ENBE | Final Project | The Future Floating City

Content:
1. Introduction--------------------------------------------------------------------------3
2. A City-------------------------------------------------------------------------------4-6
3. Investigation & Data Collection: The Ancient ciy -----------------------------------6-10
4. Investigation & Data Collection: The present city/cities-------------------------11-13
5. Investigation & Data Collection: The future city/cities ---------------------------14-18
6. The “X” City-------------------------------------------------------------------------19
7. The New “X” City / The Preciux------------------------------------------------------------20-21
8. The Process and Progress -------------------------------------------------------------------22-31
9. The Conclusion -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32
10. References list----------------------------------------------------------------------33
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1.Introduction
This is the final project for the elements of Natural Build Environment. The title of the
project is “The Future City Representation”. The future city representation is about
proposing a future city. When proposing the future city there are something important
that must consider which is sustainability, efficiency, food supply, energy supply etc.
The future city that we purpose must refer to the ancient city, present city, and future
concept city. The things that have to look into from those cities are people, geometric
shape, zoning, and the history, those elements that can helps to proposing the city.
The City
What is city?
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City is a large and permanent settlement. Cities normally have complex system for
sanitation, utilities, Land usage, housing, and transportation. Cities usually have a high
concentration population, facilities, and develop the interaction between people and
businesses. City is support by the technology, communications, and knowledge economy.
A city has to have a stationary population that does not migrate, larger than a town
and has infrastructure, not a set number of people that distinguishes a city from a town, high
concentration of people or a large population typically governed by one governmental entity.
What makes a good city
A good city must have suitable population, density, good zoning, good access system,
convenience, and environmental friendly.
a) Suitable population – the number of population of a good city must not be too large or too
small.
b) Density – the density of a city depend on the number of population of the city the higher
the density the lower the space for each people.
c) Zoning - A good zoning can effect on the management of the properties and the
suitability for people to live in that particular area.
d) Access – Walk able streets and public transport.
e) Convenience – Including all the services provided such as waste management system,
clean water provide, transport system, and electricity supply.
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f) Environmental friendly – such eco friendly materials for buildings and waste managing
which included three R ( Recycle, Reuse, and Reduce)
What is future city
1. Environmental value – low carbon, waste management, water and atmosphere and
biodiversity.
2. Economic value – Stable employment and income, more urbanization, new business,
knowledge society and tourism.
3. Social value – Health care, Local medical services, nursing, security, culture, social
solidarity, social capital.
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Ancient Cities
Tenochtitlan
Tenochtitlan was an Aztec city that was arranged in a slightly different manor than
other Aztec cities (Smith 186). It was an urban island settlement that housed 200,000
inhabitants at its height ( Carrasco 67). It was one of the largest cities in the world at
the time of the Spanish conquest. The two largest cities in the world at this time were
Paris and Constantinople with 300,000 people.
- Tenochtitlan located on an island in Lake Texcoco, in the Valley of Mexico.
- Founded in 1325
- Capital of expanding Mexica Empire in the 15th
centry.
- Until captured by the Spanish in 1521.
- Largest city in the Pre-Columbian Americans
- Today the ruins of Tenochtitlan are located in the central part of Mexico city
History of Tenochititlan
 Nine Aztec emperors ruled from Tenochtitlán, including Acamapichtli, the founder of
the Aztec imperial dynasty, and Itzcoatl, who allied Tenochtitlán with Texcoco and
Tlacopan.
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 Montezuma I is credited with improving the administrative and judicial systems at
Tenochtitlán and overseeing many architectural projects.
 In 1487, the emperor Ahuitzotl consecrated Tenochtitlán's Great Temple with tens of
thousands of human sacrifices. His successful military campaigns brought in vast
quantities of tribute to the capital, and it developed rapidly during his rule.
 Among Ahuitzotl's additions to the city was its much-needed second aqueduct to
accommodate the growing population.
The Zoning of the city and the city plan
City Plan
- City was divided into 4 zones/ campan
- Eaxh zone / campan was divided on 20 districts (calpullis)
- Each calpulli was crossed by streets or tlaxilcalli
- 3 main streets that crossed the city.
