Contenu connexe Similaire à Beautiful butterflies 2014 (20) Beautiful butterflies 20141. © Project SOUND
Out of the Wilds and Into Your Garden
Gardening with California Native Plants in Western L.A. County
Project SOUND – 2014 (our 10th year)
2. © Project SOUND
More Beautiful Butterflies:
food and habitat for our prettiest
pollinators
C.M. Vadheim and T. Drake
CSUDH & Madrona Marsh Preserve
Madrona Marsh Preserve
July 5 & 8, 2014
3. The garden at 112
Willow St.
“Designing Your New CA
Garden’ series – Mother
Nature’s Backyard blog -
http://mother-natures-
backyard.blogspot.com/2013
/07/designing-your-new-
california-garden-1.html).
© Project SOUND
July, 2013 – Aug/Sept, 2014
Needed an example that was
typical of a small S. CA yard
5. The garden at
112 Willow St.
6 functional areas :
Quiet/meditation
Maintenance
Vegetable Garden
Native Grass Lawn
Shady Seating
Butterfly Garden
© Project SOUND
7. But our task today is to design the
Butterfly Garden
© Project SOUND
Mowed native lawn
Butterfly Garden
Apple tree
Seating area
Porch/patio with roof
8. The photo that inspired our gardeners
© Project SOUND
http://anythingispossibletravel.com/almost-heaven/
9. What do we like about it?
Relaxed, natural appearance
Small size
Native plants
Butterflies & other
pollinators visit
Some color – but natural –
not like Disneyland
Sunny
Easy access
Could have seating that
allowed enjoying it
© Project SOUND
Clearly someone really likes
being in this garden; ‘Life-friendly’
for humans and others
10. How does our Butterfly Garden stack up?
© Project SOUND
Relaxed, natural appearance
Small size
Native plants
Butterflies & other pollinators
visit
Some color – but natural – not like
Disneyland
Sunny
Easy access
Seating that allows enjoying it
Life-friendly
We’ll need to carefully choose
our plants to maximize
11. Butterfly Garden
Soil: clay loam
Drainage: good (slight slope;
drier on top)
Full sun
Water Zone: 2 (tentative)
Watered with soaker hose
Other:
Afternoon breeze
Nice views behind (to south)
5 ft wood fence behind
Visible from house, porch,
‘shady seating area’, ‘lawn’
Near ‘vegetable garden’
Mulched (if appropriate)
© Project SOUND
14. Attributes of the Butterfly Garden
Fits overall theme for garden: ‘food for all’
Plants
Provide food for butterfly adults, larva or both
Suitable for clay-loam soil
Tolerate full sun
Tolerate modest slope
Water Zone 2 or less
Purple/blue and yellow flowers (if possible)
Something in bloom early spring through fall
Hardscape
Soaker hose irrigation
Chipped bark mulch (if appropriate for plants)
Bird bath; drinking saucers for butterflies
© Project SOUND
16. Butterfly habitat garden: reality check
© Project SOUND
8’
6’ 4’
3’
Conclusion: butterfly garden is not
wide enough – will look bad
18. Reality check: still not much space
© Project SOUND
8’
6’
4’2’
Plants will be closely spaced – the
Coastal Sage Scrub look
19. Space in the ‘Butterfly Garden’ - limited
(1) 8 ft diameter (large shrub)
(6) 6 ft diameter (Salvia size)
(6-7) 4 ft diameter (Buckwheat size)
(5-10+) 3 ft or less (perennial/fill)
Annual wildflowers
Grass lawn – for skippers
We like the formal look of the
borders in the UCR Garden;
plants soften the edges
© Project SOUND
20. Add a border between garden and grass
© Project SOUND
B
8’
6’
2’ 4’
Border material (stone; man-made) will be
semi-formal and same warm gray as rest of
path materials
23. Qualities of the small tree/large shrub
8-9 ft wide, maximum
Not too tall (8-10 ft) unless narrow
Evergreen
Somewhat neat appearance
Attract the most butterflies (or
different from those attracted by
smaller plants)
Added points for:
Attractive flowers
Flowering time
Fruits
Scents
© Project SOUND
Cercocarpus montanus
24. Best butterfly choices for tree/large shrub
Lavatera assurgentiflora
Populus spp.
Prunus spp.
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Quercus spp.
Quercus
berberidifolia/dumosa
Rhamnus spp.
Ribes spp.
*Aesculus californica
Alnus species
*Amorpha californica
*Arbutus menziesii
Arctostaphylos (large
forms)
Atriplex lentiformis ssp.
breweri
Baccharis salicifolia
*Ceanothus cuneatus var.
cuneatus
Cercocarpus spp.
*Chilopsis linearis
*Frangula californica
© Project SOUND
25. Best butterfly choices for tree/large shrub
Lavatera assurgentiflora
Populus spp.
Prunus spp.
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Quercus spp.
Quercus
berberidifolia/dumosa
Rhamnus spp.
Ribes spp.
Salix spp.
*Aesculus californica
Alnus species
*Amorpha californica
*Arbutus menziesii
Arctostaphylos (large
forms)
Atriplex lentiformis ssp.
breweri
Baccharis salicifolia
*Ceanothus cuneatus var.
cuneatus
Cercocarpus spp.
