Presented at the Basin Focal Project Review meeting in Cali, Colombia from 1-5 Feb, 2008

1. Niger Basin Focal Project
Coordination: Cali Workshop, February 2008
Pr. Jean Charles CLANET
Assistant, Andrew OGILVIE

2. Niger Basin Focal Project
Niger basin
• 2 100 000 km2 river
basin
b i
• 4 200 km long (3rd
longest river in Africa)
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

3. Niger Basin Focal Project
RIVER BASIN CHARACTERISTICS:
• 10 riparian countries
% of Niger river basin per country
Mali = 25,50% Niger = 24,80%
Algeria = 8,50%
Nigeria = 25,70%
Ni i 25 70%
Guinea = 4,30%
Cameroon = 3,90%
Chad = 0,90% Burkina Faso =
Ivory Coast = 1% Benin = 2% 3,40%
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

4. Niger Basin Focal Project
RIVER BASIN CHARACTERISTICS:
• Active watershed = 1 500 000 km2
• Supports 135 million people (71% Nigerian)
• High poverty
• 41-95% f
41 95% of population i rural areas
l ti in l
– Agriculture: 36-54% of basin GDP
Inland Delta
– 95% rainfed agriculture Middle Niger
– <8% i i t d
8% irrigated
• Upper Niger hydrological regions
4 distinct
Lower Niger
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

5. Niger Basin Focal Project
RIVER BASIN CHARACTERISTICS:
Flow - evaporation -25
(km3/y)
100 mm
mm = pp/year 41 27
1500 mm 500 mm
900 mm
61
1500 mm
93
• Large variations 250
• Widespread agricultural & water resource
vulnerability
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

6. Niger Basin Focal Project
KEY ISSUES:
• Crop-livestock systems (Millet, sorghum, yam,
p y , g ,y ,
cassava, rice, groundnut, husbandry, agroforestry)
• Pastoral systems
• Industrial systems
• Irrigation
• Fisheries
Fi h i
• Hydropower
• Pollution
P ll ti
• Migrations
• Conflicts (agropastoral, transboundary)
(agropastoral
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

7. Niger Basin Focal Project
KEY ISSUES: Inland Delta
• Inland delta
– Near endorheic behaviour
– 4 120 000 ha (3rd largest RAMSAR site)
– Mi ti
Migrations
July 01 - before the rains Nov 99 – exceptional year
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

8. Niger Basin Focal Project
NIGER BFP PROJECT:
• 2 year CPWF Project (01/01/2008 – 31/12/2009)
P j t
• $600,000 USD
$ ,
• Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
(previously ORSTOM): French public science and
technology research institute
• Basin Coordinator: Niger Basin Authority
• ECOWAS WRCU
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

9. Niger Basin Focal Project
IRD Network: Associated projects
7 centres in the Basin IRD:
• AMMA
• SIEREM, FRIEND AOC
• ANR RESSAC
• Ripiecsa
• CP Fisheries (n°72)
Others
• Value Chains and the rural poor
in disadvantaged regions”
(Canada IDRC)
• “Water ecosystem services and
poverty reduction under climate
change
change” (UK DFID)
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

10. Niger Basin Focal Project
WP1: Poverty analysis – John WARD
• Relationship between water availability
and water productivity ( water poverty)
• Magnitude spatial distribution heterogeneity
Magnitude, distribution,
– Water Poverty Index (Lawrence, Meigh and Sullivan, 2002)
– Livelihood Mapping (Kristjanson, et al. 2005)
– Climate Change Vulnerability (Vincent 2004)
(Vincent,
– Gini coefficient: distribution of income inequality
– Human Development Index (HDI): incorporates health, education & income
– Previous CPWF outputs & methodologies adapted f
P i t t th d l i d t d from other b i
th basins
Opportunities for policy formulation and
interventions that alleviate poverty & enhance
livelihoods (WP4, WP5)
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

11. Niger Basin Focal Project
WP1: Poverty analysis – John WARD
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

12. Niger Basin Focal Project
WP1: Poverty analysis – John WARD
Liveliho od variables V ulnerability V ariables
F actors of W ater Facto rs o f W ater W ater linkin g hazard s to
L ivelih ood livelih ood s
A vailability P ro du ctivity P ro d uctivity
C rops E ntitlem ents D em ographic structure
g p
H ydrology (W P 2) C apital
D istribution M arket A ccess Fish E ndow m ents G lobal interconnectivity
N atural resource
Infrastructure Infrastructure Fibre C apabilities
dependence
A ctions/ E conom ic w ell being and
Im poundm ents K now ledge Livestock
opportunities
pp stability
y
E ffective R ainfall
S oil conditions and R iparian and
and E vaporation
environm ental dependent N atural disaster risk
degradation E cosystem s
Level of utilisation
Institutional stability and
T echnology Forests strength of public
infrastructure (W P 4)
F acto rs of W ater A ccess
S ocial C onventions and custom s
C orruption, C onflict
H ealth and m edical m etrics
H ousehold Incom e
P roperty rights and institutions
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