- Each main street leading to one of the three causeways to the mainland.
- The calpullis/districts were divided by channels used for transportation, with wood
bridges that were removed at night.
Marketplaces
- Each calpulli/district had its own tiyanquiati (marketplace)
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- There was also a main marketplace in Tlatelolco – Tenochititlan’s sister city.
Tlatelolco have a twice the size of the city of seville, with about 60,000 people trading
daily. 20,000 on ordinary days and 40,000 on feast days.
- There were also specialized markets in the other control Mexican cities.
Public buildings
- Located in the center of the city.
- Such as temples, public buildings, schools.
- Inside a walled square, 300 meters to a side was the ceremonial center.
- There were about 45 public buildings including : Temple Mayor, The temple of
Quetzalcoati, the tlachtli ( ball game court), the tzompantli or rack of skulls, the
temple of the sun, the platforms for the gladiatorial sacrifice, and some minor temples,
place of Moctezuma.
What make Tenochtitlan a successful city
The Tenochtitlan had a great symmetry
- All constructions had to be approved by the calmimilocati, a functionary in charge of
the city planning.
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- The zoning of the city was clearly divided, each zone functioning well and have inter
relationship between each other.
- The road system is highly efficient.
- The technology
- The geometric of the city and the location of the city is in the strategic position.
- The entire city of Tenochtitlan was divided into five quadrants, included center one.
Canals divided the city in the four cardinal directions. The central plaza was not the
only administrative and religious center in Tenochtitlan. In the center of each of the
four surrounding quadrants there was also a central plaza (Smith 197). The incas also
chose to organize their city layout along gridlines in their early empire.
Element that can use to new future city
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The well organized of the city plan, which consists of single nuclear theory and multi
nuclear theory.
Single nuclear theory
- Urban land use in which city expand and grow from Central Point. ( The location of
the public places of the Tenochtitlan such as temples.)
- Center being the nuclear is the major part of the city. (The center part of Tenochtitlan
consists of the important building such as temple of mayor, Places of Montezuma II.
- The major complexes formed the centre of the city and other parts of city originate
from the centre of the nucleus.
Multi nuclear theory
- Several independent points rather than form one central business district. (The
marketplaces of Tenchtitlan and the zoning / campan.)
- Each point acts as growth center from a particular kind of land use, such as industry,
retail or high-quality housing.
- Merge to form a single urban area.
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Reflection
In conclusion, the city is well planned by having the agency to control and
manage the land properties and zoning. A great city must have the great system to
separate or arrange the different zone such as industries area and residential area.
Besides, when draw a zoning for a city the things that must be consider is the
environment, location, people and their activities. By having all the above mention a
city would probably be a great city.
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Present Cities
The floating island ( Sebit Dungdungseom)
 Seoul’s man-made islands differ from those common to Dubai, which are
constructed by building up sand on the ocean floor. Viva, and its satellite
islands, instead float, and are buoyant on the river’s surface. Should there be
a flood, the islands while rise and fall with the water levels, rather than be
flooded over. A high tech tracking system will alert a controller should the
islands float too far from their home site, due to changing water levels.
 Supported by 24 giant airbags, Viva weighs in at 2,000 tons, but can support
building facilities up to 6,400 tons. The island will be harnessed by chains to a
500 ton concrete block to keep it in place. The three story building which
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holds all facilities is covered with 54 square meters of solar panels, which
produced 6 kilowatts of energy each day, providing the facilities below with
electricity, and also illuminating the facades at night.
 The $83.9 million dollar government project includes the 35,000 square foot
Viva, 15,000 square foot Vista and nearly 4,000 square foot Tera. Combined,
they will host international conventions, water sports events, restaurants,
cultural performances and exhibitions. All three islands should be open by late
August 2011.
Reflection
The Sebit Dungdungseom is not a city but it is a floating building that already exist in
the world. The structure of the floating island is so unique that it is using buoyancy to float on
water with help of the 24 giant air bags that are attached on the bottom of the island instead
of using the seasteading. This proved that building a floating city is not impossible.
