Community based tourism is tourism in which local residents (often rural, poor and economically marginalised) invite tourists to visit their communities with the provision of overnight accommodation. The residents earn income as land managers, entrepreneurs, service and produce providers, and employees.
2. WHAT IS A COMMUNITY
Common Definition:-
Community is defined as a group of people living in a specific area (village,
town or neighborhood) and are sharing the common interest (such as values,
benefits and norms).
Other Definition:-
A group of people living together
A group of individuals with common interest
Ecologist describes community as the assembly of spieces interacting and
sharing a specific area.
3. TYPES OF COMMUNITY
Location based community
Identity (interest) based community
Organizational based community
Virtual community
5. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
It is aimed at building a strong, resilient local communities – coming together
of members to take collective action in finding solutions to problems within
the community
Scott Peck (an American Psychiatrist)states in his 1978 book that community
develops through four stages
Pseudo-community
Chaos
Emptiness
True community
6. APPROACHES USED
There are numerous approaches used
These are significant to the economic, political, cultural, social and
environmental enhancement of the community
7. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT LEVELS
There are two levels of community development
At the grassroots level – involves some building and organization
Empower the community
Bring change to community both physically and personally
Regional or National level – involves some form of planning and work,
usually requires some stakeholders
Foundations
Government
NGOs
Universities
8. AREAS OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
Economic development
Sustainable development
Asset-Based community development
Tourism Based community Development
10. WHAT IS TOURISM
Defined as the movement of an individual to places other than their usual
environment for leisure, business or other purposes
Outbound
Inbound
Domestic
International
11. WHY TOURISM
Vital source of income
Create frame work of employment
Hotels
Food services
Travel services
Transportation
infrastructure
consumers
People who may go on
holidays
marketing/promotion
Research, development, evaluation and
consumer communication to raise
awareness and generate sales.
Travel experience
The experience that people
travelling to their destinat
holiday experience
The experience that people have at
their destination
Source: www.destinationnsw.com.au/.../Tourism-Business-Toolkit-VOL1-Ch...
15. MODEL APPROACH
Model 1: Transit travelers destined for natural/man-made attractions via
community settlements
Model 2: Only Community (no other added attractions)
Model 3: Community blended with natural/man-made tourists attractions
16. 1. Tourism
Potential
Assessment
5. Market
Community
4. Develop
Products
2. Secure
Assistance
3. Develop an
Integrated
Approach
6. On-going
Support
1. Determine the potential natural/man-
made attractions nearby through surveys
1. Hire local NGO or tourism consulting firm,
or other competent agencies
1. Hold community meetings
2. Formation of a local community tourism
committee
3. Identify entrepreneurs and opportunities
for community cooperatives
1. Develop training programs
2. Promote training programs
3. Implement programs
1. Develop marketing material for the
community, tourist attractions.
2. Promote community in the Internet and
travel books
1. Assess situation
2. Provide ongoing support as needed
1. A list of potential tourism products
1. Community approval on future
developments
2. Local tourism committee is responsible for
future tourism initiatives
3. Selection of most viable and suitable
products to develop
4. Development of a community brand
1. Assistance with the various stages of
tourism development (mainly creating
service offering structures)
1. Trained residents
2. Development of viable products
1. Arrival of first tourists
1. A successful and sustainable tourism
industry
2. A functioning tourism committee
STEPS ACTIVITIES RESULTS
17. • The inclusion of complex impact consideration in a tourism planning process
strongly implies relatively wide community involvement in impact assessment .
Increased involvement in estimating complex impact contributes to reliability of the
estimates. Such involvement also serves as a constructive vehicle for appraisal of
impacts by individuals and groups other than these which are “expert”, a body in a
planning process ( Runyan and Wo)
• The community emphasis of the ecological community model indicates that as the
scale of planning decreases more public participation should be expected and
encouraged. Planning experience in other fields reveal communities are willing to
participate in decisions regarding their future development. (Coppock and Swell,
1977)
19. Inventorying consists of compiling a list of all local attractions and resources that meet the
project objectives, even those that seems obvious to community residents, since visitors
may find these interesting. From this inventory, a list of attractions and resources that have
propriety for interpretive development based on visitors demands and needs, and
budgetary constraints, should be produced. Some key features to look for in attractions
and resources as for example:
• Uniqueness – natural areas, unusual wildlife, different cultures.
• Aesthetics – Scenic overlooks, beautiful sunsets, fall foliage.
• Recreational opportunities –fishing docks, boat launches, hiking trails, beaches, golf
resources.
• Historic significance- museums, monuments
• Educational and artistic appeal- Oxford University,JNU,
21. • Develop an interpretive guide for community benefit
• Interpretive publication (brochure, flyer, CDs)
• Marketing for domestic and international tourists
• Dissemination of up-dated information
• Networking
• Money exchange facilities
• Conservation and preservation
• Establish local food outlet
• Theatre, club and festival center