Presentación de Andres Iacobelli, Director, Elemental Copec / UC Doing Tank, Chile

1. The CITY as equity source
400 fairs
Metropoitan Promenade
Antofagasta New Center for Santiago: 2 Million People
Copiapo
New Partnerships
Santiago
Techo para Chile + Billiton Mining Co.
Valparaiso 10.000 units x year
Concepcion
Is a Doing Tank that is
Temuco
promoting the city as a
2006
Valdivia
source of equity
Patents
Oil
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World Competition Chi
PEC / E-House x Retailers
CO
2005 /
13
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Fondef / Conicyt Funds New Projects
Chile
Ba Lo Barnechea / Juan Pablo II
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Fonde
San Bernardo
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Renca 1.000 units
2003
Chi
Quinta Monroy, Iquique
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2002
Identify the Equation
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ELEMENTAL begins

2. What is our point ?
We already know how to produce coverage = Quantity of units.
Can we, without reducing quantity, have quality as well ?
Yes.
Re-define quality:
A house is not a car; it should be able to increase it’s value over
time.
Social Housing should be seen as an investment, not as a social
expense.
In ELEMENTAL we have identified a set of design conditions
that if followed, improve the chances of a property to gain
value over time, a of a family to abandon poverty.
2 million people livng in precarious conditions (15 % of the population)
chile
U$ 10 billion of Government Investment in the next 20 years.
latinoamerica 200 milion people livng in precaroius conditions.
Caracas 40% , Mexico City 60%
U$ ? Billion of investment.

3. FRAMEWORK: Housing Policy
100.000 vouchers s x year,US$ 500 millon budget
US$ 7,500 ( to pay x site, infrastructure and architecture)
Income ( US$ )
US $ 5000
“Private Scheme”
Gov Subsidy + Family Savings + PRIVATE BANK LOAN
Used Units
Mobility / Rehabilitation
“Competitive Fund”
Application by groups with a specific project/site
Lot Subdivision /
Gov Subsidy + Family Savings + SELF CONSTRUCTION
Densification
U$7.500 US$300 No Debt
$0
New
Developments

4. ARCHITECTURE and URBAN DESIGN
ENGENEERING and BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
COMMUNITY and SOCIAL WORK

6. Despite very bad living
conditions, families had a
survival network in the city
around them, consisting of
jobs, education, health
facilities and transportation.
It was highly desireable to
maintain that network and
radicate the families where
they were.
But the problem was that
the cost of the site, was 3
times more than what
social housing is normally
able to afford.

7. Which are those conditions that can increase the value?
EQUATION
+ good location in the city Dense enough to pay for expensive
well located sites
(close to the opportunity network)
+ introduction of the collective space 20 to 30 families
( extensive family as an economical and social unit)
+ able to develop harmonically over time Conquer the corner of the lot /
( avoid the impoversihment of the neighborehood and of the
alternate voids for expansions
house typical of progressive building)
72 m2 /4 bedrooms of 3x3, living
+ middle class DNA
of 3x6, bathroom far from entrance,
(instead of small house give half of a good house)
with tub not shower, parking
+ maximum flexibility / minimum technology 3 m.
(voids big enough for decent rooms but small ehpugh to
facilitate low tech expansions)
+ structural design for final scenario Partition walls for the final house.
= all x US$ 7500 x family.(site, services and architecture included)
To do what a family, individually, will never do.

8. If to try resolve the equation we use
1 house = 1 family = 1 lot…
We fit just 32 units
This type is very inefficient in landuse,
so the market tries to make land cost
as close to zero as possible.
Those pieces of land are far away, in
the periphery of cities; in this case in a
stigmatized town outside Iquique.
But even if we had enough money to 32 units
pay for this site, this isolated type is
unable to take some responsibility on
selfconstruction (50% of the final built
environment at least).
The given units are normally swallowed
by expansions producing a very bad
urban environment, once again.

9. If we use a more dense type
Lot width = House width = Room width…
We fit 60 families.
We do better, eventhough still not enough.
The problem with this Row House
type, is that whenever families
expand, they block previous rooms’
access to ventilation and light, and
compromise privacy.
What we get then, instead of
efficiency in landuse, is
overcrowding.
60 units

10. If we build in height…
We fit all the 100 families
But ( besides the fact that families
threatened us with a hunger strike, if
we even consider giving these blocks as
a solution), building in height
100 units
blocks expansions.

12. Alfonso Montero

14. Tomas Cortese

15. So, instead of doing the best possible $7.500 dollar unit and repeating it a 100
times, we went for best possible $750.000 dollar building which could host a 100
families and their growth in time.
But we knew, buildings block expansions…
That’s true except in the first and last floor;
So, what we did was a $750.000 dollar building that had just the first and last
floor. With 2 properties one on top of the other, we doubled the efficiency of
landuse, before even ging into the design.

16. 1. Dry automatic unarticulated Boxes and Forms
to counterbalance selfconstruction
2. Alternate voids avoid overdose of uncertain
3. Loos/Tzara windows to achieve scale
4. Square lot inefficient but flexible to rotate
With direct access gave in wallbe occupied, arriving up to 72 m2 a the meter Lot both 1st. floor.
With thisFirst-and-Last-floor-Building, widea 6x6
So, this isis howapartments,themeters Zerothem meters House in in 9x9 final stage,in the the House and the Apartment .
So this horizontal to the collective top of
And 3 what we expect
Thenanduplex we partitionit6to stage had each.
on courtyard.

17. The First-and-Last-Floor-Building, wrapped around to form 4 collective courtyards of 20 families each
Square 9 x 9 m lots for the house, allow to fit better the irregular shape of the site. Form matters.

18. Meanwhile, families began to be prepared for the
new life they were about to begin.
They had to begin to think about the new houses,
so they were asked to draw and write about…

19. The Houses
Juana Zeballos 59 years
PAA Lagos 37 years Sergio Avendaño 59 years

20. The Facades

21. Expected expansion
The Growth

22. This is what you normally get while building for $7.500, 45 minutes away from the city, in a stigmatized periphery

23. For the same money we did this, in the same place where they have lived for the last 30
years, paying 3 times more than what social housing has ever paid for the land.

29. Second 50% = US$ 750
First 50% = US$ 7,500
US$ 7,500 + US$ 750 = US$ 20,000

36. Welcome to the Quinta

37. The Courtyards

38. www.elementalchile.cl