The presentation is made for a design paper accepted in IndiaHCI 2012.

1. Demography based 
Automated Teller Machine
Deepti Aggarwal, Himanshu Zade, Anind K. Dey

2. Presentation Overview
 Demography and its impact on usability of ATMs
 Issues with ATMs in India
 Global solutions unsuitable to Indian demography
 Proposed software and hardware design

3. What is Demography?
 Study of population composition
 Spatio-temporally dynamic
 Study of the size, structure, and distribution of
population
 Tightly coupled with the culture of that place

4. Demography: Effect on usability of an
artifact
 Influences attitude, behavior, actions, values,
cognitive structure, social and perceptual skills.
 Follows different signs, symbols, and words.
 affects the interaction with designs!

5. Demography: Impact on consumer products
 Liril Soap
could not attract Global market but India owing to
its branding as a herbal product.
 Dish washer
low acceptance into Indian market due to different
food preferences.

6. One more consumer product…
Automated Teller Machine

7.  Widely used service by to make cash
withdrawals, check account balances
and many other services.
 Began in 1970s in UK.
What is an
Automated
Teller Machine
(ATM) ?

8.  Literacy rate of 74.04%.
 Second highest population in the
world
 1652 languages and their various
dialects.
 Age Structure:
 0-14 years: 31.1%
 15-64 years: 63.6%
Indian  65-over: 5.3%
Demography

9.  Low technical acquaintance.
 Slow adaptation to newer
technologies.
 Emotional attachment to local
terminologies and preferences.
 Segmented population results to
diverse needs.
Indian
 Leads to lower usability
Demography:
of ATM.
Impact on
ATM

10.  45000+ ATM installations in India.
 Preferred way of financial transaction to
80% Indians.
 More than 50% Indians use ATM service
at least once a week.
 Experts forecast that the growth rate
(CAGR) is expected to grow 18 percent
ATM: up by 2013.
Significant to
Indian
market

11. Bank of America
BBVA Inc. in collaboration with IDEO Inc.
ATM innovation:
From other
demography
… and many more
Apple Inc. for iPhone digital signature

12. 1970 2020
Evolution of ATM since 1970: Problem statement
Man evolved, ATM did not…

13. Research Methodology
 Within group design
 Participants: 20 (11 males and 9 females)
 Diverse backgrounds
 Minimum 2 years of experience with ATM
 Subjective assessment to identify issues and
evaluate the proposed solutions

14. 
ATM: Issues in India

15. 1. Hardware Issue: No Privacy

16. 2. Hardware Issue: Card Slot Trap

17. 3. Hardware Issue: Card Orientation

18. 1. Software Issue:
No proper feedback

19. 2. Software Issue:
ATM card absorption causes automation surprise

20. 3. Software Issue:
Interaction non-intuitive
… and more

21. Proposed Design Solution
 Dolphin hardware case  RFID card
 Interactive software design  Touch-base screen with 30
degree inclination.

22. Conclusion
 System Usability Score = 79 for the proposed design
 Demography drives novelty of an idea and influences
user satisfaction
 Personalization leads to variable process flows
 Customization favors diversity
 Trade-off: Localization and Centralization

23. Logistics
 The existing ATMs can be upgraded by involving the
suggested interactivity in a touch-based screen.
 Giving control to users for ATM magnetic
card, provide a swipe-in slot that can replace the
push-in pull-out / absorb-in slot.
 New ATMs can be built completely as per the
proposed design later.

24. Future work
ATM for specially-abled people
Extension to UID compatibility

25. 
Thank you
Questions?