The document discusses the Design & Engineering Methodology for Organizations (DEMO) approach for modeling organizational processes and transactions. It explains key DEMO concepts like thinking in terms of actions, transactions, and processes. Diagrams are presented that model transactions between actors, and how transactions are coordinated to form business processes. The integrated DEMO sub-models are outlined, including the construction, process, fact, and action models. Combining DEMO and Building Information Modeling (BIM) is seen as promising. In conclusion, it is noted that DEMO concepts like transactions are already well adopted in VISI, but some improvements could be made.
2. VISI 20141126 JD slide 2
DEMO: het onthullen van essentie
Denken in acties
Denken in transacties
Denken in processen
Het complete essentiële model
Conclusies en vragen
Outline
5. VISI 20141126 JD slide 5
The key notion: organisation
INF5890 Overview of theories on organizations and management Lars Groth 23
Every organized human activity - from the making of pots to the placing
of a man on the moon - gives rise to two fundamental and opposing
requirements: the division of labor into various tasks to be performed
and the coordination of these tasks to accomplish the activity.
Henry Mintzberg, The Structuring of Organizations, 1979
6. VISI 20141126 JD slide 6
It’s all about production and coordination …
theories on organizations and management 24
Mintzberg’s division of labor is actually a
division in actor roles: the ‘production
units’ that bring about the (sub and end)
products of the organisation.
Production and coordination occur in
universal patterns, called transactions.
A transaction comprises 4 to 20 generic
coordination steps regarding 1 specific
production step.
The operating principle of every
organisation is that actors (subjects
fulfilling actor roles), when performing
coordination steps, enter into and
comply with commitments regarding a
production step.
7. VISI 20141126 JD slide 7
… and about (operational) structure
INF5890 Overview of theories on organizations and management Lars Groth 23
Mintzberg says that the structure of an organisation is simply the sum
total of the ways in which it divides its labor into distinct tasks and then
achieves coordination among them.
T1
T3
A1
T2
T5 T6
T4
A0
A2
A5 A6
A3
A7
T7 T8
A8
A4
We add to it that the structure consists of trees of building blocks
which correspond with the structure of products.
8. VISI 20141126 JD slide 8
By virtue of the building block concept, and by abstracting from information systems and implementation technology (including ICT), a reduction of complexity of more than 95% is achieved!
flow charts
notes
narratives
interviews
essential
model
What does DEMO offer you?
The resulting essential model offers the intellectual manageability you need: insight in and overview over the most complex tasks!
11. VISI 20141126 JD slide 11
PRODUCTION
WORLD
COORDINATION
WORLD
production
acts
coordination
acts
coordination facts production facts
It is all about production and coordination …
interacting
subjects
The interacting subjects perform coordination acts and production acts,
resulting in coordination facts and production facts, in response to
coordination events (the coming into being of coordination facts).
12. VISI 20141126 JD slide 12
Alicia: I’d like to have a bouquet of red tulips
Alicia : request : Celestine : sales #31416 is completed
Celestine: Just a moment
Celestine : promise : Alicia : sales #31416 is completed
Celestine: Here you are
Celestine : state : Alicia : sales #31416 is completed
Alicia: Thanks
Alicia : accept : Celestine : sales #31416 is completed
Examples of coordination acts
13. VISI 20141126 JD slide 13
Validity claims in coordination acts
Claim to justice (G: Richtigkeit, NL: juistheid)
Has the performer the authority to perform the coordination act?
Claim to sincerity (G: Wahrhaftigkeit, NL: oprechtheid)
Is the performer sincere in performing the coordination act?
Claim to truth (G: Wahrheit, NL: waarheid)
Does the product exist or can it be produced?
Ultimately, the performer of a coordination act is autonomous. He/she is however always responsible and accountable for his/her acts.
22. VISI 20141126 JD slide 22
initiator
executor
The organisational building block
transaction kind
actor role
actor role
23. VISI 20141126 JD slide 23
request
promise
accept
state
A0
T1
A1
An actor A0 (the initiator of T1) comes to agreement with an actor A1 (the executor of T1) about the delivery of a product P1.
Basically, A0 doesn’t need to care about what A1 has to do in order to produce P1.
At some point in time, A1 addresses A0 and performs the state act in the transaction T1.
Business process (1)
24. VISI 20141126 JD slide 24
NOTE: component transactions may also be carried out in parallel.
request
promise
accept
state
T1
T3
A1
T2
T6
T5
T4
A0
A2
A5
A6
A3
A7
T7
T8
A8
A4
Business process (2)
In order to produce P1, A1 needs a P2, a P3 and a P4! And …
27. VISI 20141126 JD slide 27
actors
transactions
business processes
business events
business objects
business facts
PRODUCTION
COORDINATION
work instructions
business rules
CM
FM
PM
AM
The integrated sub models
29. VISI 20141126 JD slide 29
DEMO and BIM (1)
Henk Schaap, 24 april 2013
Het BIM is niet alleen een bron om te raadplegen, het is ook een data bank waarin je verandert!
Want elk feit is het resultaat van een transactie (of het is berekend)!
30. VISI 20141126 JD slide 30
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility. A BIM is a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle, defined as existing from earliest conception to demolition.
(National BIM standard USA)
DEMO and BIM (2)
The BIM models in a building project could very well be used as the Fact Model in DEMO.
What has to be added are the transaction results, i.e. the completion of the various parts of the project.
32. VISI 20141126 JD slide 32
Het denken in transacties en actorrollen is perfect overgenomen in VISI
Het DEMO-1 transactiepatroon in VISI zou vervangen moeten worden door het DEMO-3 transactiepatroon.
Aan het denken in processen (boomstructuren van transacties) binnen VISI zou de ‘roll back’ in een keten van transacties toegevoegd moeten worden.
Een combinatie van DEMO en BIM lijkt heel goed mogelijk. Het belangrijkste inzicht is dat BIM ‘er niet gewoon is’ maar gemaakt wordt in transacties.
DEMO in VISI: conclusies en vragen
33. VISI 20141126 JD slide 33
j.l.g.dietz@tudelft.nl
jan.dietz@uantwerpen.be
jan.dietz@sapio.nl
The end
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