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Computers in medicine and biology
- 1. Computers in medicine and biology Authors: Mulco Dan Filat Iustin Lyceum “Orizont” Durlesti, Moldova September 2013
- 2. I. History of computers II. Computers in medicine 1. X- rays and CT scans 2. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) 3. Patient Monitoring 4. Surgery 5. Diagnostic Databases III. Computers in biology 1. Illustration and simulatinons 2. Research Outline
- 3. First electronic computer was named ENIAC Intel introduced the first miniprocessor IBM introduced the first PC The first microcomputer was called Altair History of computers
- 4. Researchers discover Test medical tehniques Apply medical tehniques Provides an infrastructure Share ideas globally Computers in medicine http://cim.ucdavis.edu/clubs/cim/CIMlogoS.GIF
- 5. Use radiation to produce images Viewing of the internal structure Two-dimensional images Precisely reconstruct the internal structure X-rays and CT scans http://www.zreyastechnology.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/100mA-X- ray-machine-combined-with-single-position-table1.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/US_Navy_030819-N-9593R- 125_Hospital_Corpsman_2nd_Class_Roy_Puerto,_right,_of_Olangapo_City,_Philippines,_de monstrates_the_operation_of_the_CT_Scan_machine.jpg
- 6. Uses powerful magnetic fields Maps the patient's internal structure Produces detailed images of soft tissuie in the body Does not use radiation Magnetic Resonance Imaging http://www.magnet.fsu.edu/education/tutorial s/magnetacademy/mri/images/mri-scanner.jpg
- 7. Use vital statistics monitoring software Recordes blood pressure, pules and oxygen levels Notify the staff out of acceptable ranges Patient Monitoring http://www.hpcimedia.com/images/websi te/BBHC/DIR_1/F_13447.jpg
- 8. Computerized robotics Perfoeme surgery without being in the room Video networking Observed by students Surgery http://robotics.case.edu/ICRA2010/slides/Abbee l_Surgical_Robots.jpg
- 9. Stores diagnostic information Makes the information searchable Instaantly avilable everywhere Reviewe journals Diagnostic Databases http://www.bksv.com/~/media/Product%20Pictures/PULSEAnalyzer Hardware/PULSE/Machine%20Diagnostics%20Toolbox.ashx?mh=60 0&mw=600&bc=white
- 10. Visula simulations and illustrations Helps to understand biological concepts Reasearch Computers in biology http://www.ship.edu/uploadedImages /Ship/ITS/TechFee/N03-07-01.jpg http://scitechdaily.com /images/Biological- Transistor-Enables- Computing-Within- Living-Cells.jpg
- 11. Experiental activities View simulations Look at animations YouTube Illustrations and simulations http://www.zeitnews.org/sites/default/files/imagecache /body_image/users/18/article_top_body_images/how- computers-push-molecules-they-simulate- 1357257805.jpg
- 14. Thank you!
Notes de l'éditeur
- As computers have become mainstream appliances, they have found their way into virtually all aspects of human endeavors and medicine is no exception. Computers help physicians and medical researchers discover, test and apply medical techniques in virtually every hospital in the world. Furthermore, computer technology provides an infrastructure to allow for medical ideas and knowledge to be filed and shared globally with other medical professionals.
- X-rays and CT scans use radiation to produce images of a patient's internal structure to search for abnormalities. X-rays allow for viewing of the internal structure of the patient from one perspective. CT scanning on the other hand uses computer technology to take several X-ray images that are two-dimensional cross-sections and turn them into a multidimensional picture that doctors use to make a diagnosis. These single X-rays are combined using computer programs that precisely reconstruct the internal structure of the patient.
- Magnetic Resonance Imagining, more commonly known as MRI, is the process of using powerful magnetic fields to map the patient's internal structure and activity. According to Radiologyinfo.org, MRI is used to produce detailed images of soft tissue in the body without using radiation.
- Patients admitted to a hospital are connected to machines that use vital statistics monitoring software to record blood pressure, pulse, and oxygen levels. These computers monitor a patient and are programmed to notify the staff in the event any of these statistics move outside of acceptable ranges.
- Computerized robotics allow doctors to perform surgery on patients without even being in the same room. These computer-controlled surgeries allow doctors to save the lives of patients many miles away which may not have been possible otherwise. Video networking and real-time vital statistics monitoring allow for safe, precise surgeries that are observed by on-staff doctors or students.
- Medicine encompasses a vast field of knowledge that is expanding every day. Computer databases allow doctors to store diagnostic information and make that information searchable. This allows medical information from previous cases and peer-reviewed journals to be instantly available to medical professionals at any time and place.
- If you are teaching a high school biology class, computers can prove advantageous when it comes to covering the curriculum. They offer visual simulations and illustrations that help students understand complicated biological concepts. More so, computers help prepare scholars who will be pursuing post-secondary education as they are tools used for research, data analysis and report publishing.
- Biology consists of a great deal of information, including many systematic processes and much vocabulary to memorize. Experiential activities, like lab experiments, are an excellent way for students to review and then retain curriculum. Luckily, students can use the computer to view simulations or diagrams of complicated processes on websites or even YouTube videos. They can look at animations such as meiosis and mitosis, DNA replication, the direction blood flows in the heart and the process of digestion in a cow.
- It is important that students learn how to properly research reliable sources. Students today look to references beyond only academic journals and books. When assigning a research paper on genetic diseases, cloning or endangered species, take the time to show students how to find reliable sources of information online. Many academic and scientific sites on the Internet are rich in biology subject matter, offering students the opportunity both to learn and to learn how to access information.