8. • Legislation allowing women to join the armed forces.
– Denmark (1934), Greece (1946), Canada (1968),
Spain (1988).
– Average NATO countries: 1983.
• All positions open to women:
– Denmark (1978), Belgium (1981), Norway (1985),
Luxembourg (1987), Spain (1999).
– Average NATO countries: 1999.
1.1. POLICIES TO IMPLEMENT A GENDER PERSPECTIVE
IN THE ARMED FORCES
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9. Percentage of NATO member states reporting on the integration of a gender
perspective through gender legislation, workgroups and training 1999-2013
1.1. POLICIES TO IMPLEMENT A GENDER PERSPECTIVE
IN THE ARMED FORCES
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10. Timeline on the adoption of a UNSCR 1325 National Action Plan from 2005-
2013
While numbers indicate progress on gender integration, 39% of NATO members have
not implemented a NAP on UNSCR 1325
1.1. POLICIES TO IMPLEMENT A GENDER PERSPECTIVE
IN THE ARMED FORCES
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11. Percentage of NATO member states reporting enlistment and retention
policies, 1999-2013
1.2. HUMAN RESOURCES
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12. Percentage of NATO member states reporting the use of positions and
professional networks to support women in the armed forces, 1999-2013
1.2. HUMAN RESOURCES
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13. Percentage of NATO member states reporting on the use of deployed gender advisors,
nondeployed gender advisors, and training for gender in operations, 2002-2013
1.3. GENDER IN OPERATIONS
14. Percentage of NATO members reporting the use of sexual assault prevention
advisors and training for sexual assault prevention, 1999-2013
1.4. SEXUAL ASSAULT PREVENTION
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15. STEP 2. RESULTS
Map the current situation Women in
NATO countries Armed Forces
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16. Percentage of women in the armed forces of NATO members, 1999
2.1. RESULTS: Nº women in AF, positions and ranking
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17. Percentage of women in the armed forces of NATO members, 2013
2.1. RESULTS: Nº women in AF, positions and ranking
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18. Percentage of women in the armed forces of NATO members, 2013
2.1. RESULTS: Nº women in AF, positions and ranking
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19. Percentage of women in the armed forces of NATO members, 1999
-5.0%
-9.9%
43.6%
-0.9%
1.9%
7.9%
6.4%
0.5%
-0.4%
-3.0%
1.7%
3.6%
0.6% 1.4%
7.1%
6.8%
6.1%
8.8% 8.7% 8.9%
9.6%
10.2% 10.2% 10.2%
9.9% 10.0%
10.4% 10.5% 10.6%
-20.0%
-10.0%
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Var. Rate Average
2.1. RESULTS: Nº women in AF, positions and ranking
20. Percentage of women in Spanish Armed Forces – Active Duty, 2002-2013
9,9%
10,5%
10,8%
12,0% 12,2% 12,1% 12,1%
11,7% 11,6%
11,8% 11,9%
10,0%
10,5% 10,8%
12,2% 12,5% 12,6% 12,6% 12,8%
12,0%
13,2% 13,4%
9,8% 9,7% 9,5% 10,8% 11,4% 11,9% 11,9% 12,0% 13,0% 12,2% 12,3%
10,0%
10,5% 10,7%
12,0%
12,3% 12,3% 12,1%
12,2% 12,1%
12,3% 12,4%
0,0%
2,0%
4,0%
6,0%
8,0%
10,0%
12,0%
14,0%
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Women in Army Women in Air Force Women in Navy Women Ac ve Duty ac ve duty
Source: Spanish National Report (1999-2013)– NATO Committee On Gender Perspectives.
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21. • Num. Women in Armed Forces (2013):
– Hungary (20.3%), the United States (18%), Latvia (16.5%), Bulgaria (14.6%) and
Canada (14.1%).
• Services:
– Air Force (9.46%), Navy (9.04%) and Army (8.46%) - Air Force remains preferred
service for women.
– Since 1999, the standard deviation did not change dramatically, meaning that
NATO members have been following similar paces.
– Overall trend on women’s participation is positive.
• Glass ceiling – ranks:
– % of women in officer (OF) stable around 20-25% over the past 4 years.
– NATO members highest percentage women in senior ranks : Canada (4.1% of OF- 6
were women) and Belgium (2.78% of OF-6 were women)
– US highest number of women in the highest ranks (OF- 6 and higher): 1.455 General
Officers.
Limited information
available
2.2. RESULTS: Nº women in AF, positions and ranking
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22. Percentage of women in Spanish Armed Forces – Military ranks in Active Duty, 2010-
2013
0.0%
3.1%
9.8%
2.3%
16.9%
0.0%
3.3%
10.6%
3.1%
16.9%
0.0%
3.5%
10.9%
3.6%
16.9%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
OF6 OF3-5 OF1-2 OR5-9 OR1-4
2010 2012 2013
Source: Spanish National Report (1999-2013)– NATO Committee On Gender Perspectives.
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23. STEP 1. ACTIONS STEP 2. RESULTS
“UNSCR 1325
Implementation
Gap”
OBJETIVE 2. Map the current situation
24. PRELIMINARY RECOMENDATIONS
1. A gender perspective should be seen as a holistic framework: action in
various dimensions, including: legislation, recruitment, retention, career
development, work-life balance, sexual assault and harassment
prevention;
2. The military should be a reflection of society;
3. Development and implementation of NAP on the implementation of
UNSCR 1325 would enhance progress;
4. Slow progress means lost opportunities,
5. More research is needed;
6. Improving results together;
7. Change requires leadership
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25. 15th Anniversary UNSCR 1325
• Spain’s Presidency– New resolution:
Contents?:
– UK pen-holder
– Do we need a new resolution?
– We need to put words into practice.
– NAP need finance.
– What can really be agreed?
• Increase women’s representation in peace
negotiations.
• Data recollection.
1961 The first NATO Conference of Senior Women Officers took place in Copenhagen, with
delegates from Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway, the United Kingdom and the United States.
1976 The NATO Military Committee formally recognized the Committee on Women in the NATO
Forces (CWINF).
