2. Essence of Travel Technology
• Introduction
• How Travel Technology Was
• Central Reservation System (CRS) Overview
• Global Distribution System (GDS) Overview
• Passenger Name Record (PNR)
• Core Members of Airline Industries
• PNR & e-Ticket Process Flow
• Navigating the Airport of Tomorrow
• Q & A
3. How it was
Traveller has to go to a Travel Agency for their
air travel ticket.
Travel Agency contacts the airline requesting a
specific flight on a specific time and date.
Fares were the same on each flight with each
airline.
Reservations staff retrieves an index-card for
that flight /date from revolving tray.
Travel Agency’s query answered based on retrieval.
Travel Agency issues the ticket, collect payment
from traveler.
4. How it was
Reservation Employees at a Revolving Table with Index
Cards for each flight
5. CRS Overview
Computer Reservations System or Central
Reservation System is a Computerized system used
to store and retrieve information and conduct
transactions related to Air Travel.
Originally designed and operated by Airlines,
later extended for the use of Travel Agents.
CRS used by a single travel provider to store
their reservations.
6. CRS Overview
Airline reservation systems contain airline
schedules, fare tariffs, passenger reservations
and ticket records.
An airline's distribution works within their own
reservation system, as well as pushing out
information to the GDS.
A second type of direct distribution channel are
consumers who use the internet or mobile
applications to make their own reservations.
7. GDS Overview
Global Distribution Systems are vast global
travel networks.
The GDS network model is a centralized one.
GDS interconnects
Travel agencies
Airlines
Hotels
Rent a car companies
Railways
Other travel-related companies.
GDS is based around high-powered mainframe
computers.
GDS can process travel transactions in huge
volumes at blinding speeds.
8. GDS Overview
Formerly known as CRS: Computer Reservation System
Now GDS: Global Distribution Systems.
Name change because of function change.
Main Functions are
Reservations
Back-office integration
Business Intelligence
Management Information
• Yield/Revenue Management
• Market Information Data Transfer (MIDT)
9. First GDS
On a certain day on a certain flight two persons
met by chance
Mr. C.R.Smith from American Airlines
Mr. R.Blair Smith from IBM
Plan to automate the American Airlines reservation
process with the help of IBM hardware and software.
Result: SABRE(Semi Automatic Business Reservations
Environment)
In 1960,First SABRE system was installed on two IBM
7090 computers.
13. Salient Feature
of G D S
Flight Search
Seat availablility
Checking Fares
Making of a PNR (Passenger Name Record):
Issueance of Tickets
Seat Preference
Meal Preference
Booking of Bassinet for Infants
Special Service Request
Frequent Flyer Information’s
Refunding of a Ticket
14. P N R
An active travel reservation in a GDS is known as
a Passenger Name Record (PNR).
The PNR contains the information such as
Name of the Pax.
Gender
Contact details(Phone Number, Email)
Itinerary segments.
Each GDS stores vast databases of PNR’s with past
and present reservations.
Every PNR that is created in GDS has associated
historical information.
15. P N R
The historical information of the PNR and any
Additions, Cancellations, Deletions that are
subsequently made to it.
The GDS System updates PNR history at each End of
Transaction entry.
Although PNRs were originally introduced for air
travel, they are now also being used for bookings
of hotels, car rental, railways, etc.
PNR is an alphanumeric code, typically 6
characters in length
Ex :- RMT33W, KZVGX5, IIRCYC
17. Core Members
International Air Traffic Association (IATA)
Trade association for the airlines
support many areas of aviation activity
and help formulate industry policy on
critical aviation issues
Societe Internationale de Telecommunications
Aeronautiques (SITA)
Airport operations
Baggage operations
Cargo operations
Passenger operations
18. Core Members
Official Airline Guide (OAG)
OAG is best known for its airline schedules
database which holds future and historical
flight details for more than 1,000 airlines
and over 4,000 airports
Airline Tariff Publishing Company (ATPCO)
Publishes the latest airfares for more than
500 airlines multiple times per day.
Airline CRS, Sabre, Amadeus GDSs, Online
Travel agencies such as Expedia, Travelocity
are the prime users of ATPCO.