1) Empowerment is defined as giving employees power and encouraging their increased commitment to organizational success through participative processes. 2) Methods for empowering employees include helping them achieve job mastery, allowing more control, and providing role models and emotional support. 3) Participation is a subset of empowerment that involves innovation, information sharing, and giving employees power and accountability. 4) Barriers to empowerment can include an organizational culture that is incongruent with empowerment, a lack of employee inclination, and fears or desires for guidance rather than autonomy.