*Chilopsis linearis
*Frangula californica
© Project SOUND
27. California Dogface - Zerene eurydice
State insect since 1972. California was the
first state to choose a state insect.
Its endemic range is limited CA from San
Diego County north to Sonoma County.
The ‘dogface’ name comes from a wing
pattern resembling a dog’s face (some
think it looks like a poodle) which is found
on the male of the species.
Its wings are an iridescent bluish-black,
orange and sulfur-yellow in color. The
female has a small black dot on each of its
yellow forewings.
Rare/local – primarily in foothill chaparral,
woodlands
© Project SOUND
http://butterflyfarms.org/california-dogface/
female
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_dogface_butterfly
28. California Dogface - Zerene eurydice
Larvae feed on Amorpha californica,
CA false indigo.
Adults feed on flower nectar –
particularly fond of purple flowers.
In the California chaparral and
woodlands habitats of the Santa Ana
Mountains, the adult California Dogface
butterflies can be seen nectaring at
thistles: natives (Cirsium occidentale)
and introduced invasive species.
They are hard to get close to and hard
to photograph because they fly very
fast.
© Project SOUND
http://socalbutterflies.com/pieridae_html/calif_dog.htm
29. © Project SOUND
California false indigo – Amorpha californica
http://www.laspilitas.com/nature-of-california/plants/amorpha-californica
30. Coastal ranges from N. CA to AZ, Baja
Santa Monica Mtns, San Gabriel
mountains, Griffith Park
Dry slopes in Yellow Pine Forest,
Chaparral, Mixed Evergreen Forest,
Northern Oak Woodland; stream banks
© Project SOUND
California false indigo – Amorpha californica var. californica
http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?3691,3713,3714,3715
©2011 Aaron Arthur
http://www.laspilitas.com/nature-of-california/plants/amorpha-californica
31. © Project SOUND
False indigo: large shrubby pea
Size: (varies w/ light)
5-8 ft tall
5-8 ft wide
Growth form:
Woody shrub; semi-deciduous
Rather irregular shape
Foliage:
Medium green
Leaves compound, large (1 ft)
with simple leaflets
Plant noticeably hairy
Pleasant scent: guava, pineapple,
lavender maybe a little pine
Larval food plant for CA State
butterfly, the California Dogface
(Zerene eurydice).
©2011 Aaron Arthur
©2010 Dee E. Warenycia
32. © Project SOUND
Flowers unique
Blooms: in spring; usually April-June
Flowers:
On dramatic, wand-like stalks
Purple-magenta fused sepals give
the color
Anthers extend well beyond the
sepals
Flower type typical for Amorpha
Seeds: in one-seeded pod; plant fresh
seed or pre-chill 3 weeks prior to
planting
http://www.laspilitas.com/nature-of-california/plants/amorpha-californica
http://www.smmflowers.org/mobile/species/Amorpha_cal
ifornica_californica.htm
33. © Project SOUND
Plant Requirements Soils:
Texture: most
pH: any local [6.0-8.0]
Light:
Needs some shade; light shade
to quite shady
Water:
Winter: needs good winter rains
Summer: best with some
summer water – Zone 2 probably
optimal for appearance
Fertilizer: none; likes poor soils
Other: either difficult or easy –
needs the right spot. Easy to prune
or shape
©2004 Aaron Schusteff
34. © Project SOUND
False indigo: shade
Good choice in high or dappled shade
under trees; woodsy appearance
To provide Dogface habitat
Back of bed shrub – north-facing
Large containers
In a scented garden
http://mamba.bio.uci.edu/~pjbryant/biodiv/plants/Fabaceae/Amorpha%20cali
fornica.htm
http://www.smmflowers.org/mobile/species/Amorpha_californica_californica.htm
http://www.smmflowers.org/mobile/species/Amorpha_californica_californica.htm
36. Best butterfly choices for tree/large shrub
Lavatera assurgentiflora
Populus spp.
Prunus spp.
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Quercus spp.
Quercus
berberidifolia/dumosa
Rhamnus spp.
Ribes spp.
Salix spp.
*Aesculus californica
Alnus species
*Amorpha californica
*Arbutus menziesii
Arctostaphylos (large
forms)
Atriplex lentiformis ssp.
breweri
Baccharis salicifolia
*Ceanothus cuneatus var.
cuneatus
Cercocarpus spp.
*Chilopsis linearis
*Frangula californica
© Project SOUND
37. Can we eliminate any based on appearance?
© Project SOUND
Ceanothus cuneatus
Cercocarpus montanus
Frangula californica
Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia
Rhamnus ilicifolia
38. Comparison of four possibilities
Plant Size Requirements Blooms Butterflies/etc.