13. Niger Basin Focal Project
WP2: Water availability and access – Gil Mahé
• Data collection and database construction
• Hydro-climatic data time series analysis
• Climate change, production system and socio-
change
economy modelling on water availability & access
• Water uses assessment and WEAP modelling
Water scarcity areas (quantity, quality, access) –
WLDss
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

14. Niger Basin Focal Project
WP3: Agricultural productivity – Bruno Barbier
• Rainfed agriculture, Irrigation,Fisheries,
g , g , ,
Livestock, Forestry
• Plot, household, agropastoral, ecosystem level
, , g p , y
• Literature review & status and trend analysis of
main agricultural p
g production systems
y
• Key areas (Hot spots)
Oppo tu t es,
Opportunities, innovations a d research
o at o s and esea c
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

15. Niger Basin Focal Project
WP4: Institutional analysis – Armelle Caron
• Formal & informal institutions
• Basin wide, Sub-basin, National &
Community level
• Literature review & interviews
Identify and analyse how institutions
y y
• influence sustainable uses of
water
• regulate competition and conflicts
l t titi d fli t
• interact
Assess performance and identify
“success stories”
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

16. Niger Basin Focal Project
WP5: Intervention analysis – Regassa Namara
• Literature survey
• Objective Oriented Project Planning (OOPP)
• Workshops & household surveys in 4 sub-units of
the Niger Basin
• Quantitative decision support tools:
• WEAP, PODIUMSIM
Assess ex-ante specific interventions
ex ante
Identify & recommend interventions
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

17. Niger Basin Focal Project
WP6: Knowledge base – Jean François Boyer
• For both Niger and Volta BFP
• Inventory and centralisation of data
• Public access - website and online database
(English & French)
• Connection with IDIS & mirror DB with NBA
• GIS layers, Google Earth functionality (audit
u de ay)
underway)
• Interactive Niger Basin CD-ROM
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

18. Niger Basin Focal Project
DataBase plan
Server BFP Niger Results
ArcIms Html files
Sites
Asp Scripts
IIS
Knowledge Database
g Management DB
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

19. Niger Basin Focal Project
Knowledge DataBase
Colombes
Knowledge DB
Knowledge DataBase
Chronological series Knowledge data
Socio-
Socio-economic Data
Installing Reports
Observed or calculated chronological data Studies
S di
Modelling results
Bibliographies
Spatialized data
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

20. Niger Basin Focal Project
Physical Installation
University DMZ Intranet MSE
I t t
Armspark IIS Colombes
Firewall
Client Client
Knowledge Database
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

21. Niger Basin Focal Project
BFP Niger Partners
• INERA: Séraphine Kaboré- • IER: Sangaré Datouma
g
Sawadogo
• 2iE: Hama Yacouba
• ARID: Jean-Paul Luc
• University of Ngaoundéré,
• IRD: Cameroon: Dr. Gaston Liénou
– R063 - Centre d'Economie
d Economie • University of Lagos: Mayoma
et d'Ethique pour Fasona
l'Environnement et le
Développement (C3ED): • University of Ouagadougou: Da
Isabelle Droy Dapola
– R168 - Dynamiques • CIRDES Bobo – Dioulasso: Dr.
environnementales entre Abdoulaye Gouro
forêt, agriculture et • Confédération paysanne
biodiversité: Georges Guinée: Lancény Cherif
Serpantié, François Molle • CNSHB Guinée: S. Camara
• CIRAD: PPZS • Paris I: Jérôme Marie
• ILRI/STI: E. Schellingg • Université d’Artois: T. Yao Brou
• ISRA: Tamsir Diop
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

22. Niger Basin Focal Project
Outputs and impacts
• Reports & Atlas
• Bilingual version (8,5 countries)
• Presentations (13th World Water Congress
Congress,
Montpellier, 1-4 sept 2008)
• Academia – policy briefs articles PhD & MSc
briefs, articles,
students, capacity building
• Website & O
ebs te Online database
e
• NBA, IRD network, WRCU
Identify key opportunities for research, policy
and interventions to alleviate rural poverty
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

23. Niger Basin Focal Project
THANK YOU
• For further info:
www.ird.fr
www ird fr
www.g-eau.net
Jean-Charles.Clanet@ird.fr
Andrew.Ogilvie@ird.fr
Andrew Ogilvie@ird fr
Boyer@msem.univ-montp2.fr
Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU