Module 2 Lesson 5 someone else's family

1. • What is the Particles
• What is Romaji (Roman Alphabet)
• Special Hiragana ん
• The Particle も
• Sokuon(double consonant)
http://www.japanese-lesson.com/characters/hiragana/hiragana_drill/hiragana01.html
http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/hiragana
https://mistressinwaiting.wordpress.com/category/language-notes/

2. particles
Particles are probably one of the most difficult and
confusing aspects of Japanese sentences. A particle
(joshi) is a word that shows the relationship of a word, a
phrase, or a clause to the rest of the sentence. Some
particles have English equivalents. Others have
functions similar to English prepositions, but since they
always follow the word or words they mark, they are
post-positions. There are also particles that have a
peculiar usage which is not found in English. Most
particles are multi-functional.

3. Romaji is the romanization of the Japanese
Language. Famous Japanese loanwords in the
English language, such as Tokyo, Sushi and
Karaoke, are examples of Romaji.
The main function of Romaji is for writing human
names and place names in English. And it is
always used in the beginner's Japanese textbook
for foreign learners. But we have to emphasize
that the Japanese people never use Romaji to
write their language. That's why you need to learn
Hiragana and Katakana.
What is Romaji?

4. In Japanese dictionaries, ん is usually the last Hiragana listed,
just like the letter "z". But we choose to learn it in Lesson 5
because ん is a frequently used Hiragana and it is easy to
remember.
ん looks like the letter "n" (or "h"). And its pronunciation is
exactly the same as the "n" as in "sun", "pan" or "June". In other
words, you can think of it as the letter 'n' used at the end of a
word. And I think you will never forget this Hiragana after this
lesson.
Just think of it as the letter "n" in English
ん is never used at the beginning of a word. And different from
other Hiragana characters, which represent one syllable, ん
does not by itself form a syllable. So あ and ん are not
pronounced separately as a-n, but continuously as "an".
The special Hiragana ん

5. What is 促音?
Sokuon is a symbol, in the form of a smaller
Hiragana つ or Katakana ツ, that indicates a slight
pause between two syllables. For instance, さっき
means that after pronouncing "sa", there is a slight
pause before pronouncing "ki".
Sokuon does not appear at the beginning of a word.

6. Here is a tip for usage of Japanese particle も (mo).
The も(mo) is similar to the English words “too” or “also “either” neither.” and
below are a few examples and uses.
My dad is 45 years old. わたしのちちは45さいです。
My mom is also 45 years old. ははも45さいです。
Both my mom and dad are 45 years old. ははもちちも45さいです。
I have both a cat and a dog. わたしはねこもいぬもいます。
I don’t have a younger sister. わたしはいもうとがいません。
My friend doesn’t have a younger sister either. ともだちもいもうとがいません。
Neither me nor my friend has a younger sister. わたしもともだちもいもうとがいません。
Note: As you can see with the verb highlighted in green at the end of the sentence they
are changed to the negative form of the verb
Grammar Lesson 5 The Particle も (mo)