World Politics Final presentation: UN - Success & Scandals

1. UNITED NATIONS
Subject: Politics
Lecturer: Gary Giss

2. Group’s members
• Đặng Kim Hiếu - 1258020
• Trần Quang Khôi - 1258027
• Đào Ngọc Lan Đài - 1258007
• Nguyễn Trọng Tấn- 1258068
• Nguyễn Thị Trà My- 1258034

3. Outline
• Introduction
• What they do
• UN Failures & Scandals
• Conclusion

4. INTRODUCTION

5. United Nations Headquarters in New York City

6. LOGO

7. Flag

8. Background and creation of UN
• The name "United Nations" coined by United States
President Franklin D. Roosevelt
• The forerunner of the United Nations was the League of
Nations (1919 - under the Treaty of Versailles)
• The United Nations – 24 October 1945

10. General Assembly
• May resolve non-compulsory recommendations to states or suggestions
to the Security Council (UNSC)
• Decides on the admission of new members
• Adopts the budget
• Elects:
• the non-permanent members of the UNSC
• all members of ECOSOC
• the UN Secretary General (following his/her proposal by the UNSC)
• the 15 judges of the International Court of Justice (ICJ)
• Each country has one vote.

11. Security Council
• Responsible for the
maintenance of
international peace and
security
• May adopt compulsory
resolutions
• Has 15 members:
• 5 permanent members with
veto power
• 10 elected members

12. Secretariat
Supports the other UN bodies
administratively
Its chairperson – the UN Secretary
General – is elected by the General
Assembly for a five-year mandate and
is the UN's foremost representative
Ban Ki-moon

13. Economic and Social Council
• Responsible for co-operation between states as regards economic
and social matters
• Coordinates co-operation between the UN's numerous specialized
agencies
• Has 54 members, elected by the General Assembly to serve three-
year mandates.

14. Trusteeship Council
• Was originally designed to manage colonial possessions
that were former League of Nations mandates
• Has been inactive since 1994, when Palau, the last trust
territory, attained independence

15. International Court of Justice
• Decides disputes between
states that recognize its
jurisdiction
• Issues legal opinions
• Renders judgement by
relative majority
• 15 judges are elected by
the UN General Assembly
for nine-year terms

16. Specialized agencies

17. WHAT THEY DO

18. Objectives
• Human Rights
• Maintain International Peace and Security
• Justice and International Law

19. Human Rights
• One of the UN's primary purposes is "promoting and
encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental
freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex,
language, or religion", and member states pledge to
undertake "joint and separate action" to protect these
rights.

20. Human Rights
Universal
Declaration of
Human Rights
1948
Convention on
the Elimination
of All Forms of
Discrimination
against Women
1979
the General
Assembly
adopted the
Convention on
the Rights of
the Childs
1989 2006
Declaration
on the
Rights of
Indigenous
Peoples
2011
first
resolution
recognizin
g the
Rights of
LGBT
Peoples
1993
The United
Commission on
Human Rights
was formed

21. Human Rights
Human
Rights
High
Commissioner
for Human
Rights
Human Rights
Council
Human Rights
Treaty Bodies
Special
Procedures
UNDG-HRM
Special
Adviser on the
Prevention of
Genocide

22. CEDAW
• 19th Amendment which granted women the right to vote
• Working conditions and wages were better for women
• Women had more job opportunities
• Women could be in politics
• Birth control
• Better lives for women

23. UNICEF
Child
protection
and social
inclusion
Child
survival
Education
Gender
quality
UNICEF

24. UNITED NATIONS
PEACEKEEPING

25. Process and structure

26. Formation
• Cost:
• In 2004 was $2.8 billion.
• In 2006, UN peacekeeping costs were about 5.03 billion.
• In 2014 was 7.41 billion.

27. UN Structure

28. Peacekeeping Participation

29. Since 1991

30. Now

31. Current deployment

32. Justice and International Law
“ Establishing respect for the rule of law is fundamental to
achieving a durable peace in the aftermath of conflict, to
the effective protection of human rights, and to sustained
economic progress and development “

33. International Criminal Court

34. UN FAILURES &
SCANDALS

36. Rwanda

37. Rwanda

38. Rwanda

39. Darfur

40. Darfur

41. Darfur

42. Darfur

43. Libya

44. Libya

45. Libya

46. Libya

47. UN SCANDALS

48. Veto Power

49. Five permanent nations

50. • The five permanent members
enjoy the luxury of veto power
• The Council resolution cannot be
adopted when a permanent
member vetoes a vote.

51. • On July 19th, 2012, The Security Council
attempted to evoke chapter VII sanctions from
the United Nations Charter
• But China and Russia vetoed

52. • 60,000 civilians have been killed
• Thousands more displaced.

53. Child Sex Abuse Scandal

54. • Many nations plead for support from the
United Nations
• The blue helmets of UN peacekeepers
represent stability and safety.

55. • In the 1990s, peacekeeping
forces saw a rapid rise in child
prostitution.
• Senior officials in the United
Nations refused to condemn the
peacekeepers

56. Sri Lanka

58. • The fighting forced 196,000 people
to flee, and trapped over 50,000
civilians.
• the United Nations made no
attempts to intervene on behalf of
the civilian population
• From January to April of 2009, over
6,500 civilians were killed in this so-
called “safe-zone”

59. Nuclear Proliferation

60. Terrorism

61. • These terrorist acts continued throughout the remainder of the twentieth
century, with no reaction from the UN

62. The 9/11 terrorist attacks,

63. • UN finally took action, outlawing
terrorism and punishing those
responsible for the attacks.
• But it only applied only to Al
Qaeda and the Taliban.

64. CONCLUSION

65. Conclusion

66. THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING