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1. Ausubel’s Meaningful
Verbal Learning/
Subsumption Theory

2. Subsumption
Use of Advance
Graphic Organizer
Learner’s Cognitive
Structure
Ausubel’s
Subsumption
Theory
Meaningful
Reception of
Info.
Four Processes
for Meaningful
Learning
Advance
Organizer
Derivative
Subsumption
Combinatorial
Learning
Correlative
Subsumption
Superordinate
Learning
Expository
Narrative
Skimming
Graphic
Organizer

3. David Paul
Ausubel

4. • David Ausubel was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1918.
• He graduated from the University of Pennsylvania with a degree in
Psychology.
• He earned a PH D in Developmental Psychology from Columbia
University.
• Ausubel published multiple books and articles on developmental
and educational psychology.
• In 1976 he received the Thorndike Award from the American
Psychological Association for "Distinguished Psychological
Contributions to Education".
• Dr. David Ausubel passed away on July 9, 2008.

5. FOCUS OF AUSUBEL’S THEORY
•Cognitive Structure
•Advance Organizer

6. FOCUS OF AUSUBEL’S THEORY
The most important factor in influencing
learning is the quantity, clarity and
organization of the learner’s present
knowledge.
This comprises his/her Cognitive Structure.

7. Cognitive
Structure
Or
“Present
Knowledge”
Facts
Concepts
Raw
Perceptual
Data
Theories
Propositions

8. Meaningful learning takes place when an idea to
be learned is related in some sensible way to ideas
that the learner already possesses.
The way to strengthen the student’s cognitive
structure is by using advance organizer’s that
allow students to already have a bird’s eye view
or to see the “big picture” of the topic to be
learned even before going to details.
FOCUS OF AUSUBEL’S THEORY

9. •Ausubel’s belief of the use of Advance Organizers
is anchored on the principle of Subsumption.
•Ausubel pointed out, that what is learned is based
on what is already known.

10. Subsumption- is a process by which new materials related to
relevant ideas in the existing cognitive structure.
Derivative Subsumption
Correlative Subsumption
Superordinate Learning
Combinatorial Learning

11. FOUR PROCESSES FOR
MEANINGFUL LEARNING

12. DERIVATIVE SUBSUMPTION
•This describes the situation in which
the new information you learn is an
example of a concept that you have
already learned .

13. A bird has feathers, a
beak, lays egg, it can
fly, etc.
BLUE JAY

14. CORRELATIVE SUBSUMPTION
•In order to accommodate new information,
you have to change or expand your
knowledge.
higher-level concept of thinking.

15. Oh! It has a long
body and a long
strong legs!

16. SUPERORDINATE LEARNING
You are already familiar with the
things but did not know the concept
itself until it was taught.

18. Mandy, those are what you
called “Fruits”.

19. COMBINATORIAL LEARNING
•This is when newly acquired knowledge
combines with prior knowledge to
enrich the understanding of both
concepts.

22. The most important single factor
influencing learning is what the
learner already knows.

23. ADVANCE ORGANIZERS

24. ADVANCE ORGANIZERS:
Is a major tool proposed by Ausubel and it gives 2
benefits:
1. You will find it easier to connect new information
with what you already know about the topic.
2. You can readily see how the concepts in a certain
topic are related to each other.
Advance Organizer helps you link the new
learning to your existing scheme.

25. ADVANCE ORGANIZERS:
•An instructional unit that is used before direct
instruction, or before a new topic; this is
sometimes called a hook, set induction or
anticipatory set.
•Presents an overview of the information to be
covered in detail during the exposition that
follows.
•Advance organizers are used to relate prior
information to new concepts.

26. EXPOSITORY TEACHING
• While presenting new material.
• It is use at the beginning of a lesson.
• Presents several encompassing generalizations
where detailed contents will be added later.
•The teacher discuss the process of the
absorption of water and minerals into
the plants through the tap and fibrous
root system.
Example

27. COMPARATIVE TEACHING
• Useful when the knowledge to be presented is new
to learner.
• Compares new material with knowledge already
known by emphasizing the similarities between 2
types of material & showing the information that is
to be learnt.
• Ausubel’s teaching approach is deductive in nature.
•A teacher shows the similarities and
differences among two major root
system, the tap root and the fibrous
root system.
Example

28. DEDUCTIVE TEACHING MODEL

29. OTHER TYPES OF ADVANCE
ORGANIZERS
•Narrative
•Skimming
•Graphic Organizer

30. NARRATIVE:
• Presents the new information in the form of a story to students.

31. SKIMMING
•Is done by looking over the new
material to gain a basic overview.

32. GRAPHIC ORGANIZER
•Visuals to set up or outline the new
information. This may include
Pictographs, Descriptive Patterns,
Concept Patterns, Concept Maps,
Venn Diagram.