2. 1. Quantitative Methods Quantitative methods as they are commonly conceived derive from experimental and statistical methods in natural science. The main focus is on measuring 'how much is happening to how many people'. The main tools are large scale surveys analyzed using statistical techniques.
3. Questionnaires are then conducted for a random sample or stratified random sample of individuals, often including a control group. Causality is assessed through comparison of the incidence of the variables under consideration between main sample and control group and/or the degree to which they co-occur. in large-scale research projects teams are composed of a number of skilled research designers and analysts assisted by teams of local enumerators.
4. Examples of Quantitative Researches Descriptive Survey Research Experimental Research Single - Subject Research Causal - Comparative Research Correlational Research Meta-analysis
5. 2.Qualitative Methods Qualitative research uses data which is descriptive in nature. Tools that educational researchers use in collecting qualitative data include: observations, conducting interviews, conducting document analysis, and analyzing participant products such as journals, diaries, images or blogs.
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8. 3. Participatory Methods Participatory methods have their origins in development activism: NGOs and social movements. The participatory process may involve small focus groups, larger participatory workshops or individual diaries and diagrams which are then collated into a plenary discussion.
13. Idea-generating phase In this phase the researcher(s) starts by brainstorming of topics that maybe presented based upon the goals of the researcher.
14. Problem-definition phase This phase is where a certain problem will be presented. The problem will determine the hypotheses of the research.
15. Procedures-design phase This phase would tell what kind of methodologies are to be used in the research to be conducted.
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17. Interpretation phase Also known as conclusion phase. It is when the results of the research are formulated and when conclusions are given.
18. Communication phase The phase wherein the results and conclusions on the research are presented into a panel or to a certain agent that will provide the researcher his primary goal in the research.
