The document discusses several issues related to providing sufficient electricity for Honolulu's planned rail transit system, including: 1) Providing power for the rail is a major unresolved issue and cost risk, as it will require 30-50 megawatts of electricity, around a third to half of an Oahu power plant's output. 2) Hawaiian Electric Co. claims it expects to have enough generating capacity but experts warn there may not be enough power, especially during peak times. 3) If there is insufficient power, rolling blackouts could occur and the rail may get priority over other customers. 4) The document discusses smart grid technologies that could help match electricity supply and demand but implementing such solutions has challenges.

1. HONOLULU AUTHORITY FOR RAPID TRANSIT (HART) - THE HARD REALITY
When All Else Fails
https://www.slideshare.net/cliftonmhasegawa/honolulu-authority-for-rapid-transit-hart-the-hard-reality-when-all-else-fails
The Truth
https://www.slideshare.net/cliftonmhasegawa/honolulu-authority-for-rapid-transit-hart-the-hard-reality-when-all-else-fails-the-truth/1
SEQUEL
The Heart of the Matter
The Bush Factor - The Smart Grid
People close to the Honolulu rail project including federal advisers have fagged
ELECTRICITY as a major unresolved matter and cost risk for rail.
Honolulu’s rail project has been touted as a high-tech electric-powered feat of
engineering. And it needs a lot of that power — 30 to 50 megawatts. That’s
about a third to a half of what an Oahu power plant puts out, or about 15,000
homes at peak energy times.
HECO said in a statement: “We’ve been working with the city and HART to
assess the energy needs of the project. Based on our analysis, we expect to
have enough resources to continue meeting the energy needs of all our
customers.”
“They’ve told us that they can MANAGE the capacity that we are going to
require,” said HART CEO Dan Grabauskas.
If there’s not enough power, what happens to people on the train at that time
and people in nearby neighborhoods?
“Probably very little to the people on the train,” said [Dr. Panos] Prevedouros.
“The frst thing HECO will do is rolling blackouts. When they reach a crisis
point, perhaps the rail will be protected as a primary customer.”
Power source and cost for rail transit still unresolved By Gina Mangieri. KHON2 News.
November 3, 2014, accessed November 19, 2017 http://khon2.com/2014/11/03/power-source-
and-cost-for-rail-transit-still-unresolved/

2. HONOLULU AUTHORITY FOR RAPID TRANSIT (HART)
RAIL RECOVERY PLAN – PROJECT PROGRESS & STATUS
Overall Progress Construction Design UTILITIES
April 28, 2017 36.00% 31.00% 70.70% 34.60%
Overall Progress Construction Design UTILITIES
September 15, 2017 38.00% 31.00% 70.70% 34.60%
Honolulu Authority for Rapid Transit (HART) Rail Recovery Plan – April 28, 2017
Krlshnlah Murthy HART Interim Executive Director and Chief Executive OffIcer
http://hartdocs.honolulu.gov/docushare/dsweb/Get/Document-20510/20170428-hart-recovery-plan.pdf
Honolulu Authority for Rapid Transit (HART) Rail Recovery Plan – September 15, 2017
Andrew S. Robbins HART Executive Director and Chief Executive OffIcer
http://hartdocs.honolulu.gov/docushare/dsweb/Get/Document-21210/20170915-hart-recovery-plan.pdf
________________________
THE BUSH FACTOR – THE SMART GRID
The Smart Grid. Title XIII Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA-
2007), approved Congress, January 2007, signed to law by President George W. Bush,
December 2007. Characteristics of a Smart Grid,
1. increased use of digital information and controls technology to improve
reliability, security, and efciency of the electric grid;
2. dynamic optimization of grid operations and resources, with full cyber-
security;
3. deployment and integration of distributed resources and generation, including
renewable resources;
4. development and incorporation of demand response, demand-side resources,
and energy efciency resources;

3. 5. deployment of "smart" technologies (real-time, automated, interactive
technologies that optimize the physical operation of appliances and consumer
devices) for metering, communications concerning grid operations and status,
and distribution automation;
6. integration of "smart" appliances and consumer devices;
7. deployment and integration of advanced electricity storage and peak-shaving
technologies, including plug-in electric and hybrid electric vehicles, and
thermal storage air conditioning;
8. provision to consumers of timely information and control options;
9. development of standards for communication and interoperability of
appliances and equipment connected to the electric grid, including the
infrastructure serving the grid; and
10. identifcation and lowering of unreasonable or unnecessary barriers to
adoption of smart grid technologies, practices, and services.
_____________________
Smart Grid Technologies
Wikipedia [Excerpt, Citations Omitted]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_grid
Smart power generation using advanced components: smart power generation
is a concept of matching electricity generation with demand using multiple
identical generators which can start, stop and operate efciently at chosen
load, independently of the others, making them suitable for base load and
peaking power generation.
Matching supply and demand, called load balancing, is essential for a stable
and reliable supply of electricity.
Short-term deviations in the balance lead to frequency variations and a
prolonged mismatch results in blackouts.

4. Operators of power transmission systems are charged with the balancing task,
matching the power output of all the generators to the load of their electrical
grid.
The load balancing task has become much more challenging as
increasingly intermittent and variable generators such as wind turbines
and solar cells are added to the grid, forcing other producers to adapt their
output much more frequently than has been required in the past.
[Emphasis Supplied]
_______________________
HAWAIIAN ELECTRIC, MAUI ELECTRIC, HAWAII ELECTRIC LIGHT
GRID MODERNIZATION STRATEGY
https://www.hawaiianelectric.com/about-us/our-commitment/investing-in-the-future/grid-modernization-strategy
Through Order No. 34281 [January 4, 2017], the Hawaii Public Utilities
Commission (PUC) directed the Hawaiian Electric Companies to develop "a
detailed Grid Modernization Strategy" that "will provide the comprehensive and
holistic vision and context to inform subsequent review of discrete grid
modernization project applications submitted by the Companies."
The PUC directed the Hawaiian Electric Companies to make an initial draft of
the Grid Modernization Strategy available for stakeholder review and comment
no later than June 30, 2017, with the fnal Grid Modernization Strategy
documents be fled with the commission no later than August 29, 2017.
The Grid Modernization Strategy is part of a proposed new planning process
known as "Integrated Grid Planning" that integrates the needs at all levels of the
system.

5. MODERNIZING HAWAII'S GRID FOR OUR CUSTOMERS | AUGUST 2017
8 GRID MODERNIZATION ROADMAP, 8.1 NEAR-TERM ROADMAP
https://www.hawaiianelectric.com/Documents/about_us/investing_in_the_future/fnal_august_2017_grid_modernization_strategy.pdf
In this Strategy, the initial deployment phase covers the near-term period
of 2018 through 2023.
The focus of this frst deployment phase is to mitigate existing service quality
issues that are arising in order to enable continued customer adoption of DER
[Distributed Energy Resources] and to create a grid platform that allows DER to
become an important system resource along with grid-scale renewables to
achieve Hawaii’s goals by 2045.
This platform orientation creates a foundation that is fexible, interoperable,
and secure and accommodates future innovation. This roadmap also envisions
a coordinated feld deployment with ongoing grid asset management work to
minimize installation costs where possible.
[Emphasis Supplied]
_________________________________
The question has to be asked, how was it allowed to just rot on the vine?
Where were the policymakers at all levels
that allowed conditions to deteriorate so.
When it comes to calling out the truth
Success will require us all to wake up those that want to stay asleep.
~ Peter Rogof, Chief Executive Ofcer of Sound Transit