Global Studies 2013-14

1. Ms. Susan M. PojerMs. Susan M. Pojer
Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NYHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
Ms. Susan M. PojerMs. Susan M. Pojer
Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NYHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

2. Theories on prehistory and earlyTheories on prehistory and early
man constantly change as newman constantly change as new
evidence comes to light.evidence comes to light.
- Louis Leakey, British- Louis Leakey, British
paleoanthropologistpaleoanthropologist

4. 1. 4,000,000 BCE – 1,000,000 BCE1. 4,000,000 BCE – 1,000,000 BCE
2. 1,500,000 BCE -- 250,000 BCE2. 1,500,000 BCE -- 250,000 BCE
3. 250,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE3. 250,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE
4. 30,000 BCE -- 10,000 BCE
Paleolithic AgePaleolithic Age::
( Old Stone Age )( Old Stone Age )
2,500,000 BCE2,500,000 BCE
to 8,000 BCEto 8,000 BCE

5.  ““PaleolithicPaleolithic”” -->--> ““Old StoneOld Stone”” AgeAge
 2,500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE2,500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE
 hunting (hunting (menmen) & gathering () & gathering (womenwomen))
 small bands of 20-30 humanssmall bands of 20-30 humans
 NOMADICNOMADIC (moving from place to place)(moving from place to place)
 Made toolsMade tools

6. 4,000,000 BCE – 1,000,000 BCE4,000,000 BCE – 1,000,000 BCE
 HominidsHominids --> any member--> any member
of the family of two-leggedof the family of two-legged
primates that includes allprimates that includes all
humans.humans.
 AustralopithecinesAustralopithecines
 AnAn ApposableApposable
ThumbThumb

7.  HOMO HABILISHOMO HABILIS
(( ““Man of SkillsMan of Skills”” ))
 found in East Africa.found in East Africa.
 created stone tools.created stone tools.

8.  Humans during this period found shelter in caves.Humans during this period found shelter in caves.
 Cave paintings left behind.Cave paintings left behind.
Purpose??Purpose??

9. 1,6000,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE1,6000,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE
 HOMO ERECTUSHOMO ERECTUS
(( ““Upright Human BeingUpright Human Being”” ))
 Larger and more variedLarger and more varied
tools --> primitive technologytools --> primitive technology
 First hominid to migrate andFirst hominid to migrate and
leave Africa for Europe andleave Africa for Europe and
Asia.Asia.
 First to use fire ( 500,000 BCE )First to use fire ( 500,000 BCE )
 BIPEDALISMBIPEDALISM

10. Are we all AfricansAre we all Africans ““under the skinunder the skin””????????

11. 200,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE200,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE
HOMO SAPIENSHOMO SAPIENS
(( ““Wise Human BeingWise Human Being”” ))
NeanderthalsNeanderthals
( 200,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE )( 200,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE )
Cro-MagnonsCro-Magnons
( 40,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE )( 40,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE )

12. NEANDERTHALS:NEANDERTHALS:
 Neander Valley,Neander Valley,
Germany (1856)Germany (1856)
 First humans to buryFirst humans to bury
their dead.their dead.
 Made clothes fromMade clothes from
animal skins.animal skins.
 Lived in caves andLived in caves and
tents.tents.

13. NEANDERTHALSNEANDERTHALS
Early Hut/TentEarly Hut/Tent

14. CRO-MAGNONs:CRO-MAGNONs:
 Homo sapiens sapiensHomo sapiens sapiens
(( ““Wise, wise humanWise, wise human”” ))
 By 30,000 BCE theyBy 30,000 BCE they
replaced Neanderthals.replaced Neanderthals.
WHY???WHY???

16. 70,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE70,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE

17.  ““NeolithicNeolithic””  ““New StoneNew Stone”” AgeAge
 10,000 BCE – 4,000 BCE10,000 BCE – 4,000 BCE
 Gradual shift from:Gradual shift from:
Nomadic lifestyleNomadic lifestyle  settled, stationery lifestyle.settled, stationery lifestyle.
Hunting/GatheringHunting/Gathering  agricultural production andagricultural production and
domestication of animals.domestication of animals.

18.  8,000 BCE – 5,000 BCE8,000 BCE – 5,000 BCE
 Agriculture developed independently inAgriculture developed independently in
different parts of the world.different parts of the world.
 SLASH-AND-BURN FarmingSLASH-AND-BURN Farming
Middle East India Central America China Southeast AsiaMiddle East India Central America China Southeast Asia
8,000 BCE 7,000 BCE 6,500 BCE 6,000 BCE 5,000 BCE8,000 BCE 7,000 BCE 6,500 BCE 6,000 BCE 5,000 BCE

19. DevelopmentDevelopment
of Agricultureof Agriculture
?
?
?
?

20. Why do you think the
development of
agriculture occurred
around the same time in
several different places?

21. Why do some
archaeologists believe
that women were the
first farmers?

22.  Growing crops on a regular basis made possible theGrowing crops on a regular basis made possible the
support of larger populations.support of larger populations.
 More permanent, settled communities emerged.More permanent, settled communities emerged.
 9,000 BCE9,000 BCE  Earliest Agricultural Settlement atEarliest Agricultural Settlement at
JARMOJARMO ( northern Iraq )( northern Iraq )  wheatwheat

23.  8,000 BCE8,000 BCE  Largest Early Settlement atLargest Early Settlement at Çatal HÇatal Hüüyükyük
( Modern Turkey )( Modern Turkey )  6,000 inhabitants6,000 inhabitants
 Division of laborDivision of labor
 Engaged in tradeEngaged in trade
 Organized religion
 Small militarySmall military
 12 cultivated crops12 cultivated crops
An obsidian daggerAn obsidian dagger

24. Çatal HüyükÇatal Hüyük

28. AdvancedAdvanced
CitiesCities
SpecializedSpecialized
WorkersWorkers
ComplexComplex
InstitutionsInstitutions
Record-Record-
KeepingKeeping
AdvancedAdvanced
TechnologyTechnology