counselling

1. Counselling Skills for Managers

2. 5 W’s ofCounselling
 What
 Why
 Who
 When
2
 Where

3. Management Counselling Approaches
 Directive :- Manager dictates solution
 Prescriptive :- Suggests possible solution &
encourages its adoption
 Negotiative :- After offers & counter-
offers ,both arrive at agreements
 Consultative :- Discusses on employee
provided solutions to get better ones
 Non-directive :- Encourages employee to
design solutions

4. Counselling Process
Counselling is a process with a
beginning, a middle and an end,
Where
the counsellor facilitates an
individual to consider the aspects
of their life they wish to change.
Each process has a task to
accomplish

5. Counselling Process
 The whole idea is to enable the client
to explore a difficulty or distress
which they may be experiencing,
assisted by the counsellor who would
guide the client from feeling a victim
of circumstances to feeling that they
have more control over their life
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6. Stage 1 - Preparation
 Identify the need : An awareness of a problem &
the need for help
 Readiness : The client should be ready to accept
help
 Factors affecting readiness
Ignorance
Resistance
Lack of motivation
Attitude
 Place
 Notify in advance
 Time of meeting
 Organise information

7. Stage II – Pre Counselling Session
Initial
interview to get acquainted
Preparation of case history
Exploration of the client’s concern for
the problem

8. Stage III – Building up Rapport &
relationship
 Very Critical as it paves the way for a constructive
relationship
 Relationship includes trust, respect & relative
psychological comfort
 Rogers in 1957 proposed the core conditions for
successful counselling
 Unconditional +ve regard
 Empathy
 Congruence:- Both consider the issue from the same
perspective & aim for the same goals

9. Stage III – Building up Rapport &
relationship
 Other conditions include:-
Respect
Acceptance
Genuineness
Listening
Concreteness
Confidentiality

10. Stage IV – Problem Definition & Goal
setting
Recognise a client need
Understand the need
Meet the need

11. Stage IV – Problem Definition & Goal
setting
1) Beliefs may
Contribute to the problem
Inhibit the solution
Become the problem
2) Feelings/responses may
Exaggerate the problem
Inhibit comprehension of the problem
Become a problem

12. Stage IV – Problem Definition & Goal
setting
3) Behaviour /response may
Be inappropriate
Contribute to the problem
Complicate the problem
4) Interaction patterns may
Lead to miscommunication
Greater expectations
Copying Styles

13. Stage IV – Problem Definition & Goal
setting
5) Contextual factors
Time
Place
Cultural & Socio-Political issues

14. Problem Definition
The clients might make different types of
statements
 Based on facts & Alternatives
 Based on Judgements,preferences,Dislikes
 Based on specific type of behaviour
 Basedon emotions,Conflicts,pressures,fears &
expectations

15. Problem Definition
 Explorationof information for assessing the
problem is gathered from
 Client’s perspective
 Counsellor’s perspective
 Other’s perspective

16. Problem Definition
 Re-assessment implies changing from known
,apparent views to less known, hidden
dimensions
 When new perspectives/insights are discovered,
approaches to change can be evolved
 Challenging is a difficult task as it involves re-
directing the thought process & dealing with the
discomfort they experience
 Confrontation
 Selfconfrontation
 Feedback
 Directives

17. Goal Setting
Prioritising, Focusing & Accepting the
problem
Allowing the client to state the goals
Determines the selection of interventions

18. Goal Setting
1) To change an unwanted or unwelcome
behaviour
2) To cope better in a stressful situation
3) To make & implement decisions
4) To enhance relationships
5) To help in client’s journey towards achieving his
potential

19. Stage V – Intervention & Problem Solving
 An action plan to meet the goals is made
 Clearlyindicate the steps to be taken by the
client & the interventions utilised by the
counsellor
 Implementation activities include specific
counselling, training & education, group
therapy etc

20. Stage V – Intervention & Problem
Solving
A successful treatment plan includes
Goals clearly defined & reachable
Plans adapted with time
Positive ,action-oriented focus
Client’s willingness & motivation to
follow it

21. Stage VI - Termination
Termination is important as a means of empowering the
client by creating a temporary closure of relationship
Termination is considered when:-
Awareness by counselor & counselee that the work is
completed
When it seems that counselling is not being helpful
It is not a clear-cut ending, but also no need to continue
beyond necessity

22. Stage VI - Termination
 Suggested termination
 Imposed termination
 Situational termination
 Early termnation
 A gradual tapering off of sessions
 Therapeutic vacations-break without breaking
the connection
 Counselor should carefully consider the most
effective way to terminate each client

23. Stage VI - Termination
 Open Door policy
 The client should review the future plan of action
in his own words
 A future date is identified in consultation with
the client for reviewing the progress & evolving
corrective measures

24. Stage VII – Follow up
 Counselor’s role to be an evaluator & navigator
 Follow up is to :-
 Review Progress
 Review the Learning