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Tokyo (Japan)
Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest
metropolitan area in the world.Tokyo Metropolis was formed in 1943 from the merger of the
former Tokyo Prefecture and the city of Tokyo .The population of the special wards is over 9
million people, with the total population of the prefecture exceeding 13 million.The city hosts
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51 of the Fortune Global 500 companies, the highest number of any cityBuilding structure of
the city are made at a way that building won’t collapse with low level earthquake occur.
The interior design of the building in the city is being designed that the building can be
maximize with a limited area of the land is provided.
Reflection
Tokyo can be used as a reference for the building structure of the floating island. The
technology implemented on the building so that the building will not collapse easy since the
island is floating on water and with a slight of vibration in the water will cause the island to
shake. As for the interior design of the building, it can be used to build the building for the
island. This is because even though Tokyo is not big, it can still be populated by over 13
million people. With this, the island can populated with more people with a small land.
Future Cities
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Lilypad floating future city
The Lilypad, by Vincent Callebaut, is a concept for a completely self-sufficient
floating city intended to provide shelter for future climate change refugees.
Water purification system - With a shape inspired by the highly ribbed leaf of
Victoria water lilies, the double skin of the floating “ecopolis” would be made of
polyester fibers covered by a layer of titanium dioxide (TiO2), which would react
with ultraviolet rays and absorb atmospheric pollution via a photocatalytic effect in
the same way as the air-purifying concrete and paving stones we looked at last year.
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Floating system - Artificial lagoon that is totally immersed below the water line to
act as ballast for the city.
Energy supply – Using renewable energy such as solar, thermal, wind, tidal and
biomass.
Function - work, shopping and entertainment, respectively, while suspended gardens
and aquaculture farms located below the water line would be used to grow food and
biomass.
Reflection
In conclusion Lilypad city is a concept future city build up through high tech and
conduct all the needs for people to living on it. The Lilypad city not only benefit the
people living on it but also benefit the environment by purified the water. A good city
must be environmental friendly at the same time it also keeps sustain the glowing of
the city.
Element that can use to new future city
The technology helps to sustain the city.
a) water purification system
b) floating system
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c) energy supply
d) function of the city.
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The Venus Project
The Venus Project is an organization started by self-educated structural engineer, industrial
designer, and futurist Jacque Fresco. Fresco's project aims to restructure society through
worldwide utilization of a theoretical design that he calls a resource-based economy. Those
ideas use a version of sustainable cities, energy efficiency, natural resource management and
advanced automation with a global socio-economic system based on social
cooperation and scientific methodology.
History
The Venus Project started 1980 by Jacque Fresco and by former portrait artist
Roxanne Meadows in Venus, Florida, United States.
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a) The shape of the city
b) Technology
c) The city system
d) Building structure
The shape and arrangement of the city – The circle shape make it easy to operate using
any forest system than other system, can always return to the same place, if linear city will
need to back track when go to one end. The circle skim by far is the most efficient, it is also
benefits the transport system.
The technology – The high-technology which ensure continue sustain of the city and helps
to maintain a high quality life of the people the Cybernation link with the automated systems
and eventually coordinate all of the machinery and equipment that serve the entire city.
The city system - Require less energy to build new, efficient cities than to attempt to update
and solve the problems of the old ones, operate with the minimum expenditure of energy
using the cleanest technology available, which will be in harmony with nature to obtain the
highest possible standard of living for everyone.
Building Construction technology – automated construction system which allow shorten the
duration of construction and ensure the safety of the people.
Reflection
In conclusion, the Venus Project advocates an alternative vision for a sustainable new
world civilization unlike any socio-economic system that has gone before. It calls for a
straightforward redesign of a culture, in which the age-old inadequacies of war, poverty,
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hunger, debt, and unnecessary human suffering are viewed not only as avoidable, but totally
unacceptable.
The “X” City
The X city is founded in year 2013 located in the lowest point in Malaysia. The people live
there for at least. The people in the X city live happily, harmony and peacefully within
40km2 area until they announced by the mayor of the city. The city well be swallow by the
sea water and totally submerged under the sea level in year 2033. There are different races
live together in the X city the three main races in the city is Malays, Chinese, and Indian.
