Wellness Concepts and Applications, 8th Edition

1. WELLNESS - A LIFETIME APPROACH
Chapter 1

2. Objectives
Define wellness and factors that influence attaining it
List seven areas which comprise the holistic view of wellness
List and define six steps to changing behavior and name the model

3. An active process through which people become aware of, and make
choices towards, a more successful existence.
It is a process – not a goal
It implies choice, a way of life
It suggests what you believe, feel and do have an influence on
your health
Wellness Defined

4. Components of Wellness

5. Spiritual—Belief in a source of value that transcends
the boundaries of self, but also nurtures the self;
provides meaning and direction
Social—The ability to interact successfully with
people and with one’s personal environment
Physical—The ability to carry out daily tasks,
develop cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness,
maintain adequate nutrition and a healthy body fat
level, and avoid abusing drugs and alcohol
Environmental—The ability to promote health measures
that improve the standard of living and quality of life in
the community
Occupational—The ability to achieve a balance
between work and leisure

6. Emotional—The ability to control stress and to express emotions
appropriately and comfortably
Intellectual—The ability to learn and use information effectively
for personal, family, and career development
Intellectual wellness implies:
•Overcoming the health-behavior gap
•Possessing an internal locus of control
•Having a strong sense of self-efficacy

7. Lifestyle diseases—The most serious health problem in today’s
society
Chronic diseases include heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and
hypertension
Accidents, homicides, and suicides are leading killers among 15-
to 24-year-olds
The Wellness Challenge

8. Despite bioterrorism and the global spread of new viruses:
The real threats to human life involve:
• Diet
•Physical activity
• Personal health habits

9. The risk factor most strongly associated with
preventable death and chronic disease
Diet and physical inactivity
Next highest risk factor for smokers
Highest risk factor for nonsmokers
Smoking

10. Physical activity - Vigorous activity in adolescents and moderate physical
activity in adults
Overweight and obesity – Maintaining of proper weight for adolescents and
adults
Tobacco use – Stopping or not starting smoking by adolescents and adults
Substance abuse – Refraining from alcohol and illicit drugs use by
adolescents and adults
Responsible sexual behavior – Responsible sexual behavior
Healthy People 2010- Govt Report
Leading Health Indicators (LHIs)

11. Mental health – Treatment for those with recognized
depression
Injury and violence – Reduce deaths from motor vehicle
crashes and homicides
Environmental quality – Ozone pollution exposure/
tobacco smoke
Immunization - Children and high risk adults
Access to health care – Person have insurance and
prenatal care
LHIs Continued

12. Health behavior is learned, and can be changed
Forces that shape behavior
•Family, role models, and social norms
•Advertising
•Psychological needs
•Reactance motivation
Achieving Lifestyle Change

13. A SELF-HELP APPROACH assumes
that individuals can manage their
lifestyle change and learn to
control environmental factors that
are detrimental to health
Any approach requires time and
planning
You Are Responsible

14. TRANSTHEORETICAL
MODEL
OF BEHAVIOR CHANGE

15. Precontemplation stage
No behavior change is planned
Person may be unaware of need for change or
feels he or she can’t change
Contemplation stage
Aware of problem behaviors
Not willing to commit effort to change at
this time

16. Preparation stage—Planning to take action
Assess current behavior
Set Goals
S.M.A. R.T. - specific, measurable, accurate, realistic, and trackable
Realize that change is permanent

17. Action stage —Overt changes are made in behavior,
experiences, or environment
Rewards and incentives are important elements
Strategies for change:
Countering is one of most powerful strategies
Changing the environment
• avoidance; the elimination of associated
circumstances
Contracting with oneself

18. Maintenance stage — Goal is to
retain the gains and prevent relapse
Termination stage —The point at
which problem behavior is no longer
tempting

19. Review: Six Stages of Change
Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance
Termination

20. Nice Pecs!
P atience
E ffort
C onsistency
S upport