Feeding Methods and Formula

1. AL-Hada Hospital
Nursing Institute
First year
Feeding Methods and Formula
By:
Waad Al-Jaayd
Reem Assiri

2. Importance of Feeding
• Provides superior nutrition for optimum growth.
• Provides adequate water for hydration.
• Protects against infection and allergies.
• Promotes bonding and development.

3. Methods of Feeding
1. Breast feeding
2. Formula feeding
3. Cup feeding
4. Finger feeding

4. Advantage of Breastfeeding
FOR BABY
Improve growth & development
1_ Due to the anti-infective properties of breastmilk, breastfed babies
tend to have less incidence of or less pronounced symptoms of ear
infections, respiratory illness, allergies, diarrhea, and vomiting.
3_Due to the digestibility of breastmilk, breastfed babies are rarely
constipated.
3_The stools of breastfed babies are mild-smelling.
4_ SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) is less common in breastfed
babies.
5_ Breastmilk is constantly changing in its composition to meet the
changing needs of the baby. It has the exact combination of protein,
fats, vitamins, minerals, enzymes, and sugars needed for the human
infant at various stages of his growth.

5. 6_ Breastfed children are at less risk for chrohn's disease and
juvenile diabetes.
7_ IQ levels are an average of 8 points higher in children who
were breastfed.
Breast milk is always available, clean, and the right
temperature.
The bond between mother and child seems to be enhanced
with breastfeeding
Prevents infectious diseases for children
Adults who were breastfed have a lower risk for high
cholesterol and asthma

6. FOR MOTHER
Calories In mothers are burned while breastfeeding
2. The uterus of a breastfeeding mother shrinks to its pre-pregnancy size more
quickly.
3. Osteoporosis and cervical cancer are less common in women who
breastfed.
4. The return of fertility is delayed with breastfeeding.
5. Breastfeeding is more economical more easy not need for prepration
6. Breastmilk is always available, clean, and the right temperature.
7. Many mothers feel a special satisfaction in knowing that they alone are
meeting the nutritional needs of their babies.
8. Mothers daughters who were breastfed are at less risk for breast
cancer.
9. Mothers who were breastfed have a lower risk for high cholesterol
and asthma

7. HOW OFTEN TO BREASTFEED?
• After milk supply has increased
• Baby should have 5 to 6 wet diapers every day
• 3 to 4 dirty diapers every day

8. Benefits of Breast feeding after 6 months
• less risk of eczema
• lower blood pressure as an adult
• lower risk of childhood leukemia
• less likelihood of being overweight
• less likelihood of developing
childhood diabetes.
Mothers who breastfeed longer have:
• a lower risk of ovarian cancer
• a lower risk of developing Type II diabetes
• a lower risk of breast cancer – on average, for every
year spent breastfeeding

9. The Composition Of Breast Milk:
Breast milk, which is 90% water, consists
of: nutrient proteins, non-protein nitrogen
compounds, lipids,oligosaccharides, vitamins, m
inerals, hormones,enzymes, growth
factors and protective agents. It has 10% solids
for energy and growth

11. Formula feeding
is a manufactured food designed and
marketed for feeding to babies and infants
under 12 months of age, usually prepared
for bottle-feeding or cup-feeding from
powder (mixed with water) or liquid (with or
without additional water).

12. Indication of Artificial Feeding
• Baby’s mouth too small, nipple too big
• Baby’s mouth too large, nipple too small
• Socially more acceptable
•Maternal anxiety – baby not getting enough milk
• Maternal medication/infection
•Tried breast feeding, became exhausted
•Contraindication to breast-feeding, such as infant’s
metabolic disorders (galactocemia) and mothers who
have cancer and under radiation treatment
•Death of the mother.

13. Advantage & Disadvantage Artificial Feeding
Advantages of Artificial feeding
• If you bottle feed your baby, they may sleep for longer between
feeds.
• You can ask someone else to feed your baby, such as your
partner or a family member, if you need to take a break.
• Like breastfeeding, bottle feeding enables a strong bond and a
sense of closeness to develop between the baby and parent.
• Formula milk has added vitamin K
• If you are bottle feeding your baby, you know exactly how much
milk your baby has had.
• Your social life does not need to be curtailed. You can resume
your normal life.

14. RISKS OF ARTIFICIAL FEEDING
 More diarrhoea and
respiratory infections
 Persistent diarrhoea
 Malnutrition
Vitamin A deficiency
 More likely to die
 More allergy and
milk intolerance
 Increased risk of some
chronic diseases
 Overweight
 Lower scores on
intelligence tests

15. Not feeding enough
Feeding too much
Colic
Constipation
 Interferes with bonding
 Increased risk of anaemia,
ovarian and breast cancer
 May become
pregnant sooner

16. Cup feeding
Cup feeding (and similar vessels like spoon, etc) is a
method of feeding baby that has been around for a
very long period of time. It should be used to feed a
better baby who is not yet taking the breast and is
than a bottle . Usually be about 4-6 weeks after baby
birth.

17. Finger feeding
Finger-feeding, a substitute technique for
breastfeeding, has probably existed for thousands
of years as a way to keep a baby fed who has
difficulties going to breast or who needs to be
separated from mother for any length of time.

18. Breast feeding unit :2 year but
after at 6 month is not enough so
must be introduced food gradually
this weaning.

19. Weaning
It is a gradual addition of solid foods to the
infant’s diet according to infants’ diet according
to individual infant’s capacity and gradual
diminution of breast or artificial feeding in
frequency and /or quantity.

20. When do I start weaning my child?
You should start giving your baby solid foods
when they are around six months old, as well as
breast or formula milk.
Before six months, your baby's gut is still
developing and they need only breast or formula
milk. Weaning too soon may increase the risk of
infections and allergies.