Cercocarpus
montanus
6-12 ft tall
4-5 ft. wide
Tree-like
Sun/well-drained
Water Zone 1-2, 2
Insig /Sp
Hairstreaks
Bees
Frangula
californica
6-12 ft t/ w
smaller
cultivars
Shrub-like
FS/PS
Any soil
Water 1-2 to 2-3
Insig /Sp
Colored
fruits
Pale Swallowtail
Painted Lady
Gray Hairstreak
Bees
Fruit-eating birds
Prunus
ilicifolia ssp.
ilicifolia
10-25 ft t
10-20 ft w
Shrub-like
FS/PS
Any soil
Water 1-2 to 2-3
White/Su
Colored
fruits
Swallowtails
Bees
Humans
Rhamnus
ilicifolia
12 ft tall
5-6 ft w
Shrub-like
FS/PS/ FSH
Any soil
Water 1-2 to 2
Insig /Sp
Colored
fruits
Pale Swallowtail
Painted Lady
Gray Hairstreak
Bees /birds
© Project SOUND
41. Space in the ‘Butterfly Garden’ -
(1) 8 ft diameter (large shrub)
(6) 6 ft diameter (Salvia size)
(6-7) 4 ft diameter (Buckwheat size)
(5-10+) 3 ft or less (perennial/fill)
Grass lawn – for skippers
© Project SOUND
43. We’ll have to choose the very best native
butterfly plants
Eriogonum (Buckwheats)
Salvia (Sages)
Asclepias (Milkweeds)
Sunflower family
Herbs/vegetables (non-native)
Annual wildflowers
Grasses
© Project SOUND
44. Choices for 5-6 ft butterfly shrubs (n=6)
Eriogonum species
Eriogonum giganteum
Eriogonum fasciculatum
Eriogonum fasciculatum
‘Dana Point’
Mediterranean herbs
Lavender
Rosemary (bush type)
Salvia species
Salvia leucophylla
Salvia mellifera
Salvia clevelandii
Salvia clevelandii x S.
leucophylla ‘Allen
Chickering’
© Project SOUND
45. Let’s look at the Salvias first
© Project SOUND
Salvia leucophylla
Salvia clevelandii
Salvia clevelandii ‘Winifred Gilman’
Salvia ‘Allen Chickering’
46. Comparing the Salvia choices
Name Shape Flowers
Other
Butterfly
habitat
Salvia leucophylla
4’ tall 5-6’ wide;
spreading
Light purple ; earlier
Nice scent
Gray-green foliage
Excellent
adult
Salvia clevelandii 5’ x 5’; rounded
Blue-purple; summer
Nice scent
Green foliage
Excellent
adult
Salvia clevelandii
‘Winifred Gilman’
5’ x 5’; rounded
Intense blue-purple; Su
Lovely scent
Green foliage
? short-lived
Excellent
adult
Salvia ‘Allen
Chickering’
4-5’ x 4-6’;
spreading
Medium lavender; Sp/Su
Nice scent - different
Gray-green foliage
Excellent
adult
© Project SOUND
47. Comparing the others: buckwheats/herbs
© Project SOUND
Eriogonum fasciculatum
Eriogonum fasciculatum ‘Dana Point’
http://bonnieplants.com/growing/growing-rosemary/
Rosemary
http://www.addorganicgardening.com/lavender-flower-benefits/
Lavender
48. What’s the deal about native buckwheats
(Eriogonum spp)?
Almost all are good nectar/pollen sources for pollinators
Bloom late when other food sources aren’t available.
Eriogonum are used as food plants by larvae of some Lepidoptera
(butterflies and moths). Some feed only on native buckwheats:
Apodemia mormo (Mormon metalmark) - feeds exclusively on
Eriogonum
Apodemia mormo langei (Lange's metalmark) - only known from
Eriogonum nudum ssp. auriculatum
Chionodes dammersi (moth) - feeds exclusively on Eriogonum
Chionodes luteogeminatus (moth) - only known from Eriogonum
niveum
Euphilotes enoptes smithi (Smith's blue butterfly) - only known
from Eriogonum latifolium and Eriogonum parvifolium
© Project SOUND
50. © Project SOUND
var. fasciculatum: Dry slopes and canyons near the coast, coastal sage
scrub – primarily Central CA coast
var. foliolosum: Sandy to gravelly flats, slopes & canyons , mixed
grassland and chaparral communities, oak and conifer woodlands
http://www.cnps.org/cnps/nativeplants/gallery/ingram/index.php
var. fasciculatum
var. foliolosum
51. © Project SOUND
Characteristics of California Buckwheat
Size: similar to Dune Buckwheat
2-5 ft tall
3-5 ft wide
Growth form:
low mounded semi-evergreen
shrub
Many-branched ; dense
Neat appearance
http://www.newportbay.org/plants/index.html
Foliage:
Leaves alternate, but densely clustered
at nodes, evergreen, narrow lanceolate
(nearly needle-like when dry)
Somewhat similar to Rosemary in
appearance
http://www.birdmom.net/wildflowerspink.html
52. © Project SOUND
CA Buckwheat: showy for months
Great for summer color:
May-Nov. possible
As an alternative to the non-
native Rosemary
In perennial beds
On parking strips & bordering
paths and driveways
For erosion control
Larval foodsource for Mormon
Metalmark, Bramble Hairstreak,
Common Hairstreak, Avalon
Hairstreak
53. © Project SOUND
CA Buckwheat cultivars make good
groundcovers
‘Dana Point’ - brighter green leaf,
more mounding than species. Gets
to be really large (6+ ft)
'Bruce Dickinson' – good for
groundcover; stays close to the
ground, spreads nicely, and holds
good form throughout the year.
‘Theodore Payne' – low groundcover
(1 ft high; 1-3 ft spread)
'Warriner Lytle' - A sprawling low
growing California buckwheat; can
grow to 2 feet tall but is often more
prostrate, hugging the ground like a
mat
‘Dana Point’
‘Warriner Lytle’
54. Name Shape Flowers
Other
Butterfly habitat
Eriogonum
fasciculatum
2-3 ft tall
3-5 ft wide
Pink – very pretty
Summer
Showy rust-color
seeds in fall
Adults (many)
Larva: Morman Metalmark,
Bramble Hairstreak, Common
Hairstreak, Avalon Hairstreak
Bees
Pollinators
Eriogonum
fasciculatum
‘Dana Point’
2-3 ft tall
5-6+ ft wide
Pink – very pretty
summer
Showy rust-color
seeds in fall
Adults (many)
Larva (see above)
Bees
Pollinators
Rosemary < 2 ft tall
spreading
White
Spring/summer
Fragrant cooking herb
Bees
Hummingbirds
Lavender
1-3 ft tall
1-4+ ft wide
Size depends
on cultivar
Lavender flowers
Summer
Lovely fragrance
Adults
Bees
Hummingbirds
© Project SOUND
Thyme
Adults
55. © Project SOUND
We’ve got room for six 5-6 ft. shrubs
Salvias: S. leucophylla (2); S. clevelandii (3)
Eriogonum fasciculatum (?1)
Lavender
Thyme
56. Considering foliage color
Green
Rhamnus/Frangula
Salvia clevelandii
Ergiogonum fasciculatum
Thyme
Silver/white/gray
Salvia leucophylla
? Lavender (choose appropriate)
? Eriogonum cinereum (Ashyleaf
buckwheat)
© Project SOUND
58. Plants in the Sunflower family are also
good nectar and pollen sources
© Project SOUND
Early, mid- and late-season bloomers
59. We can’t have a Butterfly Garden without sunflowers
Width Early/Spring Summer Fall
5-6 ft Grindelia camporum Hazardia/Isocoma
4-5 ft
Encelia californica
*Perityle incana
Grindelia hirsutula
*Perityle incana
Solidago spp
*Viguiera parishii
Ericameria ericoides
*Ericameria nauseosa
Solidago spp
*Viguiera parishii
< 3 ft
filler
Lasthenia spp
Layia platyglossa
Achillea millefolium
Cirsium occidentale
Helianthus annuus
Heterotheca grandiflora
Malacothrix saxatilis
Pseudognaphalium
canescens
*Symphyotrichum chilense
Achillea millefolium
Pluchea odorata
*Symphyotrichum
chilense
© Project SOUND
Extra points for locally native species (in green) and adult/larval (bold)
61. Include in your garden because of..
Attractive flowers Mar-Oct
Balsamic aroma
Tolerates any soil – well-
drained is best
Drought tolerance
Easy to grow
Highly attractive for
Bees
Butterflies
Other insects (beetles; other
unusual insects)
Birds (seeds)
62. CA Gum Plant: big
Erect herbaceous perennial to 4
ft tall by 5+ ft wide
Grows in clay or sandy soil:
Dry stream banks, washes
Rocky fields & plains
Sandy or alkali bottomlands
Along road sides
Grows where it gets full sun
Is stress deciduous – loses
leaves during dry periods
63. © Project SOUND
Do we have room for Big gum plant?
Salvias: S. leucophylla (2); S. clevelandii (3)
Eriogonum fasciculatum (?1)
Eriogonum cinerium
Lavender
Thyme
66. CA Encelia is a great habitat plant – and it
blooms early!
Flower petals (ray flowers)
Insects
Beetles
Butterfly larva: Monarch;
Metalmarks;
Ground squirrels
Nectar/pollen
Bees
Butterflies
Seeds
Birds (eat seeds)
Goldfinches
Sparrows
Small mammals (mice)
Spiders (eat insects)
Green lynx spider
67. © Project SOUND
* San Diego Sunflower – Viguiera laciniata
http://image57.webshots.com/157/1/52/8/2588152080044943617JdrPNe_fs.jpg
68. © Project SOUND
*Viguiera parishii – a desert species
Full sun
Very well-drained soils
Low water (Zone 1-2)
http://www.delange.org/Viguiera/Viguiera.htm
http://www.delange.org/Viguiera/Viguiera.htm
http://www.azhikinggallery.com/galleryintro.asp?galleryid=spurcrossranch_042107
70. Mojave and Sonoran Deserts
of CA, NV, AZ, northwestern
Mexico
Dry mesas, washes & rocky
slopes to 3500 ft.
Areas that get a little bit of
extra water
© Project SOUND
*Parish’s goldeneye – Viguiera parishii
http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-taxon=Bahiopsis+parishii
http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_IJM.pl?tid=82217
©2010 Lee Dittmann
http://www.laspilitas.com/nature-of-california/plants/viguiera-deltoidea-parishii
71. © Project SOUND
Parish’s goldeneye – rather Encelia-like
Size:
2-4 ft tall
2-4 ft wide
Growth form:
Half-woody (sub-shrub)
Overall shape mounded; many
branches
Fast-growing
Foliage:
Gray green; stiff hairs
Triangular shape; fairly small
(typical of desert shrubs)
Spicy sunflower fragrance
May be winter deciduous
Larval food for California Patch
(Chlosyne californica)©2010 Thomas Stoughton
72. © Project SOUND
Sunflower heads with yellow disk flowers
Blooms:
After rains from Feb-June
After summer monsoon (or
water) from Sept-Oct
Flowers:
In typical sunflower heads – 2
inches across
Disk flowers (center) are
primarily yellow
Pretty as only sunflowers can be
Seeds:
Small and hairy; birds love them
©2010 Thomas Stoughton
73. © Project SOUND
Plant Requirements Soils:
Texture: well drained- sand to clay
pH: any local
Light:
Full sun to very light shade
Water:
Winter: adequate
Summer: is drought tolerant
(Water Zone 1-2 or 2) but best if
given some water in August
(monsoon)
Fertilizer: none; likes poor soils
Other:
Cut back hard (to 6-8 inches; like
CA Encelia) in winter dormant
period
Inorganic or light organic mulch
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bahiopsis_parishii_3.jpg
74. © Project SOUND
Gardening with Parish’s goldeneye
As an attractive pot plant
Sunny slopes, rock gardens, desert-themed
gardens
For habitat value (attracts many pollinators),
fragrance and pretty flowers in mixed beds
Good on banks for erosion control
©2010 Neal Kramer
http://www.abdnha.org/pages/03flora/family/asteraceae/viguiera_parishii.htm
75. © Project SOUND
We’ve still got room for 4-5 ft. shrubs
Encelia californica; Viguiera parishii
Salvias: S. leucophylla (2); S. clevelandii (3)
Eriogonum fasciculatum (?1)
Eriogonum cinerium
Lavender
Thyme
76. Plenty of green foliage color…
Green
Rhamnus/Frangula
Salvia clevelandii
Ergiogonum fasciculatum
Thyme
Encelia californica
Viguiera parishii
Silver/white/gray
Salvia leucophylla
? Lavender (choose appropriate)
Eriogonum cinerium (Ashyleaf
buckwheat)
© Project SOUND
79. © Project SOUND
* Guadalupe Island Rock Daisy – Perityle incana
Endemic to Guadalupe Island, Baja CA
Southernmost extent of California
Floristic Province; similar to the
Channel Islands of California
At least 35 species endemic to island;
practically denuded by feral goats.
http://www.sdsharkdiving.com/images/GuadRte.jpg
http://www.people.carleton.edu/~mcass/Pangea/GIsland.JPG
80. © Project SOUND
The genus Perityle – the Rock Daisies
In Asteraceae (Sunflower family);
native to western North America.
Commonly known as Rock daisies
Highly variable genus, including
small herbs to spreading shrubs
Most have yellow or white ‘daisy’
flower heads.
The fruit is generally a flat seed
with thickened margins which may
or may not have a pappus or scales.
Perityle emoryi – annual
Other Perityles (Ca shrubby) from
Desert Mountains (chiefly the
White, Inyo Mountains)
Perityle emoryi
http://www.calflora.net/bloomingplants/rockdaisy.html
81. © Project SOUND
Somewhat similar to
Catalina Silverlace
Size:
2-3 ft tall
3-5+ ft wide
Growth form:
Half-woody (sub-shrub); woody
base
Mounded to irregular shape
Moderate growth rate
Foliage:
Silvery green (less white than
Catalina Silverlace); hairy
Leaves incised; open appearance –
very attractive
Frost tender
Catalina Silverlace
82. © Project SOUND
Flowers provide a life-friendly treat
Blooms: spring into summer; April
to July, intermittently
Flowers:
Small; in ‘heads’ somewhat like
Mule Fat (minimal/no ray
flowers)
Inflorescence above the
foliage – very attractive
Lovely gold-yellow color
Attract many insects:
pollinators, butterflies
Seeds:
Eaten by song birds
83. © Project SOUND
Drought tolerant
Soils:
Texture: best in sandy/rocky, but
does fine in clay
pH: any local
Light:
Full sun coast; some afternoon
shade in hot inland gardens
Water:
Winter: adequate; supplement if
needed
Summer: occasional water – likes
‘summer monsoon’ in Aug. (will
bloom after ‘rain’)
Fertilizer: none; likes poor soils
Other: Cut back to 4-6 inches above
wood after peak bloom for best
shape
http://www.sdnhm.org/research/guadalupe/p-perityle.html
84. © Project SOUND
Many ways to use
As a shrub in mixed beds with
Salvias, Eriogonum, Encelia
Nice against a dark wall or shrubs
Good habitat plant
Useful as groundcover, fill
Even works in a container
http://plantexplorer.longwoodgardens.org/weboi/oecgi2.exe/INET_ECM_DispPl?NAME
NUM=15062&DETAIL=1
http://www.nativegardeningla.com/shrubs/perityle.html
85. © Project SOUND
Consider foliage/flower contrast
?? Where to place the Perityle incana
Encelia californica; Viguiera parishii
Salvias: S. leucophylla (2); S. clevelandii (3)
Eriogonum fasciculatum (?1)
Eriogonum cinerium
Lavender
Thyme
86. We need some more fall bloomers
© Project SOUND
http://camissonia.blogspot.com/2010/09/treks-on-santa-rosa-plateau-august.html
87. We’ve got several choices among the Sunflowers
Width Early/Spring Summer Fall
5-6 ft
Grindelia camporum Hazardia/Isocoma
4-5 ft
Encelia californica
*Perityle incana
*Perityle incana
Solidago spp
*Viguiera parishii
Ericameria ericoides
*Ericameria nauseosa
Solidago spp
< 3 ft
filler
Lasthenia spp
Layia platyglossa
Achillea millefolium
Cirsium occidentale
Grindelia hirsutula
Helianthus annuus
Heterotheca grandiflora
Malacothrix saxatilis
Pseudognaphalium
canescens
*Symphyotrichum chilense
Achillea millefolium
Pluchea odorata
*Symphyotrichum
chilense
© Project SOUND
Extra points for locally native species (in green) and adult/larval (bold)
88. © Project SOUND
* Rubber Rabbitbush – Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa
(Chrysothamnus nauseosus)
© 2003 Michael Charters
89. © Project SOUND
Occurs in deserts & shrublands in much
of the west
In CA, in foothills from 3,000-8,000 ft
Favors sunny, open sites including
disturbed areas in chaparral, desert
foothills
Has been cultivated since 1886
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysothamnus_nauseosus
http://www.swcoloradowildflowers.com/Yellow%20Enlarged%20Photo
%20Pages/chrysothamnus%20nauseosus.htm
http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?Chrysothamnus+nauseosus
* Rubber Rabbitbush – Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa
(Chrysothamnus nauseosus)
90. © Project SOUND
Rabbitbush is a bush Sunflower
Size:
2-5 ft tall (usual); some
populations up to 10 ft tall
2-4 ft wide
Growth form:
Most commonly a mounded sub-
shrub
Many long branches from a woody
base
Foliage:
Narrow, aromatic leaves
May be medium green or more
blue-green
Overall has a feathery appearance
Roots: deep taproot with laterals© 2005 Christopher L. Christie
91. © Project SOUND
Blooms: early fall - usually
Aug-Sept. in western L.A. Co.
Flowers:
Small & golden yellow
In dense clusters – either
flat or more pyramidal
Extremely showy
Attract tons of weird &
wonderful insects
Seeds:
Fluffy appendages like
Goldenbush/Mock Heather
Wind disbursed
Must germinate that fall –
do not persist in seed bank
© 2003 Michael Charters
http://www.swcoloradowildflowers.com/Yellow%20Enlarged%20Photo%20Pages/chrysothamnus%20nauseosus.htm
Flowers are like Goldenbush
92. © Project SOUND
Easy to grow, reliable Soils:
Texture: just about any
pH: just about any, incl. alkali
Light: full sun
Water:
Winter: needs good winter/
spring rains; supplement in
dry years
Summer: looks best with
occasional water – Zones 1-2
or 2 are fine.
Fertilizer: none; likes poor soils.
But light fertilizer probably
wouldn’t hurt it.
Other: prune back heavily after
flowering – late fall
93. © Project SOUND
Garden uses for Rabbitbush
In a habitat garden – a real
winner
For fall color
As a tough plant for
commercial plantings,
parking strips, etc.
As an informal hedge
Good choice for erosion
control
As a smaller substitute for
the Goldenbushes
http://www.laspilitas.com/nature-of-california/plants/chrysothamnus-nauseosus
http://bugguide.net/node/view/40653/bgimage
94. © Project SOUND
We’re out of room for shrubs
Ericameria nauseosa; Perityle incana
Encelia californica; Viguiera parishii
Salvias: S. leucophylla (2); S. clevelandii (3)
Eriogonum fasciculatum (?1)
Eriogonum cinerium
Lavender
Thyme
95. Need some ‘fillers’ that increase habitat value
Adult food (nectar)
Sunflowers
Cirsium occidentale
Grindelia hirsutula
Helianthus annuus
Heterotheca grandiflora
Malacothrix saxatilis
Solidago species
*Symphyotrichum
chilense
Buckwheats
Several annual species
Larval food
Sunflowers
Cirsium occidentale (Painted Lady)
Pseudognaphalium canescens
(Ladies)
Mallows
*Sphaeralcea ambigua
© Project SOUND
98. © Project SOUND
Flowers remind one of
Hollyhocks
Blooms:
Spring is usual bloom season
(Mar-May), following rains
May bloom off and on
throughout year in garden
Flowers:
Showy mallow blooms along
the stems
Color- usually ‘apricot’
(another name is Apricot
Mallow), but differs with
variety
Nectar & pollen attract
butterflies, hummingbirds,
any other insects
http://farm1.static.flickr.com/149/430082786_0b30a88eee.jpg?v=0
99. © Project SOUND
Desert Mallow is
versatile in the garden
Lovely addition to mixed beds –
place appropriate for size
Excellent for water-wise
garden, particularly in
sandy/rocky soils; most
drought-tolerant Sphaeralcea
Good choice for containers
Great on dry slopes, hot
gardens; not for very foggy
areas
Larval food for Checkered
Skipper, Common Hairstreak
http://www.laspilitas.com/nature-of-california/plants/sphaeralcea-ambigua
http://www.bridgerlandaudubon.org/wildaboututah/090407xeri-garden.htm
100. © Project SOUND
Cultivar ‘Louis Hamilton’
Nice habitat plant –
and accent color
for spring/summer
http://www.calflora.net/losangelesarboretum/whatsbloomingmar07E.html
101. © Project SOUND
Can we fit in any more?
