The document summarizes the spread of Hellenistic culture following the conquests of Alexander the Great. It established Alexandria, Egypt as a major center of learning and scholarship, including the Great Library of Alexandria containing 500,000 scrolls. Major scientific advances were made in astronomy, geometry, and philosophy during this period by thinkers such as Ptolemy, Euclid, Archimedes, and Epicurus. Hellenistic art also flourished, seen in realistic sculptures that honored gods and ordinary people alike, exemplified by works such as the Colossus of Rhodes and Nike of Samothrace. Four major kingdoms emerged after Alexander's death that eventually were all conquered by the Romans.

1. The Spread of Hellenistic Culture

2. Objectives Define Hellenistic Culture Summarize the major science, philosophies and artistic styles of the Hellenistic period

3. Vocabulary Hellenistic:

4. Hellenistic Culture Hellenistic: Blending of Greek cultures with those of Persia, Egypt and Central Asia following the conquests of Alexander the Great Alexandria, Egypt Center of Hellenistic Spread customs and traditions became center of learning and scholarship

6. Library of Alexandria Contains half million papyrus scrolls Philosophy, literature, history, and sciences First research library

8. Lighthouse of Pharos Built on Island of Pharos 393-450 feet tall One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World 1303/1323 AD Destroyed by earthquakes

9. Astronomy Ptolemy Incorrectly placed earth at center of solar system Aristarchus Proposed Earth and other and other planets revolved around the sun Eratosthenes Closely calculated Earth’s true size

10. Geometry Euclid Basis for Geometry Archimedes Calculated Pi Lever, Pulley and Screw Erathosthenes Calculated size of world

12. Seek pleasure, avoid pain

14. Flourishing of sculpture

15. Honored gods, heroes, and ordinary people

16. More realistic than Ancient Greece, more ordinary

17. Influence would follow to Rome

18. Colossus of Rhodes

19. Bronze statue

20. One of the seven wonders

21. Toppled by earthquake in 225 B.C.E.Nike of Samothrace (often Winged Victory) Honor Goddess Nike

22. Hellenistic Sculpture

23. The Hellenistic Era/Kingdoms Four kingdoms emerged after Alexander’s death 1. Macedonia 2. Syria 3. Pergamum (Turkey) 4. Egypt All eventually were conquered by the Romans

24. Hellenistic Achievements

25. Homework Chart and Vocabulary Terms due Friday at the end of the hour Quiz on Monday