Each race have their own religious and cultures. The population of the city is about 150,000
to 200,000.
Conclusion
The people in the X city are facing the rising of the sea level which will happen in the 30
years later, they must find out a solution. Now the X city started to plan the solution either to
enhance the X city or to try to create a new X city which is a sustainable and suitable for the
people to live in.
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The New X city - Preciux
The city that I have chosen to represent is a floating city, the purpose of choosing
floating city is because the rising of the sea level. The sea level rising cause many
cities submerged bellow the sea water including the X city. So I came out the idea of
create a new X city which is floating on the surface of the sea. The new name of the X
city is called “Preciux”. The name “Preciux “came from French language mean
precious, the name highlighted the value of the city.
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I choose to propose The Preciux a floating city on the water because there is no more
land to build a new city because land is submerged below the sea level. Besides, the
city can get to use all the natural sources such as sea, air, sun light and etc easily
because the city is located in between the sea level.
Moreover, the city is movable unlike the city on the land or underground.
Shape of the city
The shape of the “Preciux” is a octagon shape because the angel of the octagon can
repel the waves. The circular shape of the inner city arrangement make it easy to
operate efficiently and allow to return to the same place, if it was a linear city, need to
back track when go to the end. The circular skim by far is the most efficient shape for
the city.
City central
The city central is a skyscraper, the height of the building is 1000m which nearly is
one and the four of the city radius. It is a multi-propose building the lower part of the
building is a central of the transport terminal, the middle part of the tower is a Center
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Business District and the upper part is for the center city control which controls and
observe the operation of the city.
Entrance port
There are the entrance port for the ship which located at the four side of the octagon
shape of the city. The four tower that located at the four side of the city which directly
link to the center point of the city by the double track bridge. Another function of the
tower is for the defend system.
Conclusion
The new X city “Preciux” will solve the problem of the people in the X city. The
Preciux combine the technology and the people and provide the all the needs for the
people live on it. Besides, the city is also covered with the greenery area which can
balance the life style and pull closer the relationship between the people and the
environment.
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The Process & Progress
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Conclusion
In conclusion, through this project I have learned how to describe the different
characteristics of the natural and built environment by research on the city landscape, space,
building and infrastructure. Besides, I have learned how to compare the different
development of the city through research on the ancient, present, and future cities. Moreover,
for a good city the zoning and the separation between the different area is very important.
Lastly, I need to thanks my lecturer Ms Deliya, Miss Normah, and Mr Wan for giving me this
chance to learning about the city.
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Reference Links
www.weather.com
www.worldurbanforum.org
http://inhabitat.com/nyc/could-new-york-city-fall-victim-to-rising-sea-levels/
www.theurbanvision.com
http://answers.ask.com/Science/Other/what_makes_a_city
http://www.shimz.co.jp/english/theme/dream/greenfloat.html
http://home.tudelft.nl/fileadmin/UD/MenC/Support/Internet/TU_Website/TU_Delft_portal/Actueel
/Dossiers/Archief/Dossier_Drijvende_Stad/Downloads/Publicaties/doc/DeltaSync_04__Rhine_Delta
_.pdf
http://www.marinij.com/sausalito/ci_22568845/residents-oppose-high-density-zoning-affordable-
housing
http://inhabitat.com/lilypad-floating-cities-in-the-age-of-global-warming/
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http://www.gizmag.com/lilypad-floating-city-concept/17697/
http://archinect.com/features/article/76244/showcase-lilypad-a-floating-ecopolis-for-ecological-
refugees
www.thevenusproject.com
http://www.mixmeetings.com/past-issues/2011/december-2011-january-2012/centre-stage/river-
blossoms
http://gizmodo.com/5903992/giant-airbags-will-be-used-to-float-the-costa-concordia-back-to-port
http://www.riversideca.gov/planning/zoning.asp
http://secondcityzoning.org/about
http://webecoist.momtastic.com/2009/04/27/12-fantastic-floating-cities-and-artificial-islands/
http://motherboard.vice.com/blog/the-first-truly-floating-city-will-be-made-of-wood
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