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University of Nebraska - Lincoln
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Faculty Publications, Department of Child, Youth,
and Family Studies
Child, Youth, and Family Studies, Department of
3-1-2002
Three Approaches from Europe: Waldorf,
Montessori, and Reggio Emilia
Carolyn P. Edwards
University of Nebraska - Lincoln, cedwards1@unl.edu
Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/famconfacpub
Part of the Family, Life Course, and Society Commons
This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Child, Youth, and Family Studies, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of
Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications, Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies by an authorized
administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln.
Edwards, Carolyn P., "Three Approaches from Europe: Waldorf, Montessori, and Reggio Emilia" (2002). Faculty Publications,
Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies. Paper 2.
http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/famconfacpub/2
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THREE APPROACHES FROM EUROPE

  • 1. University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications, Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies Child, Youth, and Family Studies, Department of 3-1-2002 Three Approaches from Europe: Waldorf, Montessori, and Reggio Emilia Carolyn P. Edwards University of Nebraska - Lincoln, cedwards1@unl.edu Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/famconfacpub Part of the Family, Life Course, and Society Commons This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Child, Youth, and Family Studies, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications, Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Edwards, Carolyn P., "Three Approaches from Europe: Waldorf, Montessori, and Reggio Emilia" (2002). Faculty Publications, Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies. Paper 2. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/famconfacpub/2
  • 2. * ! " # $ " % ! & % " # & ' & " " ( & ) % " % & # " " & " & * & + % ' " , & - " . /00/ & 1 & 23 4 ,, & & ,5& 6/00/ & / ( # & " & ) " %# % & & " # 7 " & " & ' " 8 * ( # " , 9 % :; /000<8 # & = " ' ' & . % # # > " " " & % " % #
  • 3. ? & @ # 9A" A 9 & ' & " " ( % & . # & " . :2BC2% 2D/E< # # & * ' A A :A# " A FG ( 2DD0H<& ) 2D2D # ) . " % . ; & # " " > & ) " :" " < " # : ' < : < ' : % <& F + ! 9C,/I,0E . " & :# < 1 &H ! : !< : ,, & & <& " % :@ 2DD23 = 2DDD<& B00 10 210 . ! : .! <& @ " $ ! : ,, &" " & ,< .! " 10 % " .! & " ,, & & ,, & " & % " " & 20 . % . / : ,, &" " & ,<& :2BI0%2DE/< " ) + & % # " @ " : + * < 2D0I 1 I > & * J ) & ) . " " % 2D20 2D/0 " : K % ! /000<& L ) & ) 2DE0 ! " :$ 2DD/<& " " E 000 A A
  •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
  • 5. I . " " : ,, & &% & ,<& " % & . " " " " # :. 2DDE<& * % " % 9 # & @ I # :. ( 2DDC<& ) A #A % & " ' : < & = % " ' # # # " " # # & " & & A A " B # & J I 21 " %# ' % A A :J 2DDE<& 7 " " ' " # & ' & J ' " " ! 7 ' & % " " # & ) ' % ' % & # 3 : <3 3 % 3 3 3 & = " " & L " " ' "> ( & ) G%2/ " A O % A :* . 2DDC<& + # %
  • 6. D (( . ) & . " + % & . '% # & # #% #& ) % % & @ ? A " " A ? C A " " A : K % ! 2DDE<& ) " # ' : " < :; 2DDD<& L % :" ?< : ? C< & 7 % :* 2DDB<& % 3 " ,, & % & , & F + :B%/?%0E< ,, & % & H& ) " " & ( " 7 & ( % 20 " C A A & % % & J C 2/ ' ' " ' # & J 2/ 2B " ' % " # > & $ (( + # L O # @ & J (( > + & * % " & * A " A # + % : (( 2DD?<& " A A : /002 & E2<& # " ' & " A A : ' <9 % " 9 % ' " & +
  • 7. 22 3 % & " 7 & " % & % ( & $ % % > " # % ' " %" & % C & * . # : % > # " , <& O + :/002< : ,, & &% , , , N N2& < : .& & & & &<& ) ' $+ J " ,, & & : # <& " & " % & 2/ & * % & :2DD2< # A A " + ' & = 3 & % ' & # " & " # :L 2DDB<& : % < # :. ( 2DDC<& ' " " ,, &% ! & , '& & # + " " & & ) # # " " :. ( 2DDC<&
  • 8. 2? ! % % & @ " # " " % , ( := 2DDD<& + & ) # :; 2DDD<& L " + & " + 7 & # : ,, & % & ! + <& @ # 7 & @ # " E C : ,, & & <& % 21 " & % # % " " : " <& ! " : 2DDB<& @ " , % : /002"<& # " " % & % # ' % " & ( % " % # ' ' " % " & : < " # " : > P K ) /002<& + 9 A A A &A :J A > A ,, & & , , ,% , & F + :22%2?%0?< $ &< : A " A < ' 7 : K
  •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
  • 10. 2I : ,, & 7& <& % # 7 7 7 > " & ( & " " & " % " ' " # ( A # A " & * # & # # % % 7 " ' & " 7 :L " K 2DDD<& ! 7 7 " 7 & " % # 2B ( 7 # ' " & 2 - + # ! " # ) ! R . 2?1CC& ' % % . ! % Q * G % # & ) # " & ) " # L " ; L "" $ G $ G ( $ & . ! L % & : & &<& # $ J = # . ! " & @ * & :2DD2<& $ & # %&:/< E/%E1& R 1?/ IB1& : " ,, & & , % & <
  •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
  •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
  •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