Malacothrix saxatilis; Sphaeralcea ambigua
Ericameria nauseosa; Perityle incana
Encelia californica; Viguiera parishii
Salvias: S. leucophylla (2); S. clevelandii (3)
Eriogonum fasciculatum (?1)
Eriogonum cinerium
Lavender
Thyme
102. Smaller perennial ‘fillers’ for habitat value
Adult food (nectar)
Annual wildflowers
Tidytips
Goldfields
Globe gilia
Cirsium occidentale (thistle)
Sub-shrubs/perennials
Achillea millefolium (Yarrow)
Asclepias spp (Milkweeds)
Eriogonum grande var.
rubescens
Lobelia dunnii var. serrata
Garden herbs/vegetables
Garlic Chives
Larval food
Annual wildflowers
Lupinus succulentus (Painted Lady,
West Coast Lady, Common Sulfur)
Cirsium occidentale (Painted Lady)
Sub-shrubs/perennials
Asclepias spp. (Monarch; Queen)
Garden herbs/vegetables
Parsley (Anise Swallowtail)
Borage (Painted Lady)
© Project SOUND
105. © Project SOUND
Island Buckwheat – Eriogonum grande
Channel Island endemic:
var. grande (Island Buckwheat)
Channel Islands; Santa Cruz,
Anacapa, Santa Catalina, San
Clemente Islands
Bluffs and cliffs, coastal sage scrub
and chaparral
var. rubescens (Red Buckwheat; San
Miguel Island Buckwheat )
n Channel Islands; San Miguel, Santa
Cruz, and Santa Rosa islands
Cliffs and bluffs, coastal grassland
and scrub communities
AKA: Eriogonum grande ssp.
rubescens; Eriogonum grande var.
dunklei; Eriogonum latifolium var.
rubescens; Eriogonum rubescens
http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-
bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?5936,5994,6063,6
064
var. rubescens
var. grande
106. © Project SOUND
Special features of Red Buckwheat
Size:
1-2 ft tall
2-4 ft wide
Growth form:
Low-growing, dense mounded form
Spreads slowly
Relatively short-lived – 3-5 years –
but re-seeds
Foliage:
Neat, spoon-shaped leaves in
rosettes; medium-large for
buckwheat
Attractive bright to gray-green
with wooly white backs
107. © Project SOUND
Red buckwheat: one of the showiest!
Blooms:
Primarily in summer
Any time from May to Aug – depends
a bit on moisture
Flowers:
On stalks 2-3 ft tall
Color range from medium to dark
pink; one of showiest CA natives
All the insects love it – good pollen
and nectar source!!!
Seeds:
Attracts seed-eating birds
Re-seeds well; naturalizes
Hybridizes with other buckwheats
Vegetative reproduction: mound slowly
increases in size
108. © Project SOUND
Plant Requirements Soils:
Texture: best in well-drained
soils; fine in dryish clay
pH: any local including alkali
Light:
Full sun near coast
May appreciate afternoon
shade in hot gardens
Water:
Winter: needs normal amount
Summer: little needed – Water
Zone 1-2 probably best; can kill
with too much in clay
Fertilizer: none; likes poor soils
Other: thin organic mulch, if any
http://santacruz.nrs.ucsb.edu/natural-resources/endemic-vascular-
plants/red-buckwheat
109. © Project SOUND
Garden uses for Red
Buckwheat
As an unusual accent plant
Super as a pot plant
Lovely massed; ground cover
Makes a pretty smaller border
plant
For a ‘silver’ (moonlight) garden
In a habitat/pollinator garden
In narrow beds & planters
Pair with dudleyas, salvias,
yarrow, Catalina Silverlace,
larger buckwheats
110. © Project SOUND
Management of smaller perennial
Buckwheats
In general, need very little
care, as long as they are
given proper soils and
watering
Prune lightly in fall to
stimulate next season’s
growth, but avoid cutting
deep into woody material
112. © Project SOUND
*Dunn’s Lobelia – Lobelia dunnii var. serrata
CA endemic; also in N. Baja
Found in Coastal and
Transverse ranges; locally in
Santa Monica and San Gabriel
Mountains
Found in mossy seeps, cliffs
and rocky stream banks
Moist canyons below 4500 ft,
coastal sage scrub, chaparral
http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?Lobelia+dunnii+var.+serrata
113. © Project SOUND
Characteristics of Dunn’s (Blue) Lobelia
Size:
to 1 ft tall
2+ ft wide; spreading
Growth form:
Herbaceous perennial
Winter dormant; usually dies
back entirely
Stems semi-woody;
reclining
Foliage:
Light green
Small leaves
http://www.calflora.net/bloomingplants/dunnslobelia.html
114. © Project SOUND
Flowers are fantastic
Blooms: summer; usually July-Aug.
in S. Bay; may last into Sept.
