Smoking is strongly linked to worse asthma outcomes. Exposure to secondhand smoke can cause or exacerbate asthma in both children and adults. Smoking cigarettes leads to higher levels of nicotine and chemicals in the smoke, increasing health risks. The evidence that secondhand smoke causes cancer and other diseases in nonsmokers is conclusive according to leading health organizations.

1. Asthma and Smoking John King, M. D. March 27, 2007

29. Asthma and Smoking A nnual Consumption Cigarettes Per capita in U.S. in Persons 15 Years and Older

30. Asthma and Smoking Relationship of Smoking and Lung Cancer by Alton Ochsner, M. D. The American Surgeon Vol. 21, 1955

31. Asthma and Smoking Relationship of Smoking and Lung Cancer by Alton Ochsner, M. D. The American Surgeon Vol. 21, 1955

32. Asthma and Smoking Death From Cancer of Lung in White Males In U.S. Relationship of Smoking and Lung Cancer by Alton Ochsner, M. D. The American Surgeon Vol. 21, 1955 411% Increase