development.
Health deviation requisites
Those needs that arise as a result of a patient's
condition

THEORY OF SELF CARE
DEFICIT
Self care
agency
Self care
demand

Self-care Deficit :-
A relationship between the human properties of
therapeutic self care demand and self care agency in
which constituent developed self-care capabilities
within self-care agency are not operable or not
adequate for knowing and meeting some or all
components of the existent or projected therapeutic
self-care demand.

NURSING AGENCY
The developed capabilities of person educated as
nurses that empower them to represent
themselves as nurses and within the frame of a
legitimate interpersonal relationship to act , know
and help persons in such relationship to meet
their therapeutic self –care demand and to
regulate the development or exercise of their
self-care agency.

NURSING
SYSTEM
THEORY

WHOLLY COMPENSATORY SYSTEM
AA
COMPENSATE
s
ACCOMPLISHES PATIENT’S
THERAPEUTIC SELF CARE
COMPENSATES FOR PATIENT’S
INABILITY TO ENGAGE IN SELF
CARE
SUPPORT AND
SUPPORT AND PROTECT PATIENT
NURSE
ACTIONChinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

PARTIALLY COMPENSATORY SYSTEM
p
c
Assists Patient As Required
Performs some self-care measure
Regulates self-care agencies
Accepts care and assistance from nurse
Perform Some Self Care Measure For
Patient
Compensates For Self- Care Limitation
Of PatientNurse
action
Patient
action

SUPPORTIVE EDUATION SYSTEM
ACCOMPLISHIES SELF CARE
REGULATE THE EXERCISE AND
DEVELOPMENT OF SELF - CARE
AGENCY
Nurse
Action
Nurse
Action

WHOLLY COMPENSATORY SYSTEM
Definition
• Is represented by the
situation in which the
individual is unable to
carryout needed self-
care actions, either
through inability to be
self-directed or due to a
medical prescription.
Example
•Patients under coma ,
anesthesia, with
fractures ,spinal
dysfunctions, mental
impairment etc

PARTIALLY COMPENSATORY SYSTEM
Definition
• Is represented by a
situation in which the
patient and nurse are
both physically active in
meeting the patient’s
self-care needs and
either may perform the
majority of the needed
actions.
Example
•Patients with major
surgeries, temporary
limitation of activities
due to cast
application etc

SUPPORTIVE EDUATION SYSTEM
Definition
• Is represented by the
capability of a person to
perform self-care activities
independently or needs to
learn to how to meet
therapeutic self-care
demands by himself. In
either case, the person
needs some manner of
assistance.
Example
• Clients wishing to
contraceptive methods,
adolescent seeking
information about
pubertal changes, newly
delivered mother seeking
assistance in breast
feeding etc..

THANK YOU…….

Nursing Orem's theory

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