Flowers:
Lobelia-shaped
Bright blue to lavender-blue
1 inch size
On upright spike; open
sequentially
Long-blooming – at least 1
month with some water
Seeds: many little seeds; self-sows if
happy
Vegetative reproduction: can be
divided
http://www.laspilitas.com/plants/397.htm
115. © Project SOUND
Dunn’s Lobelia needs moist conditions for
optimal bloom… Soils:
Texture: any; prefers soil heavy in
organics (leaf mulch)
pH: 6.0-8.0
Light:
Full sun only in coolest gardens
Best flowering (and flower color) in
partial or filtered shade. Fine under
trees
Water:
Winter: tolerates winter flooding
Summer: like a moist soil; Zone 2-3 to
3, although quite drought tolerant
Fertilizer: use a leaf mulch
Other: quite problem-free© 1999 John Game
116. © Project SOUND
Garden uses for Blue Lobelia
In the butterfly garden –
nectar is irresistible for many
butterflies
Nice addition to bog garden,
pond edge - even in shallow
water ; Lovely with Juncus,
Mimulus, Goldenrods
Late season color for gardens,
hanging baskets, patio pots,
window boxes, planters
Shady-moist ground cover;
fine textured
http://www.laspilitas.com/plants/397.htm
118. © Project SOUND
Our shrubs & perennials are in place
Eriogonum grande var. rubescens; annuals
Malacothrix saxatilis; Sphaeralcea ambigua
Ericameria nauseosa; Perityle incana
Encelia californica; Viguiera parishii
Salvias: S. leucophylla (2); S. clevelandii (3)
Eriogonum fasciculatum (?1)
Eriogonum cinerium
Lavender
Thyme
119. Smaller ‘fillers’ that increase habitat value
Adult food (nectar)
Annual wildflowers
Tidytips
Goldfields
Phacelia spp
Globe gilia
Sub-shrubs/perennials
Achillea millefolium
Asclepias spp (Milkweeds)
Eriogonum grande var.
rubescens
Lobelia dunnii var. serrata
Garden herbs/vegetables
Garlic Chives
Larval food
Annual wildflowers
Lupinus succulentus (Painted Lady,
West Coast Lady, Common Sulfur)
Cirsium occidentale (Painted Lady)
Sub-shrubs/perennials
Asclepias spp. (Monarch; Queen)
Garden herbs/vegetables
Parsley (Anise Swallowtail)
Borage (Painted Lady)
© Project SOUND
122. © Project SOUND
White Everlasting is great
for an ‘Evening Garden’
Most people include this
species as a butterfly plant –
larval food for American Lady
Excellent choice for an
‘Evening Garden’ – looks nice
during the day but very
striking in low-light situations
Makes an attractive pot plant;
place where you can watch the
butterflies
American Lady larva
http://www.theodorepayne.org/plants/
plants_for_butterflies.htm
123. © Project SOUND
Cobwebby Thistle – Cirsium occidentale
http://www.ubcbotanicalgarden.org/potd/2006/01/cirsium_occidentale_var_occidentale.php
124. © Project SOUND
Garden uses for Cobwebby Thistle
As an attractive pot plant
In the annual wildflower garden, mixed beds
In the vegetable garden; stem may be eaten
raw or cooked
Great addition to the wildlife garden:
butterflies, bees, birds, hummingbirds, and
more!
Remember: plant where the
spiny leaves won’t be a hazard
125. © Project SOUND
Whew! I think we’re almost there
Eriogonum grande var. rubescens; annuals
Malacothrix saxatilis; Sphaeralcea ambigua
Ericameria nauseosa; Perityle incana
Encelia californica; Viguiera parishii
Salvias: S. leucophylla (2); S. clevelandii (3)
Eriogonum fasciculatum (?1)
Eriogonum cinerium
Lavender
Thyme
127. Final nectar plant list: impressive
Spring Summer Fall
Trees/Large
shrub
Amorpha californica
Rhamnus illicifolia
Smaller shrub
(4-6 ft)
Encelia californica
Perityle incana
Salvia leucophylla
Eriogonum cinereum
Eriogonum fasciculatum
Perityle incana
Salvia clevelandii
Viguiera parishii
Eriogonum cinereum
Ericameria nauseosa
Viguiera parishii
Other (fillers)
Annual wildflowers
Garlic Chives
Gilia capitata
Sphaeralcia ambigua
Asclepias fascicularis
Cirsium occidentalis
Eriogonum grande rubescens
Gilia capitata
Lavender
Lobelia dunnii var. serrata
Malacothrix saxatilis
Thyme
Sphaeralcia ambigua
© Project SOUND
128. We’ve provided larval food for ~ 20 species
Pale Swallowtail (Rhamnus illicifolia)
Anise Swallowtail (Parsley)
California Dogface (Amorpha californica)
Cabbage White (vegetable garden)
Common Checkered White (vegetable garden)
Gray Hairstreak (Amorpha spp.; Eriogonums ; Lupinus)
Marine Blue (Amorpha spp.; Eriogonum spp.; Lupinus)
Acmon Blue (Eriogonum spp.; Lupinus)
Mormon & Dusky Metalmarks (Encelia california; Eriogonum
fasciculatum)
Painted & American Ladies (Cirsium occidentalis; Lupinus
succulentus ; Pseudognaphalium spp.)
West Coast Lady (Lupinus succulentus; Borage)
Monarch & Queen (Asclepias spp.)
Skippers (grass)
© Project SOUND
130. We’ve met our goals
Relaxed, natural appearance
Small size
Native plants
Butterflies & other pollinators
visit
Some color – but natural – not like
Disneyland
Sunny
Easy access
Seating that makes it easy to
enjoy the plants/pollinators
A Life-friendly garden
© Project SOUND